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Page 1
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???-??? ???????: ??????? ?????
????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? (NAL) ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????????
????? ‘???-??? ??????’ ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????
??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????
???????? ???????? ?? ??? 30 ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????
2018 ??? ??? ??? ‘???-??? ??????’ ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???
??????? ?????? ??? ??? IFR-??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? 912 ???????
???? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????
???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ????? ???? 1959
??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? 1960 ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ???
??????? ????? 2020
????????? ?????? ????????? ??. ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? 2018 ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????
?????? ??????? ‘??????? ?????’ ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? 64 ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????
??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? 40 ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? 1991 ??? ???.???. ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? 10 ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????
???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? 10 ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????
????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??. ???????
?? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ?? ???????? ?????? ??, ?? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????
????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??. ??????? ??
???? ??????? '?????????' ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
??????? ?????? ????
01 ??????, 2021 ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? (RBI) ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????
???????, 1934 ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? 1 ??????, 1935 ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????
??? ??, ???? ???? 1937 ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? RBI ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????
???????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??, ????? ???? 1949 ??? RBI ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????
????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???
??????, ?? ????? ?? ????????/???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??
???????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???
???? ????
1 ??????, 2021 ?? ????? ??? 85??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? 1 ??????, 1936 ?? ??????
?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? 1947 ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??-??? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????
?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????
???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????
??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??, 250 ??? ????? ???? ?????
??? ???? ???? ???, ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????
Page 2
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???-??? ???????: ??????? ?????
????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? (NAL) ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????????
????? ‘???-??? ??????’ ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????
??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????
???????? ???????? ?? ??? 30 ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????
2018 ??? ??? ??? ‘???-??? ??????’ ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???
??????? ?????? ??? ??? IFR-??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? 912 ???????
???? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????
???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ????? ???? 1959
??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? 1960 ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ???
??????? ????? 2020
????????? ?????? ????????? ??. ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? 2018 ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????
?????? ??????? ‘??????? ?????’ ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? 64 ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????
??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? 40 ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? 1991 ??? ???.???. ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? 10 ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????
???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? 10 ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????
????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??. ???????
?? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ?? ???????? ?????? ??, ?? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????
????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??. ??????? ??
???? ??????? '?????????' ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
??????? ?????? ????
01 ??????, 2021 ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? (RBI) ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????
???????, 1934 ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? 1 ??????, 1935 ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????
??? ??, ???? ???? 1937 ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? RBI ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????
???????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??, ????? ???? 1949 ??? RBI ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????
????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???
??????, ?? ????? ?? ????????/???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??
???????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???
???? ????
1 ??????, 2021 ?? ????? ??? 85??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? 1 ??????, 1936 ?? ??????
?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? 1947 ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??-??? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????
?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????
???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????
??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??, 250 ??? ????? ???? ?????
??? ???? ???? ???, ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????
????? ?????
??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? 1889 ???
???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??, ????? ????????
?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????
???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????-?????, ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????
???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? 1925 ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??
??????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? 130
???? ?????? ??? 30,000 ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???
????????? 3.5 ????? ????? ??? ?? 25,000 ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???
???? ????? ????? ???????
????-???? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? 2019 ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????
?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????
?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ‘??????? ?????? ??? ??????’ ??? ???? ????
???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? 1969 ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? 1969 ???
????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??? (????? ????), ?? ???
?? 10 ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??, ????? ??????, ??? ????, ??? ???????, ?????????? ??????? ???, ?????? ?????,
??????? ?????, ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????
?????? ??? ???? ???? 2018 ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???
?????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????
????? ????? ?? ??????????, ?? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??, ?? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ????
??? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? 470,955 ??????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??
????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???????, ????? ?? ???? 1,358 ?????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ??????
????? ?? 40 ??????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? 388 ?????????? ????? ???, ?????? ??????????
?? 27 ??????????, ??????? ?? 165 ??????????, ?????? ?? 23 ??????????, ??????? ?? 15 ??????????, ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????????
