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Page 1
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (Defence Research and Development Organisation-
DRDO) ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? (Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet) ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????
???? ???? ?? ???-??-??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ????
?????? ?????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????????:
z ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? (Ramjet Engine) ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????
z ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???, ????? ??? ???-???????
(Air-breathing) ???? ????
? ???-??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????
???? ????? ???? ???? ????
z DRDO ?? ???? 2017 ??? SFDR ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? 2018 ?? ???? 2019 ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????
?????:
z DRDO ?? SFDR ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???
???? ??????
z ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? SFDR ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????
?? ??????? ???? ???? ????
z SFDR ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????
???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????:
z ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (DRDO) ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???-??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????
??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????
z DRDO ?? ?????? ???? 1958 ??? ???? ?????? ????? (Defence Science Organisation-DSO) ?? ??? ?????? ????
?? ?????? ????? ?????????? (Technical Development Establishment-TDEs) ?? ?????? ????? ??
?????? ???????? (Directorate of Technical Development & Production- DTDP) ?? ?????? ?? ???
????
z ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? (Integrated Guided Missile Development
Programme) ?? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? DRDO ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????:
? ?????? ?? ?????????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????
Page 2
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (Defence Research and Development Organisation-
DRDO) ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? (Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet) ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????
???? ???? ?? ???-??-??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ????
?????? ?????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????????:
z ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? (Ramjet Engine) ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????
z ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???, ????? ??? ???-???????
(Air-breathing) ???? ????
? ???-??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????
???? ????? ???? ???? ????
z DRDO ?? ???? 2017 ??? SFDR ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? 2018 ?? ???? 2019 ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????
?????:
z DRDO ?? SFDR ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???
???? ??????
z ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? SFDR ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????
?? ??????? ???? ???? ????
z SFDR ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????
???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????:
z ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (DRDO) ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???-??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????
??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????
z DRDO ?? ?????? ???? 1958 ??? ???? ?????? ????? (Defence Science Organisation-DSO) ?? ??? ?????? ????
?? ?????? ????? ?????????? (Technical Development Establishment-TDEs) ?? ?????? ????? ??
?????? ???????? (Directorate of Technical Development & Production- DTDP) ?? ?????? ?? ???
????
z ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? (Integrated Guided Missile Development
Programme) ?? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? DRDO ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????:
? ?????? ?? ?????????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????
? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? (SAAW)
? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
? ????? ?????? ?? ????-????? ??????
? ????? ?????? ?????-??-??? ??????
? ?????? MK-1 ?????? ?? ???? ??????
? ??? ??????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????
????????
z ??????? ???? (Ramjet Engine), ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? (forward motion) ??
????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? (rotating compressor) ?? ??? (combustion) ?? ???? ????????
???? ????
z ??????? 3 ??? (???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????) ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? 6 ??
??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????
??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????????
z ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???
z ???? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ???
z ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??
?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???
z IGMDP ?? ???????? ??? ?? 26 ?????, 1983 ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
z IGMDP ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???:
? ?????? - ???-??-??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ???????
? ????? – ???-??-??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???????
? ?????? – ???-??-???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????
? ???? – ???-??-???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????
? ??? - ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????
????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ‘??? ??????????? ????????’ ???????? ????? ??? ?????
???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (DRDO) ?? ??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???, ??
???? ????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????
?????? ?????:
??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ????????:
z ??????????? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???: ???????? ?? ???????
z ???????? ??????????? ????-????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????
???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????
Page 3
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (Defence Research and Development Organisation-
DRDO) ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? (Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet) ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????
???? ???? ?? ???-??-??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ????
?????? ?????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????????:
z ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? (Ramjet Engine) ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????
z ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???, ????? ??? ???-???????
(Air-breathing) ???? ????
? ???-??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????
???? ????? ???? ???? ????
z DRDO ?? ???? 2017 ??? SFDR ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? 2018 ?? ???? 2019 ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????
?????:
z DRDO ?? SFDR ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???
???? ??????
z ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? SFDR ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????
?? ??????? ???? ???? ????
z SFDR ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????
???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????:
z ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (DRDO) ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???-??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????
??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????
z DRDO ?? ?????? ???? 1958 ??? ???? ?????? ????? (Defence Science Organisation-DSO) ?? ??? ?????? ????
?? ?????? ????? ?????????? (Technical Development Establishment-TDEs) ?? ?????? ????? ??
?????? ???????? (Directorate of Technical Development & Production- DTDP) ?? ?????? ?? ???
????
z ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? (Integrated Guided Missile Development
Programme) ?? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? DRDO ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????:
? ?????? ?? ?????????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????
? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? (SAAW)
? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
? ????? ?????? ?? ????-????? ??????
