Analogy - Reasoning for CLAT Preparation CLAT Notes | EduRev

Introduction

• The word Analogy is a Noun which literally means a similar feature, condition, state etc. shared by two things that are compared. Questions on Verbal Analogy judge your ability to understand the diverse relationship between various elements, things, phenomena, acts, terms, etc., in their proper context. Such questions are aimed at testing the candidate’s overall knowledge, power of reasoning and the ability to think conclusively and logically. Example of Analogy
• A candidate can develop and improve his ability to judge conclusively through sufficient practice and awareness. 
• The questions are also a test of general knowledge of the student.

➢ State and Capital Relationship

• Example:  “Delhi” is related to “India” in the same way as “London” is related to?
  (a) Germany
  (b) England
  (c) Canada
  (d) France                            
  Solution. (b) Delhi is the capital of India. Similarly, London is the capital of England.
• Example: “Tamil Nadu” is related to “Chennai” in the same way as “Punjab” is related to? 
  (a) Bangalore
  (b) Chennai
  (c) Madurai
  (d) Chandigarh
  Solution. (d) Tamil Nadu and Punjab are two states of India. Chennai is the capital of Tamil Nadu.  Similarly, Chandigarh is the capital of Punjab. 

➢ Country and Currency Relationship

• Example: “Italy is related to “Lira” in the same way as “China” is related to    
  (a) Shekel                                              
  (b) Renminbi                    
  (c) Krone                      
  (d) Dollar
  Solution. (b) "Italy” is a country and its currency was called Lira. Similarly, the currency of China is Renminbi.

➢ Country and Name of The Parliament

• Example: “India” is related to “Parliament” in the same way as “Japan” is related to 
  (a) Majlis                                              
  (b) National Assembly        
  (c) Althing            
  (d) Diet
  Solution. (d) Japan’s Parliament is called Diet.

➢ Country and It's National Games/Sports

• Example: “Hockey” is related to “India” in the same way as “Baseball” is related to 
  (a) Australia                          
  (b) Canada                  
  (c) USA                          
  (d) China                                              
  Solution. (c)
  Hockey is the National Game of India. Similarly, Baseball is the National Game of USA,

➢ Gender (Male and Female)

• Example 6.  “Dog” is related to “Bitch” in the same way as “Tiger” is related to
  (a) Tigris  
  (b) Tigress
  (c) Panther
  (d) Cub 
  Solution (b) “Here Male-Female relationship has been shown. Dog is male and its female counterpart is bitch. In similar way, Tiger is male and its female counterpart is Tigress.”

➢ Animal & Young One Relationship

• Example 7. ‘Chicken’ is related to ‘Hen’ in the same way as ‘Kitten’ is related to ………….. 
  (a) Dog                                  
  (b) Cat                                  
  (c) Duck                                
  (d) Swan
  Solution. (b) “Here, animal and young one relationship has been shown. Chicken is the young one of hen. In same way, kitten is young one of cat.”
• Example 8. “Pony” is related to “Horse” in the same way as “puppy” is related to
  (a) Horse
  (b) Cattle
  (c) Kangaroo
  (d) Dog
  Solution. (d) “Here, animal and young one relationship has been shown. Pony is young one of Horse. In the same way, Puppy is young one of Dog.”

➢ Animal and Its Trait

• Example 9.  “Barking” is related to “dog” in the same way as “roar” is related to 
  (a) Sheep                              
  (b) Goat  
  (c) Wolf
  (d) Lion                        
  Solution. (d) “The sound of dog is called barking. Similarly, the sound made by Lion is known as roaring.”

➢ Animal and its habitat 

• Example 10. “Stable” is related to “Horse” in the same way as “Nest” is related to 
  (a) Darkness            
  (b) Bird                                              
  (c) Forest                              
  (d) Animal
  Solution. (b)  “The living place of horse is called stable and the same way bird’s living place is called nest.”