?? 19 ?????????? ????? ???? 5,569 ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ??, ????
20 ??, 1996 ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???
????? ????? ????????? ????
???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? 2 ?????? ?? ‘???? ????? ???????? ????’ ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??????
????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??
2 ??????, 2007 ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? (Autism) ?? ????????/????????, ?? ??????
??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???
?? ????????? (???? ???? ?????) ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????
????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??????
?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??, ????- ?? ??? ??? ?? ???-??? ????? ???? 2011 ?? ?????? ??? ???????, ??? ??? 19 ???? ?? ??
??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? 78,62,921 ??, ?????? ?? 5,95,089 ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????
?????? ????????-2021
????????? ??? '?????????' ??????? ??? ?????????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ‘??????
????????-2021’ (????? ?? ??? ???) ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????, ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? 50 ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???
??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???, ?? 4 ?????? ??
Page 3
????? ?????
???-??? ???????: ??????? ?????
????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? (NAL) ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????????
????? ‘???-??? ??????’ ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????
??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????
???????? ???????? ?? ??? 30 ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????
2018 ??? ??? ??? ‘???-??? ??????’ ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???
??????? ?????? ??? ??? IFR-??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? 912 ???????
???? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????
???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ????? ???? 1959
??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? 1960 ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ???
??????? ????? 2020
????????? ?????? ????????? ??. ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? 2018 ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????
?????? ??????? ‘??????? ?????’ ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? 64 ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????
??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? 40 ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? 1991 ??? ???.???. ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? 10 ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????
???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? 10 ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????
????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??. ???????
?? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ?? ???????? ?????? ??, ?? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????
????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??. ??????? ??
???? ??????? '?????????' ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???
??????? ?????? ????
01 ??????, 2021 ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? (RBI) ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????
???????, 1934 ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? 1 ??????, 1935 ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????
??? ??, ???? ???? 1937 ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? RBI ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????
???????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??, ????? ???? 1949 ??? RBI ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????
????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???
??????, ?? ????? ?? ????????/???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??
???????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???
???? ????
1 ??????, 2021 ?? ????? ??? 85??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? 1 ??????, 1936 ?? ??????
?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? 1947 ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??-??? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????
?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????
???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????
??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??, 250 ??? ????? ???? ?????
??? ???? ???? ???, ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????
????? ?????
??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? 1889 ???
???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??, ????? ????????
?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????
???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????-?????, ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????
???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? 1925 ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??
??????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? 130
???? ?????? ??? 30,000 ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???
????????? 3.5 ????? ????? ??? ?? 25,000 ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???
???? ????? ????? ???????
????-???? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? 2019 ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????
?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????
?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ‘??????? ?????? ??? ??????’ ??? ???? ????
???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? 1969 ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? 1969 ???
????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??? (????? ????), ?? ???
?? 10 ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??, ????? ??????, ??? ????, ??? ???????, ?????????? ??????? ???, ?????? ?????,
??????? ?????, ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????
?????? ??? ???? ???? 2018 ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???
?????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????
????? ????? ?? ??????????, ?? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??, ?? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ????
??? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? 470,955 ??????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??
????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???????, ????? ?? ???? 1,358 ?????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ??????
????? ?? 40 ??????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? 388 ?????????? ????? ???, ?????? ??????????
?? 27 ??????????, ??????? ?? 165 ??????????, ?????? ?? 23 ??????????, ??????? ?? 15 ??????????, ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????????
?? 19 ?????????? ????? ???? 5,569 ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ??, ????
20 ??, 1996 ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???
????? ????? ????????? ????
???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? 2 ?????? ?? ‘???? ????? ???????? ????’ ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??????
????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??
2 ??????, 2007 ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? (Autism) ?? ????????/????????, ?? ??????
??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???
?? ????????? (???? ???? ?????) ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????
????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??????
?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??, ????- ?? ??? ??? ?? ???-??? ????? ???? 2011 ?? ?????? ??? ???????, ??? ??? 19 ???? ?? ??
