AIR- Strengthening India-Bhutan Relations | Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - UPSC PDF Download

Introduction

• India and Bhutan share a special relationship based on history, culture, and strategic ties.
• This bond has grown over time, covering areas like trade, education, security, and hydropower.

Relations in the Past

• The friendship between India and Bhutan dates back centuries, with mutual respect.
• The 1949 Treaty of Friendship laid the foundation for their enduring partnership.
• India played a crucial role in Bhutan's modernization and democratization.
• Both nations have aligned on various foreign policy issues, including concerns about China's Belt and Road Initiative.

Hydropower Projects

• Delays in projects by Indian companies have increased Bhutan's national debt.
• Bhutan's hydropower sector faces challenges due to India's surplus power and other renewable energy sources.
• Cooperation is needed to avoid debt-related issues.

Trade and Commerce

• Economic cooperation is central to their relations, with India as Bhutan's largest trading partner.
• Both countries aim to boost bilateral trade through agreements like the 2016 Trade, Commerce, and Transit Agreement.

Strategic Partnership

• Both nations collaborate on defense matters due to shared security concerns.
• India supports Bhutan's security for territorial integrity.
• The relationship is guided by principles like Panchsheel and Gujral doctrine.
• Steps need to be taken to ensure a stable and prosperous future.

Future/Way Forward

• Deepen strategic cooperation on security and defense.
• Enhance economic engagement beyond hydropower.
• Promote cultural exchanges and tourism for mutual understanding.
• Invest in infrastructure for improved connectivity.

Conclusion

• India-Bhutan relations reflect a strong friendship and cooperation.
• The partnership should be further developed for mutual benefits.