Plants growing on sand are called lithophytes as earth is divided into three spheres such as hydrospheres, a layer of water, lithosphere, a layer of sand and troposphere, a layer of atmosphere.

Understanding Psammophytes
Plants that thrive in sandy environments are specifically referred to as psammophytes. These plants have adapted to survive in conditions where soil is predominantly sand, which presents unique challenges such as low water retention and nutrient scarcity.
Characteristics of Psammophytes
- Adaptation to Drought:
Psammophytes have special adaptations that allow them to conserve water. Their leaves may be small or needle-like to minimize water loss through transpiration.
- Root Systems:
Many psammophytes have extensive root systems that help anchor them in loose sand and access moisture deeper in the ground.
- Nutrient Acquisition:
These plants often have mechanisms to efficiently extract nutrients from their environment, compensating for the nutrient-poor conditions typical of sandy soils.
Examples of Psammophytes
- Species Variety:
Common examples include beach grasses, such as American beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata), and various types of succulents that can tolerate dry conditions.
- Ecological Role:
Psammophytes play an essential role in stabilizing sand dunes, preventing erosion, and providing habitat for various wildlife.
Conclusion
In summary, the correct term for plants growing on sand is "psammophytes." Their unique adaptations and ecological significance make them vital components of sandy ecosystems. Understanding these plants enhances our appreciation of biodiversity and the complexity of plant adaptations in different environments.