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Aspergillosis | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC PDF Download
| Table of contents |
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| Aspergillosis |
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| Aspergillosis - Species |
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| Aspergillosis - Pathogenesis |
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| Infections Associated with Aspergillus |
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| Laboratory Diagnosis |
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Aspergillosis
- Important Species
- Infections
- Lab diagnosis
Aspergillosis - Species
A.fumigatus
A.flavus
A.niger
A.terreus
A.nidulans
Aspergillosis - Pathogenesis
Risk factors
- Severe reduction in neutrophil count
- Use of glucocorticoids
- History of previous pulmonary ailments
- Dysfunction in neutrophils/phagocytes
(a) Late-stage HIV infection
(b) Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)
(c) Recurrent leukemia - Administration of immunomodulating agents (such as infliximab, ibrutinib)
- Severe liver impairment
- Elevated levels of stored iron in the bone marrow
- Presence of influenza infection
- Utilization of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) therapy
Question for AspergillosisTry yourself: Which species are commonly associated with aspergillosis?View Solution
Infections Associated with Aspergillus
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)
- Aspergilloma
- Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
- Invasive sinusitis
- Chronic aspergillus sinusitis
- Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis
- Cerebral aspergillosis
- Endocarditis
- Cutaneous
- Otomycosis
Laboratory Diagnosis
- Cytology/Microscopy
- Culture
- Aspergillus antigen test
- Radiology
- Real-time PCR
- IgE
- Beta-D-Glucan assay
Question for AspergillosisTry yourself: Which laboratory test is commonly used to diagnose Aspergillus infections?View Solution
Aspergillus - Repeats
List the species of Aspergillus, detail the infections they cause, and discuss the laboratory diagnosis of aspergillosis (2018).
The document Aspergillosis | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC is a part of the UPSC Course Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC.
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FAQs on Aspergillosis - Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC
| 1. What is aspergillosis and what species is associated with it? |  |
Ans. Aspergillosis is a fungal infection caused by the genus Aspergillus. The most common species associated with aspergillosis include Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger.
| 2. How does aspergillosis develop in the body? | |
Ans. Aspergillosis develops when spores of Aspergillus fungi are inhaled and reach the lungs. In healthy individuals, the immune system can effectively clear the spores. However, in individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying lung conditions, the spores can establish an infection and lead to aspergillosis.
| 3. What are some infections associated with Aspergillus? | |
Ans. Aspergillus can cause various infections in different parts of the body. Some common infections associated with Aspergillus include invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), and aspergilloma (fungal ball).
| 4. How is aspergillosis diagnosed in a laboratory setting? | |
Ans. Laboratory diagnosis of aspergillosis involves several methods. Microscopic examination of respiratory samples can reveal the presence of Aspergillus hyphae. Culture of respiratory samples on specific fungal media can help identify the species of Aspergillus. Molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), can also be used for accurate identification.
| 5. Can aspergillosis be treated effectively? | |
Ans. The treatment of aspergillosis depends on the severity and location of the infection, as well as the overall health of the individual. Antifungal medications, such as voriconazole and amphotericin B, are commonly used to treat aspergillosis. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove fungal masses or damaged tissue. However, the prognosis of aspergillosis can vary and is influenced by factors such as the patient's immune status and the presence of underlying conditions.
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Nov 22, 2024 Last updated |
Document Description: Aspergillosis for UPSC 2024 is part of Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC preparation.
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like Aspergillosis, Aspergillosis - Species, Aspergillosis - Pathogenesis, Infections Associated with Aspergillus, Laboratory Diagnosis and Aspergillosis Example, for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Aspergillosis.
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