➢ Worker and Working Place

• Example 11.  “Court” is related to “Lawyers” in the same way as “School” is related to
  (a) Wards                              
  (b) Beds                                
  (c) Teachers          
  (d) Patients
  Solution. (c)  “Lawyers plead in the court and Teacher teach in the school. Thus, this question is based on worker-working place relationship.”

➢ Tools and Action Relationship

• Example 12.  “Spade” is related to “dig” in the same way as “Axe” is related to
  (a) Carve                        
  (b) Cut                                          
  (c) Grip                  
  (d) Amplify                   
  Solution (b)    “Spade is used for digging. Similarly, Axe is used to cut the trees.

Important Relationships

1. Instrument and Measurement

• Thermometer - Temperature
• Anemometer - Wind vane
• Odometer - Speed
• Scale - Length
• Balance  - Mass
• Sphygmomanometer - Blood Pressure
• Rain Gauge - Rain
• Hygrometer - Humidity
• Ammeter - Current
• Screw Gauge - Thickness
• Seismograph - Earthquakes
• Taseometer - Strains

2. Quantity and Unit

• Mass - Kilogram 
• Energy - Joule 
• Volume - Litre 
• Power - Watt 
• Work - Joule 
• Area - Hectare 
• Force - Newton 
• Resistance - Ohm
• Angle - Radians 
• Potential - Volt 
• Current - Ampere 
• Temperature - Degrees

3. Individual and Group

• Grape - Bunch of Grapes
• Key - Bunch of Keys
• Flower - Bunch of Flowers
• Stick - Bundle of Stick
• Mountain - Chain of Mountains
• Sheep - Flock of Sheep
• Bird - Flight of Birds
• Star - Galaxy of Stars
• Tree - Grove of Trees
• Labourer - Gang of Labourers
• Deer - Herd of Deer
• Swine - Herd of Swine
• Bee - Hive of Bees
• Cattle - Herd of Cattle
• Ruin - Heap of Ruins
• Stone - Heap of Stones
• Sand - Heap of Sand
• Hound - Pack of hounds
• Shoes - Pair of Shoes
• Hill - Range of Hills
• Event - Series of Events
• Fly - Swarm of flies
• Horse - Troop of Horses

4. Animal and Young One

• Cow - Calf
• Cat - Kitten
• Butterfly - Caterpillar
• Dog - Puppy
• Lion - Cub
• Man - Child
• Wolf - Cub
• Goat - Kid
• Fox - Cub
• Horse - Pony
• Sheep - Lamb
• Insect - Larva
• Hen - Chicken
• Duck - Duckling
• Bear - Cub
• Deer - Fawn
• Frog - Tadpole
• Stag - Fawn

5. Word and Intensity

• Anger - Rage
• Kindle - Burn
• Quarrel - War
• Famous - Renowned
• Refuse - Deny
• Moist - Drench
• Wish - Desire
• Sink - Drown
• Error - Blunder
• Unhappy - Sad
• Crime - Sin

6. Male and Female

• Horse - Mare
• Stag - Doe
• Lion - Lioness
• Husband - Wife
• Nephew - Niece
• Bull - Cow
• Gander - Goose
• Wizard - Witch
• Cock - Hen
• Stallion - MAre
• Tiger - Tigress
• Actor - Actress
• Author - Authoress
• Prince - Princess
• Earl - Countess
• Dog - Bitch
• Boy - Girl
• Drone - Bee
• Gentleman - Lady
• Bear - She-bear
• Fox - Vixen
• Duck - Drake
• Bridegroom - Bride
• Waiter - Waitress
• Monk - Nun
• Master - Mistress
• King - Queen
• Leopard - Leopardess
• Ram - Ewe
• Fiancé - Fiancée

7. Individual and Class

• Lizard - Reptile
• Ostrich - Bird
• Butterfly - Insect
• Rat - Rodent
• Man - Mammal
• Snake - Reptile
• Whale - Mammal
• Fish - Pisces

