Bryophyta: Reproduction, life cycle, sub classification Video Lecture - NEET

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no more view from example about a
reproduction they can also reproduce
both is actually as well as sexually so
if I talk about asexual reproduction
again they can reproduce by gravitation
as well as spore formation so these are
the two ways by which the bryophytes can
reproduce and sexually now we have
already spoken about fragmentation and
spore formation in fragmentation what
happens the organism differ gets divided
into fragments or maturity and each
fragment and gives rise to a new organs
in spore formation some spores are
released by the reproductive part of the
plant and then those pores germinate to
form new glands so now let us look at
the important aspect that is the sexual
reproduction how sexual reproduction
take place in bryophytes now as I
mentioned before also that in Prior
fights we neither have flowers nor seats
so no flowers no seeds so from where are
the gametes produced because for sexual
reproduction we need the sex cells that
is the gamete
now there is a structure which produces
gametes and that is known as gametophyte
gamete o is related to damage and fight
means plants so the plants which produce
gametes are known as gametophyte so
there is a structure there is a part
which is known as gametophyte and they
produce the gametes so what is the male
damn it the male gamete is known as an
thyroid and the female gamete is known
as the egg so talking about the male
gamete male gamete is by flagellated and
bowtie lettuce this male gamete called
anthropoid it is motile it has two flat
highlighters by flagellated now how many
male gametes are produced many male
gametes are produced but when we talk
about egg only one egg is
used and egg is non motile so let us try
to see the structures of the plan which
actually produces the male gamete and
the female gamete so this is how the
main and the female sex organs look like
in a bryophyte so that part of the plant
which produces gamete as well as
gametophyte so that part of the plant
which produces the male gamete or the
anthropoid is known as male gametophyte
and that part of the plant which
produces the female gamete is known as
female gametophyte so here you can see
both of them so this is the anti radio
for so this is the male and this is the
female so the male sex organ is
antheridium and the female sex organ is
the archegonium so this male sex organ
are antheridium will produce the male
gametes or an thyroid and the female sex
organ will produce the female gamete the
female sex organ is known as RQ Bonilla
so here you can see this is how our Pico
Liam looks like and this is how Anton
and haida go for looks like so both have
a different appearance right in the
aerbook so this is the sexual
reproductive structure of bryophytes so
these are the place from where the male
and female gametes are produced now it
is not necessary that the male and
female gametes both have to be produced
from the same plant or from the
different plants so that again depends
so now let us see how exactly the sexual
process takes place as I told previously
that water is something which is
extremely needed for the survival of a
bryophyte so water is an important thing
now what is the role that water perform
water carries the male gamete - the
female gamete as I said the male gametes
are
male but the female gap it is not more
time
so what water will do water through
water let us suppose if this is the male
gamete so water will carry the male
gamete to the female gamete
okay so now once the male gamete reaches
the female gamete what will happen
fusion will take place as a result of
fusion zygote will be formed
now this zygote will grow to form a
structure known as sporophyte sporophyte
that means fight is blams poro is poor
that means plant which has spores
now these poro fight will produce spores
and then these spores will grow and
these spores will grow to form a new
plant so new plant is what new plant or
a mature plant is nothing but the
gametophyte because gametophyte is
present in a mature plant and these
gametophyte will then give rise to the
gavin's that is the gametophyte will
actually produce the gametes this male
gamete and the female gametes again
water will carry the male gametes to the
female gametes fusion will happens I got
will be formed then zygote will grow to
form the sporophyte
this will really spores spores will grow
to form the gametophyte and the cycle
will keep on continuing now when you
look at the male and female structure on
the plant in the previous slide you saw
I even here you can see this is the
female part and this is the male part
right so here you can see they look like
umbrellas of the plant so the female
part as well as a male plant male part
they look like umbrellas so how do we
give water how do we provide them with
water so that the water can plan
mail damage to the female rabbits for
example if it rains so water will be
there and through those water droplets
mail damage will carry to the female
gamete so this is the female gamete it
doesn't have anything right now but the
male gamete if you look at if you take a
closer view you actually see the active
area so there these are the spawns forms
and I think by the male gametes so these
male gametes will reach them female
gamete and this will actually fuse
together so when they fuse they will
form zygote right so here you can see
this is one plant this is again one
plant these are the right sides this is
the talus and this is the female
gametophyte that means that part of the
plant which produces female gaps this is
the male gametophyte this portion this
part of the plant produces the male
remnants of fusion happens after that is
I got one before now this zygote will
grow to form an embryo this is how it
has gone and then this entire will
further grow to form a sporophyte see
this is spoke the sporophyte is again it
like a plant body with spores inside it
these poles are present here now this
4:05 will release the spores so this is
a Spore this pole will then it start
germinating or growing so when it grows
it develops rhizoids ricer it should fix
the school to the ground
and then it will start developing the
entire structure so it will again form a
mature plant so the mature plant will
again have the female gametophyte the
male gametophyte and this process will
keep on continuing so now did you
observe one thing in that life cycle of
a bryophyte we introduced to me new
terms that is gamma to fight and
sporophyte so gametophyte is that part
which produces gametes
I am sporophyte as that part which has
spores so we will talk about gametophyte
that sporophyte in even more detail now
before that let us look at the
significance of graphite why do we need
to study graphic separating what role
does it
a in our environment it is a source of
food for other animals like all bigger
and these are like small plants so other
animals like birds or any other mammals
can eat these plants prevent soil
erosion as I said because these plants
are capable of holding soil by their
extensive carpets because they are like
you don't see one or two plants like
this you see over a vast stretch of land
you will see so many brides are being
grown so they you will actually hold the
soil tight together and prevent soil
erosion helps in rock decomposition what
do we mean by rock decomposition we
would have observed that there are many
Brown fights like mosses which actually
grow on barren rocks so barren rocks
they are of no use right on rocks you
cannot cultivate things so it is on
barren rocks if these graphite start
growing then they gradually start
converting the barren area into dense
wood so decomposed rocks means they
increase the fertility of the soil which
is suitable for growth of higher plants
so initially you end up adding rocks
now when prior fire started growing up
there it gradually converted that rocky
area into dense wood so now you can see
that the fertility of the soil increases
a lot and as a result more and more
other plants can be grown there so it
increases the quality of the land it is
used as a packing material
there are many mosses which when dry it
they can act as a very good packing
material firm last where for example you
would have seen that if you go to a shop
to buy crockery items like glass bowls
or glass cup dish or whatever you see
that you did the judge will give it to
you in a polythene
they'll put it inside a box and inside
that box also they will put some some
packing material some when you say some
paper like things inside that so that
there are no
these basses because if there are empty
spaces the glasses might break while you
are taking
carrying it but if they are knowing
these pieces there are no chances of the
glasses being the glasses being broken
down so those packing material are
nothing but dried mosses so an example
of a moss which helps or which acts as a
very good packing material is sphagnum
it is often seen in the packing of bulbs
crockery items and etc so these are some
of the important uses of bryophytes
because of which we are giving special
attention to them and we are studying
about drive weights
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