Class 10 English (Language & Literature): CBSE (Official) Sample Question Paper (2025-26) | English Class 10 PDF Download

 Page 1


1  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE - Code No. 184 
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER 
CLASS-X- (2025-26) 
 
Time allowed: 3 Hrs.                                                                           Maximum Marks: 80 
General Instructions: 
Read the instructions carefully and follow them: 
 
1. This question paper comprises 11 questions. All questions are compulsory. 
2. The question paper contains THREE sections –  
      Section – A: Reading Skills 
   Section – B: Grammar and Creative Writing Skills  
   Section – C: Literature Textbook 
3. Attempt questions based on specific instructions for each Part. 
 
SECTION A 
                                                READING SKILLS                                         (20 marks) 
 
1.  Read the following passage. 
 
10 
1 The growing preference for indigenous craft items is a welcome trend in today’s globalised 
world, where mass-produced goods often dominate markets. These handcrafted 
products, rooted in the cultural and artistic traditions of their regions, offer more than just 
aesthetic appeal. They symbolise sustainability, support local economies, and preserve 
the heritage of diverse communities. 
 
2 
 
One of the primary reasons for choosing indigenous crafts is their eco-friendliness. Unlike 
factory-made products, most traditional crafts are created using natural, locally sourced 
materials. Artisans often employ time-tested methods that minimise waste and avoid 
harmful industrial processes. For example, pottery made from local clay, handwoven 
textiles using organic dyes, and bamboo-based crafts all have a much lower 
environmental footprint compared to their machine-made counterparts. By opting for these 
items, consumers indirectly contribute to reducing pollution and promoting sustainable 
practices. 
 
3 Supporting indigenous crafts also strengthens local economies. Many artisans depend 
solely on their craft for livelihood, often working in small communities where opportunities 
for other forms of employment are limited. When people purchase their products, it 
provides a direct income to these artisans, empowering them and encouraging their 
craftsmanship. Initiatives like fair trade further ensure that artisans receive fair wages, 
fostering economic stability within their communities. 
 
4 Moreover, indigenous craft items help preserve cultural heritage. Every handcrafted 
product carries a story—a glimpse into the traditions, beliefs, and skills passed down 
through generations. In India, whether it’s paintings, terracotta jewellery, sculptures, 
athangudi tiles, mud work frames or many others, each item reflects the unique identity of 
Page 2


1  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE - Code No. 184 
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER 
CLASS-X- (2025-26) 
 
Time allowed: 3 Hrs.                                                                           Maximum Marks: 80 
General Instructions: 
Read the instructions carefully and follow them: 
 
1. This question paper comprises 11 questions. All questions are compulsory. 
2. The question paper contains THREE sections –  
      Section – A: Reading Skills 
   Section – B: Grammar and Creative Writing Skills  
   Section – C: Literature Textbook 
3. Attempt questions based on specific instructions for each Part. 
 
SECTION A 
                                                READING SKILLS                                         (20 marks) 
 
1.  Read the following passage. 
 
10 
1 The growing preference for indigenous craft items is a welcome trend in today’s globalised 
world, where mass-produced goods often dominate markets. These handcrafted 
products, rooted in the cultural and artistic traditions of their regions, offer more than just 
aesthetic appeal. They symbolise sustainability, support local economies, and preserve 
the heritage of diverse communities. 
 
2 
 
One of the primary reasons for choosing indigenous crafts is their eco-friendliness. Unlike 
factory-made products, most traditional crafts are created using natural, locally sourced 
materials. Artisans often employ time-tested methods that minimise waste and avoid 
harmful industrial processes. For example, pottery made from local clay, handwoven 
textiles using organic dyes, and bamboo-based crafts all have a much lower 
environmental footprint compared to their machine-made counterparts. By opting for these 
items, consumers indirectly contribute to reducing pollution and promoting sustainable 
practices. 
 
3 Supporting indigenous crafts also strengthens local economies. Many artisans depend 
solely on their craft for livelihood, often working in small communities where opportunities 
for other forms of employment are limited. When people purchase their products, it 
provides a direct income to these artisans, empowering them and encouraging their 
craftsmanship. Initiatives like fair trade further ensure that artisans receive fair wages, 
fostering economic stability within their communities. 
 
