Adverb - English Grammar Basic - Class 10

An Adverb is a word which modifies the meaning of a verb, an Adjective or another Adverb.

As,

Sunita runs slowly.
                         ↓
                       Verb
Sheela is very beautiful.
                   ↓            ↓
                Adv.         Adj.
 Sita reads quite clearly.
                    ↓         ↓
                   Adv.    Adv.

Kinds of Adverb

Adverbs may be divided into the following classes :
(1) Adverbs of Time
(2) Adverbs of Place.
(3) Adverbs of Frequency.
(4) Adverbs of Manner.
(5) Adverbs of Degree or Quantity.
(6) Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation.
(7) Adverbs of Reason.
(8) Relative Adverbs.
(9) Interrogative Adverbs.
(10) Exclamatory Adverbs.

(1) Adverbs of Time

Adverbs of Time includes today, yesterday, late, ago, now, then, soon, before, daily, already, formerly, lately, never, since etc.
As,
He will write a letter today.
I went there yesterday.
That he arrived late.
He called a few minutes ago.
We will now begin to sing.
After he came then we started the party.
The end soon came.
I have heard this before.
He comes here daily.
We have met with the President already.
Mr. Simon formerly lived here.
I had a letter from him lately.
Wasted time never returns.
I have not seen him since 1988.

(2) Adverbs of Place

Adverbs of Place includes here, there, everywhere, in, out, up, backward, away, within etc.

As,
Come here
Go there.
The pet dog followed his master everywhere.

Please, come in.
The doctor is out.
The balloon went up the sky.
The horse moved backward.
The boy ran away.
The train will start within a minute.

(3) Adverbs of Frequency

Adverbs of Frequency includes again, never, ever, often, seldom, once, twice, frequently, always etc.

As,
The postman called again.
I have never seen the Taj.
He often makes mistake.
She seldom visits me.
He came once to see me.
He told me twice the answer.
The boy frequently comes unprepared.
He always tries to help me.

(4) Adverbs of Manner

Adverbs of Manner includes clearly, slowly, soundly, bravely, thus, so, well, hard, agreeably etc.

As,
Seema writes clearly.
Slowly the old man was laid down.
The man slept soundly.
The Indian Army fought bravely.
Thus, we come to the conclusion.
Is it so ?
The story is well narrated.
It is hard to believe his story.
I was agreeably disappointed.

(5) Adverbs of Degree or Quantity

Adverbs of Degree or Quantity includes any, quite, rather, pretty, partly, too, enough, altogether, no better, so, fully, almost, very etc.

As,
Is there any news of hijackers?
You are quite wrong in this matter.

I am rather busy.
She sings pretty well.
His answer is partly right.
The boy is too careless.
The man is good enough for the purpose.
You are altogether mistaken.
Things are no better at present.
I am so glad to find your presence here.
He is fully prepared for the performance.
These mangoes are almost ripe.
It is a very chilly weather.

(6) Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation

Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation includes surely, certainly, not etc.

As,
Surely you have committed a mistake.
He will certainly come here.
I do not know him.

(7) Adverbs of Reason

Adverbs of Reason includes therefore, hence etc.

As,
The boy therefore went to his home.
Therefore the answer is 2000.
Hence is to pay the debt.
He is hence unable to refute the charge.

(8) Relative Adverbs

Relative Adverbs includes when, how, where and why etc.

As,
When did he arrive?
That was the time when I was at home.
I remember the house where I was born.
Where has he gone?
Tell me the reason why you left?
This is the way how you can do it.

(9) Interrogative Adverbs

The adverbs when, how and where are used in asking questions and are therefore called Interrogative Adverbs. 

As,
When did you go to bed yesterday?
How did you come inside the gate?
Where did you get the money?

(10) Exclamatory Adverbs

The adverbs why and how are used in exclamations and so, are called Exclamatory Adverbs.

As,
How wonderful the scenery is!
Why, where is the miller?
In a nutshell,

Adverbs of Time is one which show when.

Adverbs of Frequency is one which show how often.

Adverbs of Place is one which show where.

Adverbs of Manner is one which show how or in what manner.

Adverbs of Degree or Quantity show how much or in what degree or to what extent.

Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation affirms and negates the expression.

Adverbs of Reason show us the cause or effect.

Relative Adverbs show the point of time, place and manner.

Interrogative Adverbs are used in asking questions which also point out time, place and manner in their answers.

Exclamatory Adverbs are used to express exclamations.

Forms of Adverbs

In a few cases some adverbs are the same in form as the corresponding adjectives. They are sometimes used as adjectives and sometimes as adverbs.

As,