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Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.
Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control and
direction must be complied with.
Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongful
manner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.
Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have been
performed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can be
completely divorced from the authorized act.
Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.
Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.
Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?
  • a)
    Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.
  • b)
    Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.
  • c)
    Both Annubai and Aggubai.
  • d)
    None of the above.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and...
Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearly operated outside the course of her employment since there were specific instructions to travel by train alone. 
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Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowells No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: On her way back, Annubai decided to drivedown for a part of the journey as her friendBhavinder told her it was a scenic drive.Annubai got tempted and downed 4 bottlesof whisky in the car. Owing to herinebriated state, Annubai sped and her carran into a family of three sleeping on thefootpath. Who will be liable for theaccident?

Principle 1 – The Principal is liable for all acts of the agent done in the course of employment.Principle 2 – When a servant commits a mistake while acting on behalf of his master, causing loss to the plaintiff thereby, the master will be liable for the same.Principle 3 – Generally, the employer is not liable for torts committed by an independent contractor working for him.Exception – The employer will be held liable for the acts of an independent contractor if he authorizes the doing of an illegal act.Explanation – An independent contractor is one who is not under the complete direction and control of the employer.Principle 4 – If the servant acts negligently in the performance of his duties or displays reckless behaviour, thereby causing loss to the plaintiff, the master will be held liable.Principle 5 – If the servant does an act in defiance of an express prohibition, and the act is outside the course of employment, then the master cannot be held liable for harm arising out of such an act.Facts – Seashell Petroleum Co. has a large number of drivers employed under the Company, who drive petrol tankers and fill uppetrol in underground tanks at petrol bunks invarious cities. Reuben was one such driveremployed by Seashell. One day, while fillingup a tank with petrol, Reuben carelessly lightsa match, lights his cigarette, and throws theglowing splinter on the floor. A fire starts in thepetrol bunk, as a result, and severe damage iscaused to life and property. Who should beheld liable for this loss?

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Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free.
Here you can find the meaning of Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Directions: Questions 4 - 6are based on a common set of principles and facts. Answer accordingly.Principle 1: Any person (Principal) authorizing another person (Agent) to do a certain act will be liable for all acts of such person done within the course of employment. The tests of control anddirection must be complied with.Principle 2: A wrongful act authorized by the Principal as well as a lawful act done in a wrongfulmanner would be considered to have been within the course of employment unless specific directions were given regarding the mode of performance of the act.Principle 3: For an act to fall outside the scope of employment, the act should either have beenperformed after the authorized act had come to an end or must be of such nature that it can becompletely divorced from the authorized act.Principle 4: Such a relationship need not be a long term arrangement and can be set up for one specific transaction.Facts: Aggubai instructed her long standing childhood friend Annubai to go to Palampur and strike a deal with Tagesh, a spirit supplier, for the purchase of 1000 bottles of McDowell‘s No.1 whisky, which Aggubai intended to sell at her retail store in Mumbai. Annubai was also instructed to keep in touch with Aggubai over phone regarding the deal. Accordingly, Annubai took a train to Palampur, planned a meeting with Tagesh and made the requisite purchase.Que: Had Aggubai clearly instructed Annubai totravel only by train, who would then beliable for the accident?a)Annubai. By deciding to drive she clearlyoperated outside the course of heremployment.b)Aggubai. Even though she asked Annubai totravel by train, she never asked Annubai notto consume alcohol. The accident happenedbecause of the alcohol not because Annubaitravelled by car.c)Both Annubai and Aggubai.d)None of the above.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.
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