4 Moreover, indigenous craft items help preserve cultural heritage. Every handcrafted 
product carries a story—a glimpse into the traditions, beliefs, and skills passed down 
through generations. In India, whether it’s paintings, terracotta jewellery, sculptures, 
athangudi tiles, mud work frames or many others, each item reflects the unique identity of 
2  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
its region. By choosing these crafts, people not only appreciate the artistry but also help 
keep these traditions alive in an era where cultural homogenisation threatens diversity. 
5 In addition to their economic and cultural value, indigenous crafts add a personal touch to 
homes and wardrobes. Unlike mass-produced items, which often lack individuality, 
handcrafted products are unique. Each piece bears the imprint of the artisan’s effort, 
creativity, and dedication, making it special for the buyer. 
 
6 However, the preference for indigenous crafts requires sustained efforts to thrive. 
Governments, organisations, and consumers all have roles to play. Policies that promote 
local craftsmanship, provide training to artisans, and create global platforms for 
showcasing their work can boost the visibility and demand for these products. Consumers, 
too, must actively seek out and invest in handmade crafts rather than opting for cheaper, 
factory-made alternatives. Choosing indigenous craft items is a meaningful step toward a 
more sustainable and culturally enriched world.  
 
Created for academic usage / 403 words 
Answer the following questions, based on the passage above. 
 
I Why is the growing preference for indigenous craft items described as a ‘welcome 
trend’ in paragraph 1?   
                                                                         
1 
 
II According to paragraph 1, the indigenous craft items have all of the following 
qualities EXCEPT being: 
 
A. handcrafted products 
B. rooted in artistic traditions 
C. aesthetic in appeal 
D. easily accessible 
 
1 
 
III Complete the following by selecting the correct option from those given in the 
brackets.  
The usage of locally sourced materials makes the indigenous crafts ________ 
(traditional / eco-friendly).                                                               (Paragraph 2) 
  
1 
 
IV Select the option that is True from (a)-(c) given for what the phrase, ‘time-tested 
methods’ suggests in paragraph 2. 
A. Artisans use traditional techniques that have been refined and proven effective 
over generations 
B. Artisans use outdated practices that are no longer relevant in today's 
commercial markets. 
C. Artisans follow techniques that prioritise speed and mass production over 
craftsmanship. 
1 
 
V Complete the analogy by selecting one of the two correct options (a), (b) 
 
 fair trade: fair wages:: _______ : _______                                  (Paragraph 3) 
 
 
 
(a) employment: job security                       (b) mass production : reduced prices 
 
1 
 
Page 3


1  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE - Code No. 184 
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER 
CLASS-X- (2025-26) 
 
Time allowed: 3 Hrs.                                                                           Maximum Marks: 80 
General Instructions: 
Read the instructions carefully and follow them: 
 
1. This question paper comprises 11 questions. All questions are compulsory. 
2. The question paper contains THREE sections –  
      Section – A: Reading Skills 
   Section – B: Grammar and Creative Writing Skills  
   Section – C: Literature Textbook 
3. Attempt questions based on specific instructions for each Part. 
 
SECTION A 
                                                READING SKILLS                                         (20 marks) 
 
1.  Read the following passage. 
 
10 
1 The growing preference for indigenous craft items is a welcome trend in today’s globalised 
world, where mass-produced goods often dominate markets. These handcrafted 
products, rooted in the cultural and artistic traditions of their regions, offer more than just 
aesthetic appeal. They symbolise sustainability, support local economies, and preserve 
the heritage of diverse communities. 
 
2 
 
One of the primary reasons for choosing indigenous crafts is their eco-friendliness. Unlike 
factory-made products, most traditional crafts are created using natural, locally sourced 
materials. Artisans often employ time-tested methods that minimise waste and avoid 
harmful industrial processes. For example, pottery made from local clay, handwoven 
textiles using organic dyes, and bamboo-based crafts all have a much lower 
environmental footprint compared to their machine-made counterparts. By opting for these 
items, consumers indirectly contribute to reducing pollution and promoting sustainable 
practices. 
 