8. Homes/Dwelling Places

9. Study and Topic

• Ornithology - Birds
• Botany - Plants
• Entomology - Insects
• Oology - Eggs
• Virology - Viruses
• Herpetology - Amphibians
• Pathology - Diseases
• Palaeography - Writings
• Cardiology - Heart
• Haematology - Blood
• Mycology - Fungi
• Malacology - Molluscs
• Taxonomy - Classification
• Orography - Mountains
• Eccrinology - Secretions
• Nidology - Nests
• Astronomy - Heavenly Bodies
• Seismology - Earthquakes
• Onomatology - Names
• Zoology - Animals 

10. Worker and Tool

• Blacksmith - Anvil
• Woodcutter - Axe
• Labourer - Spade
• Sculptor - Chisel
• Chef - Knife
• Doctor - Stethoscope
• Surgeon - Scalpel
• Warrior - Sword
• Carpenter - Saw
• Tailor - Needle

11.Tool and Action

• Needle - sew
• Sword - Slaughter
• Filter - Purify
• Pen - Write
• Spoon - Feed
• Gun - Shoot
• Chisel - Carve
• Axe - Cut
• Loudspeaker - Amplify

12. Worker and Working Place

• Chef - Kitchen
• Warrior - Battlefield
• Sailor - Ship
• Doctor - Hospital
• Servant - House
• Artist - Theater
• Actor - Stage
• Lawyer - Court
• Beautician - Parlour
• Painter - Gallery

13. Worker and Product

• Mason - Wall
• Hunter - Prey
• Butcher - Meat
• Cobbler - Shoes
• Poet - Poem
• Teacher - Education
• Judge - Justice
• Farmer - Crop
• Author - Book
• Architect - Design
• Dramatist - Play
• Tailor - Clothes
• Chef - Food
• Producer - Film

14. Product and Raw Material

• Prism - Glass
• Wall - Brick
• Shoes - Leather
• Metal - Ore
• Jaggery - Sugarcane
• Fabric - Yarn
• Road - Asphalt
• Sack - Jute
• Paper - Pulp
• Oil - Seed
• Butter - Milk
• Furniture - Wood
• Pullover - Wool
• Rubber - Latex
• Wine - Grapes
• Cloth - Fibre
• Book - Paper
• Linen - Flax
• Jewellery - Gold
• Paper - Pulp

15. Part and Whole Relationship

• Pen - Nib
• House - Kitchen
• Class - Student
• Book - Chapter
• Computer - Mouse
• Garden - Plants
• Pencil - Lead
• Computer - Monitor
• Room - Window
• Airplane - Cockpit
• Flower - Petal
• Fruit - Seed

16. Animal and Sound

•  Assess - Bray
• Bees - Hum
• Camels - Grunt
• Cattle - Low
• Crows - Crow
• Elephant - Trumpet
• Flies - Buzz
• Hawks - Scream
• Monkeys - Chatter
• Lambs - Bleat
• Nightingale - Sing
• Bears - Growl

17. Where Persons, Things, Animals, Etc Are Kept, Grown, Exhibited, Stored

• Airplanes are kept in a hangar.
• Athletic competitions are held in a stadium.
• Athletic exercises are performed in a gymnasium.
• Astronomical observations are made in an observatory.
• Bees are kept in an apiary.
• Clothes are kept in a wardrobe.
• Dead bodies are buried in a cemetery.
• Dead bodies are cremated in a crematorium.
• Fishes are kept in an aquarium.
• Fruit trees are grown in an orchard.
• Gas is stored in a cylinder.
• Goods are stored in a depot.
• Grains are stored in a granary.
• Grapes are grown in a vineyard.
• Guns are kept in an armoury.
• Medicines are compounded in a dispensary.
• Motorcars are kept in a garage.
• Scientific experiments are conducted in a laboratory.
• Sick people are treated in a hospital.
• Young plants grow in a nursery.

18. State and Capital

19. Name of Countries/Capitals & Currency

20. Name of the Parliaments of Some Countries