??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? 78,62,921 ??, ?????? ?? 5,95,089 ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????
?????? ????????-2021
????????? ??? '?????????' ??????? ??? ?????????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ‘??????
????????-2021’ (????? ?? ??? ???) ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????, ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? 50 ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???
??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???, ?? 4 ?????? ??
12 ??????, 2021 ?? ???? ????? ????, ????????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???
????? ???????, ??????, ?????, ????? ???, ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? 2021 ????????? ?? ???????? ??
50??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????????????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???? ?? ???? 1971
??? ???? ?? 50??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? 16 ??????, 1971 ?? ???? 93,000
?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ‘?????? ???????’ ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ?????????
??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???
??????-???? ?????????
?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??????-???? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? (????-2 ?? ????-4) ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???
???? ??? ???? ???? ??????-???? ?????????? ?? 14 ????????? ???? ???? ??? (?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??) ?? 22 ?????????
???? ?????? ??? (????? ?? ?????? ??) ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ????-1 ?? ???? 2018 ??? ??
????-3 ?? ???? 2019 ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?? 8,346 ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???
?????????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????, ?? ?? ??? 24 ???? ?? ???? ???, 10 ???????, ???? ????? ???, 95 ??????? ?? ????
???????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?? 4,500 ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????
?? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??
?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? 2.5 ???? ?? ???? 45 ???? ?? ??????
?????? ?????????? ???
???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ‘????? ????????? ???’ ?? ?????? ????,
??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????-??-???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????????
??? ???? ????????, ????-?????, ????, ????, ???? ????, ????? ??????????, ?????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??
?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????
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??????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ???????
?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??????
???????????? ??????????
???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ??? 2000 ??????
?? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???????, ???? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? 1000
?????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????????
??? 10,000 ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ????????????? ???
??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? 20,000 ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? 50,000 ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??
?? 17,082 ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???? 37.99 ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???
H1-B ????? ???????
??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????
???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? H1-B ????? ?? ??????? ??, ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ??
??? ?????? L-1 ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????
??? ???-??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???
H1-B ???? ?? ??????? ?? ‘???-?????????’ ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ??
???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????
????? ?? H1-B ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? H1-B ????? ?????? ‘????????? ??? ????????? ???’ ?? ???? 101(a) ?? 15(h)
??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???-????????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ??
??????????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???
Page 4
????? ?????
???-??? ???????: ??????? ?????
????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? (NAL) ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????????
????? ‘???-??? ??????’ ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????
??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????
???????? ???????? ?? ??? 30 ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????
2018 ??? ??? ??? ‘???-??? ??????’ ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???
??????? ?????? ??? ??? IFR-??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? 912 ???????
???? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????
???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ????? ???? 1959
??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? 1960 ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ???
??????? ????? 2020
????????? ?????? ????????? ??. ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? 2018 ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????
?????? ??????? ‘??????? ?????’ ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? 64 ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????
??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? 40 ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? 1991 ??? ???.???. ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? 10 ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????
???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? 10 ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????
????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??. ???????
?? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ?? ???????? ?????? ??, ?? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????
????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??. ??????? ??
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01 ??????, 2021 ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? (RBI) ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????
???????, 1934 ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? 1 ??????, 1935 ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????
??? ??, ???? ???? 1937 ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? RBI ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????
???????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??, ????? ???? 1949 ??? RBI ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????
????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???
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???? ????
1 ??????, 2021 ?? ????? ??? 85??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? 1 ??????, 1936 ?? ??????
?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? 1947 ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??-??? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????
?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????
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??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??, 250 ??? ????? ???? ?????
??? ???? ???? ???, ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????
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???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??, ????? ????????
?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????
???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????-?????, ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????
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??????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? 130
???? ?????? ??? 30,000 ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???
????????? 3.5 ????? ????? ??? ?? 25,000 ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???
???? ????? ????? ???????
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???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? 1969 ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? 1969 ???
????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??? (????? ????), ?? ???