3 Supporting indigenous crafts also strengthens local economies. Many artisans depend 
solely on their craft for livelihood, often working in small communities where opportunities 
for other forms of employment are limited. When people purchase their products, it 
provides a direct income to these artisans, empowering them and encouraging their 
craftsmanship. Initiatives like fair trade further ensure that artisans receive fair wages, 
fostering economic stability within their communities. 
 
4 Moreover, indigenous craft items help preserve cultural heritage. Every handcrafted 
product carries a story—a glimpse into the traditions, beliefs, and skills passed down 
through generations. In India, whether it’s paintings, terracotta jewellery, sculptures, 
athangudi tiles, mud work frames or many others, each item reflects the unique identity of 
2  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
its region. By choosing these crafts, people not only appreciate the artistry but also help 
keep these traditions alive in an era where cultural homogenisation threatens diversity. 
5 In addition to their economic and cultural value, indigenous crafts add a personal touch to 
homes and wardrobes. Unlike mass-produced items, which often lack individuality, 
handcrafted products are unique. Each piece bears the imprint of the artisan’s effort, 
creativity, and dedication, making it special for the buyer. 
 
6 However, the preference for indigenous crafts requires sustained efforts to thrive. 
Governments, organisations, and consumers all have roles to play. Policies that promote 
local craftsmanship, provide training to artisans, and create global platforms for 
showcasing their work can boost the visibility and demand for these products. Consumers, 
too, must actively seek out and invest in handmade crafts rather than opting for cheaper, 
factory-made alternatives. Choosing indigenous craft items is a meaningful step toward a 
more sustainable and culturally enriched world.  
 
Created for academic usage / 403 words 
Answer the following questions, based on the passage above. 
 
I Why is the growing preference for indigenous craft items described as a ‘welcome 
trend’ in paragraph 1?   
                                                                         
1 
 
II According to paragraph 1, the indigenous craft items have all of the following 
qualities EXCEPT being: 
 
A. handcrafted products 
B. rooted in artistic traditions 
C. aesthetic in appeal 
D. easily accessible 
 
1 
 
III Complete the following by selecting the correct option from those given in the 
brackets.  
The usage of locally sourced materials makes the indigenous crafts ________ 
(traditional / eco-friendly).                                                               (Paragraph 2) 
  
1 
 
IV Select the option that is True from (a)-(c) given for what the phrase, ‘time-tested 
methods’ suggests in paragraph 2. 
A. Artisans use traditional techniques that have been refined and proven effective 
over generations 
B. Artisans use outdated practices that are no longer relevant in today's 
commercial markets. 
C. Artisans follow techniques that prioritise speed and mass production over 
craftsmanship. 
1 
 
V Complete the analogy by selecting one of the two correct options (a), (b) 
 
 fair trade: fair wages:: _______ : _______                                  (Paragraph 3) 
 
 
 
(a) employment: job security                       (b) mass production : reduced prices 
 
1 
 
3  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
VI Why is supporting indigenous crafts considered an effective way to improve the 
economic conditions of small communities?                                   (Paragraph 3) 
 
2 
 
VII What are the main ideas of paragraph 4 and paragraph 5? 
 
i) Choosing indigenous crafts helps preserve cultural heritage  
ii) Handcrafted products lack individuality. 
iii) Indigenous crafts reflect the artisan’s creativity. 
iv) Indigenous crafts promote uniformity by erasing regional differences in artistic 
traditions. 
v) Cultural homogenisation encourages people to choose indigenous crafts over 
mass-produced goods. 
 
Select the correct option.  
 
Options Main idea of paragraph 4 Main idea of paragraph 5 
A.  ii iv 
B.  v ii 
C.  i iii 
D.  iv ii 
 
 
 
1 
 
VIII Why is it important for consumers to take an active role alongside government 
and organisations in sustaining indigenous crafts?                       (Paragraph 6) 
 
2 
 
2. Read the following passage. 
 
10 
1 A recent study conducted across two age groups—students aged 10–12 and 13–16—
explored their preferences for ballpoint and micro-tip pens for various writing activities 
such as note-taking, examinations, and personal writing. The study aimed to understand 
trends in writing habits and the factors influencing pen selection among students. 
 
