Ethylene glycol is added to water as antifreeze. It willa)Only increase the boiling pointb)Only decrease the freezing pointc)It is used to clean the radiator in card)Increase the freezing point of water in winter and increase the boiling point of water in summerCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

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Adding ethylene glycol to water reduces the freezing point of water. Water freezes at temperatures much less than 0 degree Celsius when ethylene glycol is added to it. It is used as an anti-freeze

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An Aqueous solution with a freezing point much less than 0 degree CELSIUS is termed as an antifreeze solution....
In cold contries,where temperature drops below 0 degree CELSIUS, usually an antifreeze solution is mixed with H2O for tha usage of it in car radiator in order to prevent solidification of water in the radiator.
so...Aqueous solution of ethylene glycol is generally used for this purpose.

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Ethylenegycol decreases the freezing  point of water in winters according to this 2 opt should be correct though it also increases the boiling point but in 4th option half statement is stating that it increases the freezing point  and that sounds wrong ...

Answer

Introduction:
Ethylene glycol is commonly used as an antifreeze in various applications, especially in automotive cooling systems. It is added to water to lower its freezing point and increase its boiling point, making it an effective coolant in both winter and summer conditions.

Lowering the Freezing Point:
Ethylene glycol acts as a freezing point depressant when added to water. This is due to its ability to disrupt the formation of ice crystals and prevent the water from solidifying at low temperatures. When ethylene glycol molecules are added to water, they interfere with the hydrogen bonding between water molecules, resulting in a decrease in the freezing point of the solution. This property is crucial in preventing the coolant from freezing in cold weather conditions.

Increasing the Boiling Point:
In addition to lowering the freezing point, ethylene glycol also increases the boiling point of water when mixed together. This is because the presence of ethylene glycol molecules raises the boiling point of the solution by reducing the vapor pressure of the liquid. The increased boiling point helps prevent the engine coolant from evaporating at high temperatures, ensuring efficient heat transfer and preventing engine overheating.

Year-round Antifreeze Protection:
By adding ethylene glycol to water, the freezing point of the coolant is lowered, providing protection against freezing in winter. On the other hand, the boiling point of the coolant is increased, providing protection against overheating in summer. This dual functionality makes ethylene glycol an ideal antifreeze for year-round use, ensuring the proper functioning of the engine under various temperature conditions.

Conclusion:
Ethylene glycol is added to water as antifreeze primarily because it lowers the freezing point of water, preventing it from solidifying in cold temperatures, and increases the boiling point, preventing evaporation and overheating in hot temperatures. This dual functionality allows the engine coolant to provide year-round protection against freezing and overheating, ensuring optimal performance of the cooling system.

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