? ????? ?????? ?????-??-??? ??????
? ?????? MK-1 ?????? ?? ???? ??????
? ??? ??????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????
????????
z ??????? ???? (Ramjet Engine), ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? (forward motion) ??
????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? (rotating compressor) ?? ??? (combustion) ?? ???? ????????
???? ????
z ??????? 3 ??? (???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????) ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? 6 ??
??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????
??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????????
z ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???
z ???? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ???
z ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??
?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???
z IGMDP ?? ???????? ??? ?? 26 ?????, 1983 ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
z IGMDP ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???:
? ?????? - ???-??-??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ???????
? ????? – ???-??-??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???????
? ?????? – ???-??-???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????
? ???? – ???-??-???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????
? ??? - ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????
????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ‘??? ??????????? ????????’ ???????? ????? ??? ?????
???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (DRDO) ?? ??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???, ??
???? ????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????
?????? ?????:
??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ????????:
z ??????????? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???: ???????? ?? ???????
z ???????? ??????????? ????-????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????
???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????
z ??? ??? ??????? ‘??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ???????’ ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??
??????? ?????
z ????? ??? ?????? AIP ?? ‘??????? ?????? ???????? ??????????’ (NMRL) ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???, ?? ??????? ?? ????
DRDO ?? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????
? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? 2023 ?? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????? ????
AIP ?? ???:
z AIP ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??
???????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????
z ????-????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ?? ?????? ???? ????
?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????
? ‘??? ??????????? ????????’ ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????
z ??????? ???????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? AIP ??????? ???, NMRL ?? ???? ??? ?????? AIP ??????? ??? ?????? ???????
?? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ????
???? ??? ?????? AIP ????????:
z ???? ??? ?????? AIP ??? ?? ????????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???, ???? ????
?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???, ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????
??????? ???????? ???????? ??????????:
z ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? (NMRL) ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????????? ??? ?? ?? ???, ?????? ????????
???????? ?? ???-??? ?? ??????? (????????, ???????, ???????, ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ??????, ?????? ??? ????????????, ???????? ??????)
??? ?????????-????? ???????????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????
z ??????:
? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ??????? ?????? ?????
? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????
? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????
?????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ???????????:
z ???????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????? (????- ??????
??????, ?????? ?????) ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????????? (???? ???????? -75 ?? ????????
-75I ????? ??????) ????-????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????
z ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ???, ???????? ????-?????????
??????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????
INS ????? ????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????? (???????? -75) ??????? INS ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????
???? ??? ????
Page 4
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (Defence Research and Development Organisation-
DRDO) ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? (Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet) ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????
???? ???? ?? ???-??-??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ????
?????? ?????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????????:
z ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? (Ramjet Engine) ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????
z ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???, ????? ??? ???-???????
(Air-breathing) ???? ????
? ???-??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????
???? ????? ???? ???? ????
z DRDO ?? ???? 2017 ??? SFDR ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? 2018 ?? ???? 2019 ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????
?????:
z DRDO ?? SFDR ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???
???? ??????
z ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? SFDR ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????
?? ??????? ???? ???? ????
z SFDR ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????
???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????:
z ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (DRDO) ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???-??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????
??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????
z DRDO ?? ?????? ???? 1958 ??? ???? ?????? ????? (Defence Science Organisation-DSO) ?? ??? ?????? ????
?? ?????? ????? ?????????? (Technical Development Establishment-TDEs) ?? ?????? ????? ??
?????? ???????? (Directorate of Technical Development & Production- DTDP) ?? ?????? ?? ???
????
z ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? (Integrated Guided Missile Development
Programme) ?? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? DRDO ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????:
? ?????? ?? ?????????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????
? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? (SAAW)
? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
? ????? ?????? ?? ????-????? ??????
? ????? ?????? ?????-??-??? ??????
? ?????? MK-1 ?????? ?? ???? ??????
? ??? ??????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????
????????
z ??????? ???? (Ramjet Engine), ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? (forward motion) ??
????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? (rotating compressor) ?? ??? (combustion) ?? ???? ????????
???? ????
z ??????? 3 ??? (???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????) ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? 6 ??
??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????
??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????????
z ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???
z ???? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ???
z ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??
?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???
z IGMDP ?? ???????? ??? ?? 26 ?????, 1983 ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
z IGMDP ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???:
? ?????? - ???-??-??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ???????
? ????? – ???-??-??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???????
? ?????? – ???-??-???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????
? ???? – ???-??-???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????
? ??? - ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????
????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ‘??? ??????????? ????????’ ???????? ????? ??? ?????
???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (DRDO) ?? ??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???, ??
???? ????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????
?????? ?????:
??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ????????:
z ??????????? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???: ???????? ?? ???????
z ???????? ??????????? ????-????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????