2 The results revealed distinct patterns based on age groups and writing purposes. Among 
students aged 10–12, 65% preferred ballpoint pens for note-taking, citing ease of use and 
affordability as key factors. However, 35% opted for micro-tip pens, valuing their precision 
and smooth writing. For examinations, ballpoint pens were the overwhelming choice, with 
78% favouring them for their speed and reliability, while 22% stuck with micro-tip pens, 
appreciating their fine control. 
 
3 In the 13–16 age group, preferences shifted slightly. For note-taking, 60% favoured micro-
tip pens, highlighting their ability to produce neat, legible notes, while 40% continued to 
use ballpoint pens. During examinations, however, 70% still relied on ballpoint pens, 
indicating their consistency under time constraints. When it came to personal writing, such 
as journalling or creative tasks, 58% in this group chose micro-tip pens, appreciating the 
aesthetic appeal of finer lines, while 42% stuck with ballpoint pens for their convenience. 
 
4 These findings point to the importance of understanding age-specific preferences and 
task requirements, enabling manufacturers to innovate products. Manufacturers could 
further explore incorporating hybrid features, such as pens offering the speed of ballpoint 
pens with the precision of micro-tip pens, to cater to a wider range of student preferences. 
Created for academic usage / 250 words  
Page 4


1  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE - Code No. 184 
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER 
CLASS-X- (2025-26) 
 
Time allowed: 3 Hrs.                                                                           Maximum Marks: 80 
General Instructions: 
Read the instructions carefully and follow them: 
 
1. This question paper comprises 11 questions. All questions are compulsory. 
2. The question paper contains THREE sections –  
      Section – A: Reading Skills 
   Section – B: Grammar and Creative Writing Skills  
   Section – C: Literature Textbook 
3. Attempt questions based on specific instructions for each Part. 
 
SECTION A 
                                                READING SKILLS                                         (20 marks) 
 
1.  Read the following passage. 
 
10 
1 The growing preference for indigenous craft items is a welcome trend in today’s globalised 
world, where mass-produced goods often dominate markets. These handcrafted 
products, rooted in the cultural and artistic traditions of their regions, offer more than just 
aesthetic appeal. They symbolise sustainability, support local economies, and preserve 
the heritage of diverse communities. 
 
2 
 
One of the primary reasons for choosing indigenous crafts is their eco-friendliness. Unlike 
factory-made products, most traditional crafts are created using natural, locally sourced 
materials. Artisans often employ time-tested methods that minimise waste and avoid 
harmful industrial processes. For example, pottery made from local clay, handwoven 
textiles using organic dyes, and bamboo-based crafts all have a much lower 
environmental footprint compared to their machine-made counterparts. By opting for these 
items, consumers indirectly contribute to reducing pollution and promoting sustainable 
practices. 
 
3 Supporting indigenous crafts also strengthens local economies. Many artisans depend 
solely on their craft for livelihood, often working in small communities where opportunities 
for other forms of employment are limited. When people purchase their products, it 
provides a direct income to these artisans, empowering them and encouraging their 
craftsmanship. Initiatives like fair trade further ensure that artisans receive fair wages, 
fostering economic stability within their communities. 
 
4 Moreover, indigenous craft items help preserve cultural heritage. Every handcrafted 
product carries a story—a glimpse into the traditions, beliefs, and skills passed down 
through generations. In India, whether it’s paintings, terracotta jewellery, sculptures, 
athangudi tiles, mud work frames or many others, each item reflects the unique identity of 
2  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
its region. By choosing these crafts, people not only appreciate the artistry but also help 
keep these traditions alive in an era where cultural homogenisation threatens diversity. 
5 In addition to their economic and cultural value, indigenous crafts add a personal touch to 
homes and wardrobes. Unlike mass-produced items, which often lack individuality, 
handcrafted products are unique. Each piece bears the imprint of the artisan’s effort, 
creativity, and dedication, making it special for the buyer. 
 
6 However, the preference for indigenous crafts requires sustained efforts to thrive. 
Governments, organisations, and consumers all have roles to play. Policies that promote 
local craftsmanship, provide training to artisans, and create global platforms for 
showcasing their work can boost the visibility and demand for these products. Consumers, 
too, must actively seek out and invest in handmade crafts rather than opting for cheaper, 
factory-made alternatives. Choosing indigenous craft items is a meaningful step toward a 
more sustainable and culturally enriched world.  
 
