Cheatsheet: Manufacturing Industries | Social Studies (SST) Class 10 PDF Download

Classification of Industries

Industries are categorized to understand their structure and function. Classifications include agro-based vs. mineral-based, basic vs. consumer, small vs. large scale, public vs. private vs. joint vs. cooperative, and heavy vs. light industries. These classifications help analyze their economic impact and operational needs.

Agro-Based Industries

Mineral-Based Industries

Mineral-based industries, including iron and steel, aluminum smelting, and cement, are critical for infrastructure and industrial growth. They rely on heavy raw materials and require efficient transport and energy supply, with strategic locations based on resource availability and market access.

Automobile Industry

The automobile industry in India has grown significantly due to economic liberalization, producing a variety of vehicles like cars, trucks, and two-wheelers. Its strategic location near major cities facilitates production and market access, contributing to economic growth and employment.

Information Technology and Electronics Industry

Industrial Pollution and Environmental Degradation

While industries drive India’s economy, they also cause pollution through emissions, effluents, and noise, impacting health, ecosystems, and climate. Managing these effects is crucial for sustainable development, as industries like thermal power plants exacerbate environmental degradation.

Control of Environmental Degradation

Industries must adopt measures to reduce environmental impact, including treating effluents, minimizing water use, controlling air and noise pollution, and promoting sustainable practices. Companies like NTPC demonstrate effective environmental management through advanced techniques and waste reduction.