???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????
z ??? ??? ??????? ‘??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ???????’ ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??
??????? ?????
z ????? ??? ?????? AIP ?? ‘??????? ?????? ???????? ??????????’ (NMRL) ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???, ?? ??????? ?? ????
DRDO ?? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????
? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? 2023 ?? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????? ????
AIP ?? ???:
z AIP ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??
???????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????
z ????-????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ?? ?????? ???? ????
?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????
? ‘??? ??????????? ????????’ ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????
z ??????? ???????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? AIP ??????? ???, NMRL ?? ???? ??? ?????? AIP ??????? ??? ?????? ???????
?? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ????
???? ??? ?????? AIP ????????:
z ???? ??? ?????? AIP ??? ?? ????????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???, ???? ????
?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???, ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????
??????? ???????? ???????? ??????????:
z ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? (NMRL) ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????????? ??? ?? ?? ???, ?????? ????????
???????? ?? ???-??? ?? ??????? (????????, ???????, ???????, ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ??????, ?????? ??? ????????????, ???????? ??????)
??? ?????????-????? ???????????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????
z ??????:
? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ??????? ?????? ?????
? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????
? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????
?????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ???????????:
z ???????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????? (????- ??????
??????, ?????? ?????) ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????????? (???? ???????? -75 ?? ????????
-75I ????? ??????) ????-????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????
z ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ???, ???????? ????-?????????
??????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????
INS ????? ????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????? (???????? -75) ??????? INS ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????
???? ??? ????
?????? ?????:
z ????? ?????? ???? (?? ???? ??? ?? ???????) ?? ???? 1969 ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? 2003 (34 ????) ??
????? ?? ???? ???
z ???? INS ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
z ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? (????) ????? ???? (???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???) ?? ???? ??? ???, ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???
??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????-????? ??? ????? ????
? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????
????????? 75:
z ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????
z ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? (???? ???????) ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????
z ?????? ????????? ??????? (MDL) ?????? 2005 ??? ????????? ?? 3.75 ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????
???? ?? ???????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????
? MDL ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????
?????????-75 ?? ??? ???????????:
z ?? ??????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????
z ?????? ????????, ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????
z ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? 2020 ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???
z ???? ?? ????? ???????, ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????
??????? ???? ???????:
z ????????-75 ???????? ????? ?? ??????????? ????-????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????
z ???????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?? ?? ???, ?? ????-????? ??? ???????, ????-?????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ???? ????,
?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????
z ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? (????-?????????) ???, ????? ??? 1,500 ?? ??? ?? ?? 300 ???? ?? ????? ?? ??
???? ????
z ????? 2000 ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? INS ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????
??????? ????? ????
z ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?? ‘??? ??????????? ????????’ (AIP) ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???
????
??? ?? ???:
z INS ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ‘?????? ???????? ????’ ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????
MDL ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ‘??? ?? ??????’ ?? ‘????????? ???? ??????’
?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????
Page 5
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (Defence Research and Development Organisation-
DRDO) ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? (Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet) ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????
???? ???? ?? ???-??-??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ????
?????? ?????
????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????????:
z ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? (Ramjet Engine) ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????
z ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???, ????? ??? ???-???????
(Air-breathing) ???? ????
? ???-??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????
???? ????? ???? ???? ????
z DRDO ?? ???? 2017 ??? SFDR ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? 2018 ?? ???? 2019 ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????
?????:
z DRDO ?? SFDR ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???
???? ??????
z ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????? SFDR ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????
?? ??????? ???? ???? ????
z SFDR ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????
???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????:
z ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (DRDO) ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???-??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????
??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????
z DRDO ?? ?????? ???? 1958 ??? ???? ?????? ????? (Defence Science Organisation-DSO) ?? ??? ?????? ????
?? ?????? ????? ?????????? (Technical Development Establishment-TDEs) ?? ?????? ????? ??
?????? ???????? (Directorate of Technical Development & Production- DTDP) ?? ?????? ?? ???
????
z ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? (Integrated Guided Missile Development
Programme) ?? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????
z ??? ?? ??? DRDO ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????:
? ?????? ?? ?????????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????
? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? (SAAW)
? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
? ????? ?????? ?? ????-????? ??????
? ????? ?????? ?????-??-??? ??????
? ?????? MK-1 ?????? ?? ???? ??????
? ??? ??????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????
????????
z ??????? ???? (Ramjet Engine), ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? (forward motion) ??
????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? (rotating compressor) ?? ??? (combustion) ?? ???? ????????
???? ????
z ??????? 3 ??? (???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????) ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? 6 ??
??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????
??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????????
z ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???
z ???? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ???
z ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??
?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???
z IGMDP ?? ???????? ??? ?? 26 ?????, 1983 ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
z IGMDP ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???:
? ?????? - ???-??-??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ???????