?? 10 ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??, ????? ??????, ??? ????, ??? ???????, ?????????? ??????? ???, ?????? ?????,
??????? ?????, ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????
?????? ??? ???? ???? 2018 ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???
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????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???????, ????? ?? ???? 1,358 ?????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ??????
????? ?? 40 ??????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? 388 ?????????? ????? ???, ?????? ??????????
?? 27 ??????????, ??????? ?? 165 ??????????, ?????? ?? 23 ??????????, ??????? ?? 15 ??????????, ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????????
?? 19 ?????????? ????? ???? 5,569 ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ??, ????
20 ??, 1996 ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???
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????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??
2 ??????, 2007 ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? (Autism) ?? ????????/????????, ?? ??????
??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???
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?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??, ????- ?? ??? ??? ?? ???-??? ????? ???? 2011 ?? ?????? ??? ???????, ??? ??? 19 ???? ?? ??
??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? 78,62,921 ??, ?????? ?? 5,95,089 ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????
?????? ????????-2021
????????? ??? '?????????' ??????? ??? ?????????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ‘??????
????????-2021’ (????? ?? ??? ???) ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????, ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? 50 ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???
??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ????????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???, ?? 4 ?????? ??
12 ??????, 2021 ?? ???? ????? ????, ????????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???
????? ???????, ??????, ?????, ????? ???, ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? 2021 ????????? ?? ???????? ??
50??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????????????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???? ?? ???? 1971
??? ???? ?? 50??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? 16 ??????, 1971 ?? ???? 93,000
?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ‘?????? ???????’ ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ?????????
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???? ?????? ??? (????? ?? ?????? ??) ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ????-1 ?? ???? 2018 ??? ??
????-3 ?? ???? 2019 ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?? 8,346 ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???
?????????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????, ?? ?? ??? 24 ???? ?? ???? ???, 10 ???????, ???? ????? ???, 95 ??????? ?? ????
???????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?? 4,500 ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????
?? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??
?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? 2.5 ???? ?? ???? 45 ???? ?? ??????
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???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ??? 2000 ??????
?? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???????, ???? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? 1000
?????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????????
??? 10,000 ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ????????????? ???
??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? 20,000 ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? 50,000 ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??
?? 17,082 ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???? 37.99 ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???
H1-B ????? ???????
??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????
???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? H1-B ????? ?? ??????? ??, ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ??
??? ?????? L-1 ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????
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???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????
????? ?? H1-B ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? H1-B ????? ?????? ‘????????? ??? ????????? ???’ ?? ???? 101(a) ?? 15(h)
??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???-????????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ??
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?? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ‘?????? ????’ ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??, ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????
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??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? 2018 ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??, ?? ?? 500 ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??
??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???, ????? ???? ??????????
?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???, ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ‘??????’ ?? ???? ??? ‘????????? ??????????
?????? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????????’ (InSight) ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????
??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??, ?? 26 ?????, 2018 ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???
????? ?? ?????’ ?????
???? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? 1,500 ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????
???? ???? 100 ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????
(TRIFED) ????? ???? ?? ?? ‘????? ?? ?????’ ?????, ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??, ????? ?????? ???????? ????????????
???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? 1 ??????, 2021 ?? ???? ??? ?? 100 ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? 150
????????? ????? ???, ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? 10 ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ‘????? ?? ?????’ ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????????
?? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????, ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??
??????? ????? ??, ????? ??? ???? 1987 ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????
???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? 1988 ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???????-??????
?????, ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????, ?????, ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???
??????? ???????- ??????????? ?????
??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???????, 1881 ?? ???? 25 ??? ??? ??????? ?????? (14 ??????) ?? ????????? ?????
????? ???? ??? ???????, ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???????, ?? ???? ?? 14 ?????? ?? ????
Page 5
????? ?????
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????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? (NAL) ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????????
????? ‘???-??? ??????’ ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????
??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????
???????? ???????? ?? ??? 30 ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????
2018 ??? ??? ??? ‘???-??? ??????’ ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???
??????? ?????? ??? ??? IFR-??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? 912 ???????
???? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????
???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? (CSIR) ????? ???? 1959
??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? 1960 ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ???
??????? ????? 2020
????????? ?????? ????????? ??. ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? 2018 ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????
?????? ??????? ‘??????? ?????’ ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? 64 ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????
??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? 40 ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
???? 1991 ??? ???.???. ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? 10 ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????
???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? 10 ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????
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?? ?????? ?????? ‘?????’ ?? ???????? ?????? ??, ?? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????
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01 ??????, 2021 ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? (RBI) ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????
???????, 1934 ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? 1 ??????, 1935 ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????
??? ??, ???? ???? 1937 ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? RBI ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????
???????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??, ????? ???? 1949 ??? RBI ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????
????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???
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???? ?????? ??? 30,000 ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???
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????? ?? 40 ??????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? 388 ?????????? ????? ???, ?????? ??????????
?? 27 ??????????, ??????? ?? 165 ??????????, ?????? ?? 23 ??????????, ??????? ?? 15 ??????????, ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????????
?? 19 ?????????? ????? ???? 5,569 ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ??, ????
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2 ??????, 2007 ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? (Autism) ?? ????????/????????, ?? ??????
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?? 17,082 ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???? 37.99 ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???
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?? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ‘?????? ????’ ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??, ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????
??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ‘?????? ????’ ???????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????
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??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???, ????? ???? ??????????
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?????? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????????’ (InSight) ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????
??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??, ?? 26 ?????, 2018 ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???
????? ?? ?????’ ?????
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???? ???? 100 ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????
(TRIFED) ????? ???? ?? ?? ‘????? ?? ?????’ ?????, ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??, ????? ?????? ???????? ????????????
???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? 1 ??????, 2021 ?? ???? ??? ?? 100 ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? 150
????????? ????? ???, ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? 10 ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ‘????? ?? ?????’ ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????????
?? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????, ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??
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???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? 1988 ??? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???????-??????
?????, ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????, ?????, ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???
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??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???????, 1881 ?? ???? 25 ??? ??? ??????? ?????? (14 ??????) ?? ????????? ?????
????? ???? ??? ???????, ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???????, ?? ???? ?? 14 ?????? ?? ????
???????? ??????? ?????????? (?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???) ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? 14 ??????, 2021 ??
????????? ??????? ?? 130??? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? 14 ??????, 1891 ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???????
??????, ???? ???? ?? ????-??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ????
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?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? 1990 ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????
???? ??? ???
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???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? 300 ?????? ??????? ???? (???? 2,190 ????? ????) ?? ??? ??????
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(IBRD)- 105 ?????? ????, ?????? ???????? ????? ????- 105 ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????- 90 ?????? ???? ????? ??????
??? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ‘????? ????? ???? ???’ ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????
?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? 440 ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???
????????? ?? ???? ???? ‘?????? ???’ ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? 580 MLD ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????
?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ????????
???? ????????? ???
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????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ????,
???????? ???????, ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????, ?? ??????? ????????????? ?? ???? ???????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???
5 ??????, 1908 ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? (?????) ??? ??? ??? ???? 1928 ??? ?????? (?? ???????) ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????
????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? 1935 ??? ‘???? ??????? ????? ???? ????’ ?? ???? ???? ??? ???
?????? ???? ??, ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????
‘???????’ ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ????
????? ????? ???
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???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? 124 ??? ??? (2) ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????
????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????????? (CJI) ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??.???. ??? 24 ??????, 2021 ?? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ??
????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? 48??? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???, ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????, ????????
??? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????
????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? (SC) ??? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?????
??????? ??????? ??? ??????? 124 ??? ??? (2) ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ????
????????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? 1993 ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????
?? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ????
????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???????????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???
????? ??????? ????
??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? 07 ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????
?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??- ‘???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????’? ?? ???? ???
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Document Description: Miscellaneous (विविध): April 2021 UPSC Current Affairs for UPSC 2024 is part of Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily, Weekly & Monthly preparation.
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