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Page 1
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? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? G7 ?? G-11 ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ???
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Page 2
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? ?????? ?? ??? 2021 ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???
Page 3
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??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????
? ?????? ????: ?????? 2017 ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? 375 ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????
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??? ????????? ?? ??????-???????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ‘????’ (AUKUS) ????? ????? ???
? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? G7 ?? G-11 ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ???
? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????????????: ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???, ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??
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? ‘???? ??? ???? ???????’ (B3W) ??? 2021 ??? ???? ?? ??????? (G-7) ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ????????????
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? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ???:
? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (GSOMIA)
? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? (LEMOA-2016)
? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? (COMCASA-2018)
? ??-?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? (BECA-2020)
??? ?? ???
z ?????-??? ?? ?????????: ?? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? ????? ???????
?? ??? ? ???
z ???? ????? ???????: ???? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????-??? ????????????? ??? ??????? ?? ????
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???? ???????? ??????? ???????? (IONS) (???????? ?? ???????) ?? 7????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? 15-16
???????, 2021 ??? ?? ?? ??? ???
z IONS ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? 2008 ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??, ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??
??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ??? IONS ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???
?????? ?????
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? ‘???? ???????? ??????? ????????’ (IONS) ?? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??, ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????
???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???
? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? (HADR) ????????? ????
?? ?? ????? ???? ???
? ‘???? ???????? ??????? ????????’ (IONS) ?? ??????? ???? (2008-10), ??????? ??? ?????? (2010-12), ????? ??????
(2012-14), ????????? (2014-16), ????????? (2016-18) ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? (2018-21) ????? ?? ?? ???
? ?????? ?? ??? 2021 ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???
???? ???:
z IONS ??? 24 ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ????? (Indian Ocean Region- IOR) ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???
?????? 8 ??????????? ??? ????? ????
z ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ??-??????? ??? ????? ??? ??:
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? ????? ?????? ??????? ??: ????, ????, ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???????
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? ?????-??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??: ?????????, ??????????, ???????, ???????, ?????????, ??????? ?? ?????-??????
???? ?? ???? ?????:
z IONS ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???????????????? ?? ???? ???? ??:
? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????
? ???? ??????? ??????? (Net Security Provider) ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?????
? IOR ??? ????-?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?????
? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????? (Straits of Malacca) ??? ??????? (Hormuz) ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?????
???? ??? ??? ??????
? IONS ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????????????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???
z IOR ??? ???? ??? ???????????? ?????/???:
? ???? ???????? ??? ??????????: ???? ???????? ??? ?????????? (IORA) ?? ?????? ?????? 1997 ??? ??? ???
? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???
? ???? ???????? ????: ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ??????????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??, ?? ?? ????-
??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????-?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???????-???????? (Maritime Governance) ??
???? ??? ????? ???? ???
? 'SAGAR' (???? ?????????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??????????): ???? ?????? 2015 ??? ???? ???? ??? ???
? ????? (Security and Growth for All in the Region- SAGAR) ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????????
????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????
???? ????? ???
? '???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????' (IFC-IOR): ???? ???? ????? ?????? 2018 ??? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???
?????? ???? ??? ???
? ?????-?????? ???????? ???????: ?????? 2016 ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?????-?????? ???????? ???????
(Asia Africa Growth Corridor- AAGC) ?? ??????? ???? ???
? AAGC ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ?????????????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????????, ????? ??? ???? ?????
????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???
? ???????? (?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???): ?? ??-??????? ?????? ?????? 1997 ??? ??????
????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????
? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????; ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? IOR ???
????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???
Page 4
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??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????
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? ‘???? ??? ???? ???????’ (B3W) ??? 2021 ??? ???? ?? ??????? (G-7) ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ????????????
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? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (GSOMIA)
? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? (LEMOA-2016)
? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? (COMCASA-2018)
? ??-?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? (BECA-2020)
??? ?? ???
z ?????-??? ?? ?????????: ?? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? ????? ???????
?? ??? ? ???
z ???? ????? ???????: ???? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????-??? ????????????? ??? ??????? ?? ????
?????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???????
???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????
???? ???????? ??????? ???????? (IONS) (???????? ?? ???????) ?? 7????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? 15-16
???????, 2021 ??? ?? ?? ??? ???
z IONS ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? 2008 ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??, ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??
??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ??? IONS ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???
?????? ?????
z ?????:
? ‘???? ???????? ??????? ????????’ (IONS) ?? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??, ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????
???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???
? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? (HADR) ????????? ????
?? ?? ????? ???? ???
? ‘???? ???????? ??????? ????????’ (IONS) ?? ??????? ???? (2008-10), ??????? ??? ?????? (2010-12), ????? ??????
(2012-14), ????????? (2014-16), ????????? (2016-18) ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? (2018-21) ????? ?? ?? ???
? ?????? ?? ??? 2021 ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???
???? ???:
z IONS ??? 24 ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ????? (Indian Ocean Region- IOR) ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???
?????? 8 ??????????? ??? ????? ????
z ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ??-??????? ??? ????? ??? ??:
? ????? ?????? ??????? ??: ?????????, ????, ????????, ????????, ????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? (?????? ???? ????????
?????)?
? ????? ?????? ??????? ??: ????, ????, ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???????
? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??: ??????? (????????), ?????, ???????, ????????, ????? ?????? ?? ?????????
? ?????-??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??: ?????????, ??????????, ???????, ???????, ?????????, ??????? ?? ?????-??????
???? ?? ???? ?????:
z IONS ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???????????????? ?? ???? ???? ??:
? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????
? ???? ??????? ??????? (Net Security Provider) ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?????
? IOR ??? ????-?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?????
? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????? (Straits of Malacca) ??? ??????? (Hormuz) ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?????
