CT vs MRI | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC PDF Download

Advantages of MRI over CT

  • Absence of radiation exposure
  • Superior soft tissue resolution, facilitating clearer visualization of the spinal cord, tendons, and menisci
  • Functional perspective, with Functional MRI extending imaging capabilities beyond structural assessment
  • Elimination of the need for iodinated contrasts, reducing the risk of anaphylaxis
  • Absence of bone artifacts
  • Generation of more detailed images
  • Enhanced sensitivity and specificity for brain abnormalities
  • Visualization of vessels without the reliance on contrast agents
  • Ability to perform imaging in any plane without requiring the patient to move

Advantages of CT over MRI

  • More cost-effective and widely employed
  • Enhanced visualization of skeletal structures
  • Quicker imaging process
  • Absence of issues related to claustrophobia
  • Effective in detecting acute bleeds
  • Optimal for visualizing calcific lesions
  • Availability of electron density information for dosimetry
  • Utilization of cortical bone information to generate digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR)
  • Presence of metallic foreign bodies does not pose a contraindication

Medical Imaging Repeats

  1. What is the principle of ultrasound? In which medical conditions, it is almost diagnostic? (2013)
  2. Discuss in brief about the role of USG in the management of Liver abscess. (2019) 
  3. What are the principles of Echocardiography? What is its diagnostic significance? (2017) 
  4. Discuss the principles of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In which conditions, has its better diagnostic value than computerized tomography (CT) scan? (2016)
The document CT vs MRI | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC is a part of the UPSC Course Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC.
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FAQs on CT vs MRI - Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC

1. What are the advantages of MRI over CT?
Ans. MRI offers the following advantages over CT: - MRI provides more detailed and accurate images of soft tissues, such as organs, muscles, and nerves, making it superior for diagnosing conditions in these areas. - MRI does not use ionizing radiation, which makes it safer for patients, especially those who require multiple scans or children. - MRI is better at detecting certain conditions, such as brain tumors, spinal cord injuries, and joint problems. - MRI can provide better contrast between different tissues, allowing for clearer visualization of abnormalities. - MRI can produce images in multiple planes, providing a more comprehensive view of the body part being scanned.
2. What advantages does CT have over MRI?
Ans. CT offers the following advantages over MRI: - CT scans are generally faster than MRI scans, making them more suitable for patients who cannot remain still for long periods. - CT can provide detailed images of bones and bone structures, making it particularly useful for evaluating fractures, osteoporosis, and bone tumors. - CT can be performed on patients with certain implants or pacemakers, whereas MRI may not be feasible in such cases. - CT is less sensitive to motion artifacts, making it more suitable for patients who are unable to lie still during the scan. - CT scans are more readily available and often more cost-effective compared to MRI scans.
3. How is MRI better than CT for diagnosing brain tumors?
Ans. MRI is superior to CT for diagnosing brain tumors due to the following reasons: - MRI provides more detailed and precise images of the brain, allowing for better visualization of tumor size, location, and characteristics. - MRI can differentiate between different types of brain tumors, aiding in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. - MRI can detect smaller tumors and identify their extent, including their infiltration into surrounding brain tissues. - MRI can provide better visualization of the blood vessels within and around the tumor, helping in surgical planning and avoiding damage to critical structures. - MRI can monitor the response to treatment over time by detecting changes in the tumor's size and characteristics.
4. Why is MRI safer than CT for repeated scans or children?
Ans. MRI is safer than CT for repeated scans or children because: - MRI does not use ionizing radiation, unlike CT, which reduces the risk of potential harm associated with radiation exposure. - Children are more sensitive to the effects of radiation, and repeated exposure to CT scans may increase their long-term cancer risk. MRI eliminates this concern. - MRI uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to generate images, which are considered safe and non-invasive. - The absence of radiation in MRI allows for repeated scans without the cumulative risk of radiation exposure. - MRI technology has advanced to minimize the need for sedation or anesthesia in children during the scanning process, further enhancing safety.
5. In what scenarios is CT more suitable than MRI?
Ans. CT is more suitable than MRI in the following scenarios: - When there is a need for rapid imaging, such as in emergency situations or with patients who are unable to lie still for an extended period. - When evaluating suspected bone fractures, bone tumors, or conditions related to the skeletal system, as CT provides detailed images of bones. - When a patient has certain implants, such as metal or electronic devices, that may interfere with MRI but are compatible with CT scanning. - When there is a need to assess lung conditions, such as pulmonary embolism or lung cancer, as CT scans can capture detailed images of the lungs. - When cost-effectiveness or accessibility is a significant factor, as CT scanning is often more readily available and relatively less expensive compared to MRI.
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