? ????? – ???-??-??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???????
? ?????? – ???-??-???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????
? ???? – ???-??-???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????
? ??? - ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????
????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ‘??? ??????????? ????????’ ???????? ????? ??? ?????
???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? (DRDO) ?? ??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???, ??
???? ????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????
?????? ?????:
??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ????????:
z ??????????? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???: ???????? ?? ???????
z ???????? ??????????? ????-????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????
???? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????
z ??? ??? ??????? ‘??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ???????’ ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??
??????? ?????
z ????? ??? ?????? AIP ?? ‘??????? ?????? ???????? ??????????’ (NMRL) ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???, ?? ??????? ?? ????
DRDO ?? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????
? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? 2023 ?? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????? ????
AIP ?? ???:
z AIP ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??
???????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????
z ????-????????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ?? ?????? ???? ????
?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????
? ‘??? ??????????? ????????’ ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????
z ??????? ???????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? AIP ??????? ???, NMRL ?? ???? ??? ?????? AIP ??????? ??? ?????? ???????
?? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ????
???? ??? ?????? AIP ????????:
z ???? ??? ?????? AIP ??? ?? ????????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???, ???? ????
?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????
z ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???, ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????
??????? ???????? ???????? ??????????:
z ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? (NMRL) ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???????????? ??? ?? ?? ???, ?????? ????????
???????? ?? ???-??? ?? ??????? (????????, ???????, ???????, ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ??????, ?????? ??? ????????????, ???????? ??????)
??? ?????????-????? ???????????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????
z ??????:
? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ???????? (AIP) ??????? ?????? ?????
? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????
? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????
?????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ???????????:
z ???????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????? (????- ??????
??????, ?????? ?????) ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????????? (???? ???????? -75 ?? ????????
-75I ????? ??????) ????-????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????
z ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ???, ???????? ????-?????????
??????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????
INS ????? ????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????? (???????? -75) ??????? INS ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????
???? ??? ????
?????? ?????:
z ????? ?????? ???? (?? ???? ??? ?? ???????) ?? ???? 1969 ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? 2003 (34 ????) ??
????? ?? ???? ???
z ???? INS ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
z ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? (????) ????? ???? (???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???) ?? ???? ??? ???, ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???
??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????-????? ??? ????? ????
? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????
????????? 75:
z ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????
z ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? (???? ???????) ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????
z ?????? ????????? ??????? (MDL) ?????? 2005 ??? ????????? ?? 3.75 ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????
???? ?? ???????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????
? MDL ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????
?????????-75 ?? ??? ???????????:
z ?? ??????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????
z ?????? ????????, ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????
z ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? 2020 ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???
z ???? ?? ????? ???????, ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????
??????? ???? ???????:
z ????????-75 ???????? ????? ?? ??????????? ????-????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????
z ???????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?? ?? ???, ?? ????-????? ??? ???????, ????-?????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ???? ????,
?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????
z ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? (????-?????????) ???, ????? ??? 1,500 ?? ??? ?? ?? 300 ???? ?? ????? ?? ??
???? ????
z ????? 2000 ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? INS ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????
??????? ????? ????
z ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?? ‘??? ??????????? ????????’ (AIP) ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???
????
??? ?? ???:
z INS ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ‘?????? ???????? ????’ ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????
MDL ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ‘??? ?? ??????’ ?? ‘????????? ???? ??????’
?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????
??????? ?? ???? ????????
????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ??? ????????? (Ministry of Home Affair) ??? ???????, ??????, ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????
??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????
z ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? (Border Guarding Force) ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????
z ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????????? (Rohingya) ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????
? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????
? ?? ?????? ?? ??????, ???? 2020 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? 40,000 ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ????
?????? ?????
??? ???????? ?? ??????:
z ????? ??????? ?? ??? "???? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????" ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? 1951 ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????
??? ???? ????????? (???? 1967) ?? ????????????? ???? ????
? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? 2017 ?? ????? 2018 ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????
?????????:
z ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ???, ????? ???? ?? ??? ????
??? ??? ???
z ???????? ?? ????? ??? ????? 2021 ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????
z ????-?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??
??? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??
????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????
z ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????
??? ?? ????????:
z ???????? ??? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????
????-??????? ?????:
z ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? 1,643 ???????? (?????? 510 ????????, ?????? 398 ????????, ??????? ??????? 520 ???????? ??
??????? 215 ????????) ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ????
z ???????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????
???? ????? ?? ??????:
z ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? (Free Movement Regime) ?????? ????
z ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?????, ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????-???????? ???? (IMB) ??
????? ?? 16 ????. ?? ???? ????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ???? ??? (?? ???? ?? ?????) ??? ???? ??? ?? ????
??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????
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