Created for academic usage / 403 words 
Answer the following questions, based on the passage above. 
 
I Why is the growing preference for indigenous craft items described as a ‘welcome 
trend’ in paragraph 1?   
                                                                         
1 
 
II According to paragraph 1, the indigenous craft items have all of the following 
qualities EXCEPT being: 
 
A. handcrafted products 
B. rooted in artistic traditions 
C. aesthetic in appeal 
D. easily accessible 
 
1 
 
III Complete the following by selecting the correct option from those given in the 
brackets.  
The usage of locally sourced materials makes the indigenous crafts ________ 
(traditional / eco-friendly).                                                               (Paragraph 2) 
  
1 
 
IV Select the option that is True from (a)-(c) given for what the phrase, ‘time-tested 
methods’ suggests in paragraph 2. 
A. Artisans use traditional techniques that have been refined and proven effective 
over generations 
B. Artisans use outdated practices that are no longer relevant in today's 
commercial markets. 
C. Artisans follow techniques that prioritise speed and mass production over 
craftsmanship. 
1 
 
V Complete the analogy by selecting one of the two correct options (a), (b) 
 
 fair trade: fair wages:: _______ : _______                                  (Paragraph 3) 
 
 
 
(a) employment: job security                       (b) mass production : reduced prices 
 
1 
 
3  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
VI Why is supporting indigenous crafts considered an effective way to improve the 
economic conditions of small communities?                                   (Paragraph 3) 
 
2 
 
VII What are the main ideas of paragraph 4 and paragraph 5? 
 
i) Choosing indigenous crafts helps preserve cultural heritage  
ii) Handcrafted products lack individuality. 
iii) Indigenous crafts reflect the artisan’s creativity. 
iv) Indigenous crafts promote uniformity by erasing regional differences in artistic 
traditions. 
v) Cultural homogenisation encourages people to choose indigenous crafts over 
mass-produced goods. 
 
Select the correct option.  
 
Options Main idea of paragraph 4 Main idea of paragraph 5 
A.  ii iv 
B.  v ii 
C.  i iii 
D.  iv ii 
 
 
 
1 
 
VIII Why is it important for consumers to take an active role alongside government 
and organisations in sustaining indigenous crafts?                       (Paragraph 6) 
 
2 
 
2. Read the following passage. 
 
10 
1 A recent study conducted across two age groups—students aged 10–12 and 13–16—
explored their preferences for ballpoint and micro-tip pens for various writing activities 
such as note-taking, examinations, and personal writing. The study aimed to understand 
trends in writing habits and the factors influencing pen selection among students. 
 
2 The results revealed distinct patterns based on age groups and writing purposes. Among 
students aged 10–12, 65% preferred ballpoint pens for note-taking, citing ease of use and 
affordability as key factors. However, 35% opted for micro-tip pens, valuing their precision 
and smooth writing. For examinations, ballpoint pens were the overwhelming choice, with 
78% favouring them for their speed and reliability, while 22% stuck with micro-tip pens, 
appreciating their fine control. 
 
3 In the 13–16 age group, preferences shifted slightly. For note-taking, 60% favoured micro-
tip pens, highlighting their ability to produce neat, legible notes, while 40% continued to 
use ballpoint pens. During examinations, however, 70% still relied on ballpoint pens, 
indicating their consistency under time constraints. When it came to personal writing, such 
as journalling or creative tasks, 58% in this group chose micro-tip pens, appreciating the 
aesthetic appeal of finer lines, while 42% stuck with ballpoint pens for their convenience. 
 
4 These findings point to the importance of understanding age-specific preferences and 
task requirements, enabling manufacturers to innovate products. Manufacturers could 
further explore incorporating hybrid features, such as pens offering the speed of ballpoint 
pens with the precision of micro-tip pens, to cater to a wider range of student preferences. 
Created for academic usage / 250 words  
4  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
   Answer the following questions, based on the passage above 
 
I Why did the study most likely focus on the two specific age groups of 10–12 and 
13–16?                                                                                               (Paragraph 1) 
 
This is so because these age groups ____. 
 
