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Cannizzaro Reaction & Electrophilic Substitution Video Lecture | Chemistry Class 12 - NEET

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FAQs on Cannizzaro Reaction & Electrophilic Substitution Video Lecture - Chemistry Class 12 - NEET

1. What is the Cannizzaro reaction and what are its main products?
Ans. The Cannizzaro reaction is a chemical reaction in which aldehydes lacking alpha-hydrogens undergo disproportionation in the presence of a strong base, resulting in the formation of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. The main products are the corresponding alcohol and carboxylic acid from the aldehyde.
2. Under what conditions does the Cannizzaro reaction occur?
Ans. The Cannizzaro reaction occurs in the presence of a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH). It typically takes place in an aqueous solution at elevated temperatures, and it is specific to non-enolizable aldehydes that do not have alpha-hydrogens.
3. How does electrophilic substitution work in aromatic compounds?
Ans. Electrophilic substitution in aromatic compounds involves the substitution of a hydrogen atom on the aromatic ring with an electrophile. The process starts with the formation of a sigma complex (arenium ion) when the electrophile attacks the electron-rich aromatic ring, followed by deprotonation to restore aromaticity and yield the substituted product.
4. What are common electrophiles used in electrophilic substitution reactions?
Ans. Common electrophiles used in electrophilic substitution reactions include halogens (like Cl2, Br2 in the presence of a Lewis acid), nitronium ion (NO2+ for nitration), and sulfonium ion (SO3H for sulfonation). Each of these electrophiles can introduce different substituents onto the aromatic ring.
5. What is the significance of the regioselectivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution?
Ans. Regioselectivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution is crucial because it determines the positions of substituents on the aromatic ring. Substituents can be classified as activating (ortho/para directing) or deactivating (meta directing), which influences the outcome of the reaction and the distribution of products formed. Understanding regioselectivity is essential for predicting the behavior of aromatic compounds in synthetic chemistry.
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