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Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Carbolic Acid Poisoning | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC PDF Download

Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning

  • Insect-killing substances such as pesticides, insecticides, and rodenticides.
  • Powdery substances like Cephlos, Alphos, and Quickphos in a white form.
  • Characterized by a strong smell reminiscent of garlic.
  • Lethal dosage ranges from 1 to 3 grams.
  • Hindrance of Cytochrome oxidase activity.
  • The utilization of the Silver Nitrate Test.

Rice Tablet

Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Carbolic Acid Poisoning | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC

Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Carbolic Acid Poisoning | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC

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Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Carbolic Acid Poisoning | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC

Question for Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Carbolic Acid Poisoning
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What is the lethal dosage range of Aluminum Phosphide poisoning?
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Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning-Repeats

Q1: Enumerate 7 (Seven) common insecticides used in India. Describe the symptoms, signs, and treatment and post-mortem findings in a case of Aluminum phosphide poisoning. (2011) 

Q2: A young female has consumed aluminum phosphide. Describe the symptoms, signs and management of such poisoning (2015) 

Q3: Write a short note on the management of a case of aluminum phosphide poisoning. (2018)

Carbolic Acid Poisoning

Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Carbolic Acid Poisoning | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC

Diagnostic Procedure: Add 1 milliliter of 10% ferric chloride to 10 milliliters of urine; observe the formation of a persistent purple or blue color even upon heating.

Postmortem Observations:

  • Erosions present at the angle of the mouth, chin, and front of the body.
  • Notable phenolic odor detected.
  • Erosion observed in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and larynx.
  • Presence of pulmonary edema.
  • Stomach exhibits a leathery texture with hardening of the stomach wall; marked erosions are evident. The color of the mucous membrane of the stomach is Buff/White.
  • Hemorrhagic nephritis.

Question for Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Carbolic Acid Poisoning
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What are the postmortem observations in a case of carbolic acid poisoning?
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Carbolic Acid Poisoning-Repeats 

Q: A young female has consumed carbolic acid accidentally. How will you establish the diagnosis and treat the patient? Describe the expected post-mortem findings in the event of death of such a patient. (2014)

The document Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Carbolic Acid Poisoning | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC is a part of the UPSC Course Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC.
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FAQs on Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning, Carbolic Acid Poisoning - Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC

1. What are the symptoms of aluminum phosphide poisoning?
Ans. Symptoms of aluminum phosphide poisoning may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, chest pain, and altered mental status. In severe cases, it can lead to respiratory failure, heart arrhythmias, and even death.
2. How is aluminum phosphide poisoning treated?
Ans. The treatment for aluminum phosphide poisoning involves immediate removal of the poison from the stomach through gastric lavage or induced vomiting. Supportive care is provided, including administration of oxygen, intravenous fluids, and medications to manage symptoms such as nausea and chest pain. In some cases, antidotes such as magnesium sulfate or sodium bicarbonate may be used.
3. What are the potential long-term effects of carbolic acid poisoning?
Ans. Carbolic acid poisoning can cause severe burns, tissue damage, and scarring. Long-term effects may include disfigurement, loss of function in the affected area, and psychological trauma. Ingestion of carbolic acid can also damage internal organs, leading to complications such as kidney or liver damage.
4. How is carbolic acid poisoning diagnosed?
Ans. Carbolic acid poisoning is diagnosed based on clinical symptoms, history of exposure to the acid, and physical examination findings. Laboratory tests, such as blood tests and urine analysis, may be done to assess the extent of organ damage. Imaging studies, such as X-rays or CT scans, may be performed to evaluate the extent of tissue damage.
5. Can aluminum phosphide or carbolic acid poisoning be prevented?
Ans. Yes, both aluminum phosphide and carbolic acid poisoning can be prevented. Proper storage and handling of these substances, as well as using appropriate protective equipment when working with them, can reduce the risk of exposure. Educating individuals about the dangers and proper precautions can also help prevent accidental poisoning.
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