A. represent the largest population of growing students. 
B. are when students develop and refine their writing habits. 
C. were the easiest to survey across various schools. 
D. have a natural preference for ballpoint pens. 
 
1 
 
II Identify the phrase in paragraph 1 that conveys the writer's reference to the 
patterns or preferences observed in how students use pens for various writing 
tasks. 
 
1 
 
III Complete the following by selecting the correct option from those given in the 
brackets.                                                                                           (Paragraph 2) 
 
Geetha, aged 11, wishes to complete her practical file neatly, ensuring her work is 
legible and appealing. She is most likely to choose a micro-tip pen for this task 
because the ________ (speed / precision) offered by this type of pen helps 
produce tidy work. 
 
1 
 
IV What does the writer mean by ‘affordability’ while citing the high percentage of ball 
point pen usage?                                                                              (Paragraph 2) 
 
1 
 
V Complete the following with the correct option. 
 
When the writer says ‘distinct patterns’ in the line ‘The results revealed distinct 
patterns based on age groups and writing purposes,’ of paragraph 3, s/he means 
that _______. 
 
A. students in both age groups use pens in the same way for all the listed purposes. 
B. the preferences for pens varied according to the students' age and the type of 
writing task. 
C. only micro-tip pens were popular across all writing tasks in the 13-16 age group. 
D. students of all age groups preferred ballpoint pens for completing creative 
writing tasks. 
 
 
1 
 
VI Complete the following appropriately. 
 
The one likely reason why more than 40% of students still chose ballpoint pens for 
creative tasks, even though micro-tip pens are better suited for such activities is 
_____________________.                                                           (Paragraph 3) 
 
 
 
1 
 
VII How are ‘aesthetic appeal’ and ‘finer lines’ connected?                    (Paragraph 3) 1 
 
VIII Elaborate how hybrid features in pens would lead to a commercially viable product. 
                                                                                                           (Paragraph 4) 
 
2 
 
 
Page 5


1  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE - Code No. 184 
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER 
CLASS-X- (2025-26) 
 
Time allowed: 3 Hrs.                                                                           Maximum Marks: 80 
General Instructions: 
Read the instructions carefully and follow them: 
 
1. This question paper comprises 11 questions. All questions are compulsory. 
2. The question paper contains THREE sections –  
      Section – A: Reading Skills 
   Section – B: Grammar and Creative Writing Skills  
   Section – C: Literature Textbook 
3. Attempt questions based on specific instructions for each Part. 
 
SECTION A 
                                                READING SKILLS                                         (20 marks) 
 
1.  Read the following passage. 
 
10 
1 The growing preference for indigenous craft items is a welcome trend in today’s globalised 
world, where mass-produced goods often dominate markets. These handcrafted 
products, rooted in the cultural and artistic traditions of their regions, offer more than just 
aesthetic appeal. They symbolise sustainability, support local economies, and preserve 
the heritage of diverse communities. 
 
2 
 
One of the primary reasons for choosing indigenous crafts is their eco-friendliness. Unlike 
factory-made products, most traditional crafts are created using natural, locally sourced 
materials. Artisans often employ time-tested methods that minimise waste and avoid 
harmful industrial processes. For example, pottery made from local clay, handwoven 
textiles using organic dyes, and bamboo-based crafts all have a much lower 
environmental footprint compared to their machine-made counterparts. By opting for these 
items, consumers indirectly contribute to reducing pollution and promoting sustainable 
practices. 
 
3 Supporting indigenous crafts also strengthens local economies. Many artisans depend 
solely on their craft for livelihood, often working in small communities where opportunities 
for other forms of employment are limited. When people purchase their products, it 
provides a direct income to these artisans, empowering them and encouraging their 
craftsmanship. Initiatives like fair trade further ensure that artisans receive fair wages, 
fostering economic stability within their communities. 
 
