Adverb | English Grammar Basic - Class 10 PDF Download

What is an Adverb?

An Adverb is a word that modifies the meaning of a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
For example:

• In the sentence "Sunita runs  slowly," the word "slowly" is an adverb that modifies the verb "runs."
• In the sentence "Sheela is  very  beautiful," the word "very" is an adverb that modifies the adjective "beautiful."
• In the sentence "Sita reads quite clearly," the word "quite" is an adverb that modifies another adverb "clearly."

Kinds of Adverbs

Adverbs can be divided into the following classes:

1. Adverbs of Time
2. Adverbs of Place
3. Adverbs of Frequency
4. Adverbs of Manner
5. Adverbs of Degree or Quantity
6. Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation
7. Adverbs of Reason
8. Relative Adverbs
9. Interrogative Adverbs
10. Exclamatory Adverbs

(1) Adverbs of Time

Adverbs of Time provide information about when an action takes place.

Examples:

• Today, yesterday, late, ago, now, then, soon, before, daily, already, formerly, lately, never, since

Sentences:

• He will write a letter today.
• I went there yesterday.
• He arrived late.
• He called a few minutes ago.
• We will now begin to sing.
• The end soon came.
• I have heard this before.
• He comes here daily.
• We have met with the President already.
• Mr. Simon formerly lived here.
• I had a letter from him lately.
• Wasted time never returns.
• I have not seen him since 1988.

(2) Adverbs of Place

Adverbs of Place provide information about where an action takes place.

Examples:

• Here, there, everywhere, in, out, up, backward, away, within

Sentences:

• Come here.
• Go there.
• The pet dog followed his master everywhere.
• Please, come in.
• The doctor is out.
• The balloon went up the sky.
• The horse moved backward.
• The boy ran away.
• The train will start within a minute.

(3) Adverbs of Frequency

Adverbs of Frequency tell us how often something happens.

Examples:

• Again, never, ever, often, seldom, once, twice, frequently, always

Sentences:

• The postman called again.
• I have never seen the Taj.
• He often makes mistakes.
• She seldom visits me.
• He came once to see me.
• He told me twice the answer.
• The boy frequently comes unprepared.
• He always tries to help me.

(4) Adverbs of Manner

Adverbs of Manner describe how an action is performed.

Examples:

• Clearly, slowly, soundly, bravely, thus, so, well, hard, agreeably

Sentences:

• Seema writes clearly.
• Slowly, the old man was laid down.
• The man slept soundly.
• The Indian Army fought bravely.
• Thus, we come to the conclusion.
• Is it so?
• The story is well narrated.
• It is hard to believe his story.
• I was agreeably disappointed.

(5) Adverbs of Degree or Quantity

Adverbs of Degree express the extent or degree to which something happens.

Examples:

• Any, quite, rather, pretty, partly, too, enough, altogether, no better, so, fully, almost, very

Sentences:

• Is there any news of hijackers?
• You are quite wrong in this matter.
• I am rather busy.
• She sings pretty well.
• His answer is partly right.
• The boy is too careless.
• The man is good enough for the purpose.
• You are altogether mistaken.
• Things are no better at present.
• I am so glad to find your presence here.
• He is fully prepared for the performance.
• These mangoes are almost ripe.
• It is a very chilly weather.

(6) Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation

Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation are used to confirm or deny something.

Examples:

• Surely, certainly, not

Sentences:

• Surely, you have committed a mistake.
• He will certainly come here.
• I do not know him.

(7) Adverbs of Reason

Adverbs of Reason provide an explanation for why something happens.

Examples:

• Therefore, hence

Sentences:

• The boy therefore went to his home.
• Therefore, the answer is 2000.
• Hence, he is to pay the debt.
• He is hence unable to refute the charge.

(8) Relative Adverbs

Relative Adverbs are used to connect clauses or sentences.

Examples:

• When, how, where, why

Sentences:

• When did he arrive?
• That was the time when I was at home.
• I remember the house where I was born.
• Where has he gone?
• Tell me the reason why you left?
• This is the way how you can do it.

(9) Interrogative Adverbs

Interrogative Adverbs are used to ask questions.

Examples:

• When, how, where

Sentences:

• When did you go to bed yesterday?
• How did you come inside the gate?
• Where did you get the money?

(10) Exclamatory Adverbs

Exclamatory Adverbs are used to express strong emotion.

Examples:

• Why, how

Sentences:

• How wonderful the scenery is!
• Why, where is the miller?

Forms of Adverbs

Some adverbs are the same in form as their corresponding adjectives.

Examples:

Summary

• Adverbs of Time indicate when something happens.
• Adverbs of Frequency indicate how often something happens.
• Adverbs of Place indicate where something happens.
• Adverbs of Manner indicate how or in what manner something happens.
• Adverbs of Degree or Quantity indicate how much or to what extent something happens.
• Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation confirm or deny something.
• Adverbs of Reason indicate why something happens.
• Relative Adverbs connect clauses or sentences.
• Interrogative Adverbs are used to ask questions.
• Exclamatory Adverbs express strong emotion.