The Bhakti movement, which emerged between the 6th and 10th century AD, had its origins in the Southern regions of India, particularly Tamil Nadu. Its influence gradually extended northwards, gaining prominence from the late 15th century onward.
Bhakti Movement
In South India, the Bhakti Movement was led by two main groups:
1. Alvars (Vishnu Devotees)
2. Nayanars (Shiva Devotees)
Beliefs:
Indian Bhakti Saints
Important Female Saints:
1. Mirabai:
2. Akka Mahadevi:
3. Janabai:
4. Bahina: A 17th-century poet-saint from Maharashtra, she wrote abhangas depicting the working life of women, particularly in the fields.
5. Andal: The only female Alvar, expressing unconditional love for Lord Vishnu through her poems.
Nature of Bhakti Literature:
Contribution of Bhakti Literature to Indian Culture:
A. Chishti Silsilah:
B. Suhrawardi Silsilah:
C. Qadiriyya Silsilah
D. Naqshbandi Silsilah:
E. Shattari Silsilah:
F. Kubrawiya Order:
Many Sufi saints received land grants (Inams), which they could pass on to their families. This helped their descendants gain social and economic status and made the sheikh’s role more permanent in society.
Sufis held spiritual authority, while they left political power and governance (like warfare, taxes, and administration) to the kings.
They encouraged brotherhood, equality, and unity among common people. By using local languages, they made their teachings more accessible.
Sufi shrines had social, political, and economic influence, especially among villagers and even rulers. But their main focus remained spiritual and religious guidance.
Although Sufis didn't have the legal authority like Sharia law, they gained greater love, trust, and following from the people than the traditional Ulema or priests did.
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1. What is the origin of the Bhakti Movement? | ![]() |
2. What were the key beliefs of the Bhakti Movement? | ![]() |
3. How did the Bhakti Movement impact society? | ![]() |
4. Who were some notable Bhakti saints during this movement? | ![]() |
5. How did the Bhakti Movement influence subsequent religious and social movements in India? | ![]() |