4 Moreover, indigenous craft items help preserve cultural heritage. Every handcrafted 
product carries a story—a glimpse into the traditions, beliefs, and skills passed down 
through generations. In India, whether it’s paintings, terracotta jewellery, sculptures, 
athangudi tiles, mud work frames or many others, each item reflects the unique identity of 
2  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
its region. By choosing these crafts, people not only appreciate the artistry but also help 
keep these traditions alive in an era where cultural homogenisation threatens diversity. 
5 In addition to their economic and cultural value, indigenous crafts add a personal touch to 
homes and wardrobes. Unlike mass-produced items, which often lack individuality, 
handcrafted products are unique. Each piece bears the imprint of the artisan’s effort, 
creativity, and dedication, making it special for the buyer. 
 
6 However, the preference for indigenous crafts requires sustained efforts to thrive. 
Governments, organisations, and consumers all have roles to play. Policies that promote 
local craftsmanship, provide training to artisans, and create global platforms for 
showcasing their work can boost the visibility and demand for these products. Consumers, 
too, must actively seek out and invest in handmade crafts rather than opting for cheaper, 
factory-made alternatives. Choosing indigenous craft items is a meaningful step toward a 
more sustainable and culturally enriched world.  
 
Created for academic usage / 403 words 
Answer the following questions, based on the passage above. 
 
I Why is the growing preference for indigenous craft items described as a ‘welcome 
trend’ in paragraph 1?   
                                                                         
1 
 
II According to paragraph 1, the indigenous craft items have all of the following 
qualities EXCEPT being: 
 
A. handcrafted products 
B. rooted in artistic traditions 
C. aesthetic in appeal 
D. easily accessible 
 
1 
 
III Complete the following by selecting the correct option from those given in the 
brackets.  
The usage of locally sourced materials makes the indigenous crafts ________ 
(traditional / eco-friendly).                                                               (Paragraph 2) 
  
1 
 
IV Select the option that is True from (a)-(c) given for what the phrase, ‘time-tested 
methods’ suggests in paragraph 2. 
A. Artisans use traditional techniques that have been refined and proven effective 
over generations 
B. Artisans use outdated practices that are no longer relevant in today's 
commercial markets. 
C. Artisans follow techniques that prioritise speed and mass production over 
craftsmanship. 
1 
 
V Complete the analogy by selecting one of the two correct options (a), (b) 
 
 fair trade: fair wages:: _______ : _______                                  (Paragraph 3) 
 
 
 
(a) employment: job security                       (b) mass production : reduced prices 
 
1 
 
3  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
VI Why is supporting indigenous crafts considered an effective way to improve the 
economic conditions of small communities?                                   (Paragraph 3) 
 
2 
 
VII What are the main ideas of paragraph 4 and paragraph 5? 
 
i) Choosing indigenous crafts helps preserve cultural heritage  
ii) Handcrafted products lack individuality. 
iii) Indigenous crafts reflect the artisan’s creativity. 
iv) Indigenous crafts promote uniformity by erasing regional differences in artistic 
traditions. 
v) Cultural homogenisation encourages people to choose indigenous crafts over 
mass-produced goods. 
 
Select the correct option.  
 
Options Main idea of paragraph 4 Main idea of paragraph 5 
A.  ii iv 
B.  v ii 
C.  i iii 
D.  iv ii 
 
 
 
1 
 
VIII Why is it important for consumers to take an active role alongside government 
and organisations in sustaining indigenous crafts?                       (Paragraph 6) 
 
2 
 
2. Read the following passage. 
 
10 
1 A recent study conducted across two age groups—students aged 10–12 and 13–16—
explored their preferences for ballpoint and micro-tip pens for various writing activities 
such as note-taking, examinations, and personal writing. The study aimed to understand 
trends in writing habits and the factors influencing pen selection among students. 
 
2 The results revealed distinct patterns based on age groups and writing purposes. Among 
students aged 10–12, 65% preferred ballpoint pens for note-taking, citing ease of use and 
affordability as key factors. However, 35% opted for micro-tip pens, valuing their precision 
and smooth writing. For examinations, ballpoint pens were the overwhelming choice, with 
78% favouring them for their speed and reliability, while 22% stuck with micro-tip pens, 
appreciating their fine control. 
 
3 In the 13–16 age group, preferences shifted slightly. For note-taking, 60% favoured micro-
tip pens, highlighting their ability to produce neat, legible notes, while 40% continued to 
use ballpoint pens. During examinations, however, 70% still relied on ballpoint pens, 
indicating their consistency under time constraints. When it came to personal writing, such 
as journalling or creative tasks, 58% in this group chose micro-tip pens, appreciating the 
aesthetic appeal of finer lines, while 42% stuck with ballpoint pens for their convenience. 
 
