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Biotechnology and its Principles Video Lecture - NEET

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1. What is biotechnology and what are its principles?
Ans. Biotechnology is a field of science that involves the use of living organisms, cells, or their components to develop and create products and technologies that can benefit various industries. The principles of biotechnology include genetic engineering, cell culture techniques, bioinformatics, and the application of bioprocesses for the production of desired products.
2. How is biotechnology relevant to the NEET exam?
Ans. Biotechnology is one of the important topics covered in the NEET (National Eligibility cum Entrance Test) syllabus. It is included in the Biology section and understanding the principles of biotechnology is crucial for answering related questions in the exam. The NEET exam evaluates the knowledge and understanding of various biological concepts, including biotechnology, for admission to medical and dental courses in India.
3. What are some applications of biotechnology?
Ans. Biotechnology has a wide range of applications in various fields. Some of the important applications include the development of genetically modified crops for improved yield and resistance to pests, production of biofuels from renewable sources, manufacturing of medicines and vaccines through recombinant DNA technology, and environmental bioremediation to clean up pollutants. Biotechnology also plays a significant role in forensic science, food processing, and the development of diagnostic tools.
4. What is genetic engineering in biotechnology?
Ans. Genetic engineering is a technique used in biotechnology to manipulate an organism's genetic material (DNA) by introducing specific genes from one organism into another. This technique allows scientists to modify or enhance the characteristics of an organism, such as increasing crop yield, improving disease resistance in plants, or producing human insulin in bacteria for medical use. Genetic engineering has revolutionized the field of biotechnology by enabling the creation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) with desired traits.
5. How does biotechnology contribute to sustainable development?
Ans. Biotechnology plays a crucial role in sustainable development by offering innovative solutions to global challenges. It helps in developing eco-friendly and renewable sources of energy, reducing the reliance on fossil fuels. Biotechnology also aids in the conservation of biodiversity by preserving endangered species and protecting ecosystems. Additionally, biotechnological advancements in agriculture contribute to food security by improving crop productivity and reducing environmental impacts. By focusing on sustainable practices, biotechnology ensures the long-term well-being of both the environment and society.
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