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Antimalarial Drugs - Classification | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC

Chloroquine

Antimalarial Drugs - Classification | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC

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What is the classification of Chloroquine?
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Falciparum Malaria During Pregnancy

An episode of falciparum malaria during pregnancy carries significant consequences for both the mother and the fetus, necessitating prompt and aggressive treatment. The recommended drugs include:

  • Quinine 600 mg three times a day for approximately 7 days, coupled with clindamycin 300 mg three times a day or four times a day (20 mg/kg) for 7 days. This combination can be employed throughout all trimesters, particularly the first.
  • Artemisinin-based therapy (ACT) represents a better-tolerated three-day regimen, serving as an alternative to the 7-day quinine + clindamycin therapy, and can be utilized during the second and third trimesters.

Antimalarial Drugs - Repeats

  • Elaborate on the mechanism of action, side effects, and therapeutic uses of chloroquine. Outline its doses in the clinical cure of malaria. (1996)
  • Examine the mechanism of antimalarial action, therapeutic uses, and adverse effects of Chloroquine. (1998)
  • Provide the mechanism of action and therapeutic uses of chloroquine. (2001)
  • Classify antimalarial drugs and explore the common side effects of chloroquine administration. Additionally, discuss other therapeutic uses of chloroquine. (2011)
The document Antimalarial Drugs - Classification | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC is a part of the UPSC Course Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC.
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FAQs on Antimalarial Drugs - Classification - Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC

1. What is chloroquine and how is it used in the treatment of falciparum malaria during pregnancy?
Ans. Chloroquine is an antimalarial drug that is commonly used to treat falciparum malaria during pregnancy. It works by killing the malaria parasites in the red blood cells. Chloroquine is considered safe to use during pregnancy and is often the first-line treatment for pregnant women with malaria. It is usually administered orally in tablet form.
2. Are there any potential risks or side effects associated with the use of chloroquine for falciparum malaria during pregnancy?
Ans. While chloroquine is generally considered safe for pregnant women, there are some potential risks and side effects. These may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. In rare cases, chloroquine can cause allergic reactions or serious side effects such as irregular heart rhythms. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before taking chloroquine, especially during pregnancy, to weigh the potential benefits against the risks.
3. Can chloroquine be used as a preventive measure for falciparum malaria during pregnancy?
Ans. Yes, chloroquine can be used as a preventive measure for falciparum malaria during pregnancy. It is often prescribed to pregnant women living in areas with a high risk of malaria transmission. By taking chloroquine prophylactically, pregnant women can reduce their chances of contracting malaria and protect both themselves and their unborn child. However, it is important to follow the recommended dosage and consult with a healthcare provider before starting any preventive medication.
4. Are there any alternative antimalarial drugs available for the treatment of falciparum malaria during pregnancy?
Ans. Yes, there are alternative antimalarial drugs available for the treatment of falciparum malaria during pregnancy. In cases where chloroquine resistance is prevalent or if the pregnant woman cannot tolerate chloroquine, other drugs such as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or mefloquine may be used. These alternative drugs should only be prescribed by a healthcare provider familiar with the current guidelines for antimalarial treatment during pregnancy.
5. Can chloroquine be used for the treatment of other types of malaria during pregnancy?
Ans. Chloroquine is primarily used for the treatment of falciparum malaria during pregnancy. However, it may also be effective against other types of malaria, such as vivax or ovale malaria. The choice of antimalarial drug may vary depending on the specific type of malaria and the region where the infection occurs. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.
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