Major types of landforms on earth include mountains, valleys, plateaus, glaciers, hills, loess, plains and desserts. Mountains are lands physical features protruding high beyond the hills and very high up the land surface with steep top commonly shaped up to a peak.

Major Landforms of the Earth

The earth's surface is comprised of various landforms that are a result of natural processes like erosion, weathering, and tectonic activities. These landforms can be categorized into major domains based on their characteristics, location, and formation. Let's explore these major domains of the Earth in detail:

1. Mountains:
Mountains are the highest landforms on Earth and are typically characterized by steep slopes and high peaks. They are formed due to tectonic forces, such as the collision of tectonic plates or volcanic activity. Some famous mountain ranges include the Himalayas, Andes, Rockies, and Alps.

2. Plateaus:
Plateaus are flat-topped elevated landforms that are higher than the surrounding areas. They are formed due to volcanic activity, erosion, or upliftment of the Earth's crust. Plateaus are often rich in minerals and have diverse ecosystems. Examples of plateaus include the Deccan Plateau in India and the Colorado Plateau in the United States.

3. Plains:
Plains are vast, flat or gently rolling landforms that are mainly formed by the deposition of sediments over a long period. They are usually found in low-lying areas and are ideal for agriculture due to their fertile soil. Examples of plains include the Indo-Gangetic Plains in India and the Great Plains in North America.

4. Deserts:
Deserts are dry and arid regions with little or no vegetation. They are formed due to the lack of rainfall and high evaporation rates. Deserts can be sandy, rocky, or a combination of both. Some famous deserts include the Sahara Desert in Africa, the Arabian Desert in the Middle East, and the Mojave Desert in the United States.

5. Islands:
Islands are landforms that are completely surrounded by water. They can be formed due to volcanic activity or erosion. Islands can vary in size, from small islets to large landmasses like Greenland or Madagascar. They are often known for their unique ecosystems and biodiversity.

6. Peninsulas:
Peninsulas are landforms that are surrounded by water on three sides. They are usually connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land called an isthmus. Some famous peninsulas include the Indian Peninsula, the Iberian Peninsula, and the Scandinavian Peninsula.

In conclusion, the major domains of the Earth include mountains, plateaus, plains, deserts, islands, and peninsulas. Each of these landforms has its own unique characteristics and is formed through different geological processes. Understanding these landforms helps us comprehend the diverse physical features of our planet.

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