???? ??? ??? ??????
? IONS ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????????????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???
z IOR ??? ???? ??? ???????????? ?????/???:
? ???? ???????? ??? ??????????: ???? ???????? ??? ?????????? (IORA) ?? ?????? ?????? 1997 ??? ??? ???
? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???
? ???? ???????? ????: ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ??????????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??, ?? ?? ????-
??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????-?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???????-???????? (Maritime Governance) ??
???? ??? ????? ???? ???
? 'SAGAR' (???? ?????????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??????????): ???? ?????? 2015 ??? ???? ???? ??? ???
? ????? (Security and Growth for All in the Region- SAGAR) ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????????
????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????
???? ????? ???
? '???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????' (IFC-IOR): ???? ???? ????? ?????? 2018 ??? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???
?????? ???? ??? ???
? ?????-?????? ???????? ???????: ?????? 2016 ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?????-?????? ???????? ???????
(Asia Africa Growth Corridor- AAGC) ?? ??????? ???? ???
? AAGC ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ?????????????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????????, ????? ??? ???? ?????
????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???
? ???????? (?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???): ?? ??-??????? ?????? ?????? 1997 ??? ??????
????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????
? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????; ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? IOR ???
????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???
?????? ??????
????? ??? ?????
??? ?? ??? ??????????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????
z ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???
?????? ?????:
z ???? ???????????:
? ???????????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????????? ??? ????? ??? ? ????
? ??????????? ?? ?????????????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????
? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???
? ?????? 2020 ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????
???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ?????? (IN-SPACe) ?????
? ???????, ???????????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????
? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????, ?????, ???????, ?????, ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???
z ???? ????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ??????????:
? ????, ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???
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?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? (UPI) ??? ??? ???????
? ??????, ?????, ?????????, ?????????, ????????????, ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??????
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? ??????, ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???
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? ??????: ??????????? ?-??????????? (GeM), ????-???????? ????
? ????, ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???
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????? ????? ?? ????? ????
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z ??????? ?????? ???:
? ??????? ?????? ??? (EEF) ?? ?????? ?????? 2015 ??? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ???
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Page 5
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? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (GSOMIA)
? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? (LEMOA-2016)
? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? (COMCASA-2018)
? ??-?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? (BECA-2020)
??? ?? ???
z ?????-??? ?? ?????????: ?? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? ????? ???????
?? ??? ? ???
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???? ???????? ??????? ???????? (IONS) (???????? ?? ???????) ?? 7????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? 15-16
???????, 2021 ??? ?? ?? ??? ???
z IONS ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? 2008 ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??, ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??
??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ??? IONS ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???
?????? ?????
z ?????:
? ‘???? ???????? ??????? ????????’ (IONS) ?? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??, ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????
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?? ?? ????? ???? ???
? ‘???? ???????? ??????? ????????’ (IONS) ?? ??????? ???? (2008-10), ??????? ??? ?????? (2010-12), ????? ??????
(2012-14), ????????? (2014-16), ????????? (2016-18) ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? (2018-21) ????? ?? ?? ???
? ?????? ?? ??? 2021 ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???
???? ???:
z IONS ??? 24 ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ????? (Indian Ocean Region- IOR) ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???
?????? 8 ??????????? ??? ????? ????
z ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ??-??????? ??? ????? ??? ??:
? ????? ?????? ??????? ??: ?????????, ????, ????????, ????????, ????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? (?????? ???? ????????
?????)?
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???? ?? ???? ?????:
z IONS ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???????????????? ?? ???? ???? ??:
? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????
? ???? ??????? ??????? (Net Security Provider) ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?????
? IOR ??? ????-?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?????
? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????? (Straits of Malacca) ??? ??????? (Hormuz) ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?????
???? ??? ??? ??????
? IONS ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????????????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???
z IOR ??? ???? ??? ???????????? ?????/???:
? ???? ???????? ??? ??????????: ???? ???????? ??? ?????????? (IORA) ?? ?????? ?????? 1997 ??? ??? ???
? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???
? ???? ???????? ????: ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ??????????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??, ?? ?? ????-
??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????-?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???????-???????? (Maritime Governance) ??
???? ??? ????? ???? ???
? 'SAGAR' (???? ?????????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??????????): ???? ?????? 2015 ??? ???? ???? ??? ???
? ????? (Security and Growth for All in the Region- SAGAR) ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????????
????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????
???? ????? ???
? '???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????' (IFC-IOR): ???? ???? ????? ?????? 2018 ??? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???
?????? ???? ??? ???
? ?????-?????? ???????? ???????: ?????? 2016 ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?????-?????? ???????? ???????
(Asia Africa Growth Corridor- AAGC) ?? ??????? ???? ???
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????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???
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????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????
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z ??????? ?????? ???:
? ??????? ?????? ??? (EEF) ?? ?????? ?????? 2015 ??? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ???
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z ??? ??? ?? ???????????? ??????? (International Court of Justice- ICJ) ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????
??? ???
z ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? "??????" ??? ??? ICJ ?? ???? ?? ‘?????: ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????’ ???? ????
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? ????????: 51 ??????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????, ?????? ?? ?????? 2017 ??? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????
?? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???
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???? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ICJ ?? ???????? ????????
? ICJ ??????: ?????? 2019 ??? ICJ ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? "????????? ??????? ??
????????????" ???? ?? ???? ???? ???
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? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ICJ ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??????? (??????? ??
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z ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????: ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????
???????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? 2019 ?? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ???
z ?????????? ????? ?? ???????? ????: ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???
?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?? ?????
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Document Description: International Relations (अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संबंध): November 2021 UPSC Current Affairs for UPSC 2024 is part of Current Affairs (Hindi): Daily, Weekly & Monthly preparation.
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