4 These findings point to the importance of understanding age-specific preferences and 
task requirements, enabling manufacturers to innovate products. Manufacturers could 
further explore incorporating hybrid features, such as pens offering the speed of ballpoint 
pens with the precision of micro-tip pens, to cater to a wider range of student preferences. 
Created for academic usage / 250 words  
4  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
   Answer the following questions, based on the passage above 
 
I Why did the study most likely focus on the two specific age groups of 10–12 and 
13–16?                                                                                               (Paragraph 1) 
 
This is so because these age groups ____. 
 
A. represent the largest population of growing students. 
B. are when students develop and refine their writing habits. 
C. were the easiest to survey across various schools. 
D. have a natural preference for ballpoint pens. 
 
1 
 
II Identify the phrase in paragraph 1 that conveys the writer's reference to the 
patterns or preferences observed in how students use pens for various writing 
tasks. 
 
1 
 
III Complete the following by selecting the correct option from those given in the 
brackets.                                                                                           (Paragraph 2) 
 
Geetha, aged 11, wishes to complete her practical file neatly, ensuring her work is 
legible and appealing. She is most likely to choose a micro-tip pen for this task 
because the ________ (speed / precision) offered by this type of pen helps 
produce tidy work. 
 
1 
 
IV What does the writer mean by ‘affordability’ while citing the high percentage of ball 
point pen usage?                                                                              (Paragraph 2) 
 
1 
 
V Complete the following with the correct option. 
 
When the writer says ‘distinct patterns’ in the line ‘The results revealed distinct 
patterns based on age groups and writing purposes,’ of paragraph 3, s/he means 
that _______. 
 
A. students in both age groups use pens in the same way for all the listed purposes. 
B. the preferences for pens varied according to the students' age and the type of 
writing task. 
C. only micro-tip pens were popular across all writing tasks in the 13-16 age group. 
D. students of all age groups preferred ballpoint pens for completing creative 
writing tasks. 
 
 
1 
 
VI Complete the following appropriately. 
 
The one likely reason why more than 40% of students still chose ballpoint pens for 
creative tasks, even though micro-tip pens are better suited for such activities is 
_____________________.                                                           (Paragraph 3) 
 
 
 
1 
 
VII How are ‘aesthetic appeal’ and ‘finer lines’ connected?                    (Paragraph 3) 1 
 
VIII Elaborate how hybrid features in pens would lead to a commercially viable product. 
                                                                                                           (Paragraph 4) 
 
2 
 
 
5  
Please note that the assessment scheme of the Academic Session 2024-25 will continue in the 
current session i.e. 2025-26 
IX Fill in the blank with ONE suitable word.                                           (Paragraph 4) 
 
Understanding age-specific preferences helps manufacturers design products that 
cater to the unique needs of different age groups, ensuring their products are both 
________ as well as appealing. 
1 
 
 
                                SECTION B: WRITING SKILLS & GRAMMAR            (20 marks) 
 
GRAMMAR 10 
 
3. Complete any ten of twelve of the following tasks, as directed. 
 
I Fill in the blank by using the correct form of the word in the bracket for the given 
portion of a market research: 
 
The special subscriptions of newspapers are well _____(illustrate), to make 
reading interesting for school students. 
 
1 
II Identify the error and write the correction in the given sentence from a life skills’ 
book.  
 
The road to success is not the bed of roses. 
 
Use the given format. 
                             
Error Correction 
  
 
1 
III Fill in the blank with the correct form of verb given in the brackets.  
 
I’m so happy to see my plants again! They _____ (grow) so much since I last saw 
them. 
 
1 
IV Read the given statement. 
They said to the guide, “We’d love to come here again next year.” 
 
Report it correctly by completing the following. 
They told the guide that _____. 
 
1 
V Fill in the blank by choosing the correct option to complete the conclusion of a 
letter of placing order. 
 
There would be no compromise _________the quality of items supplied. 
A. regards 
B. regard 
C. regardless 
D. regarding 
 
1 
VI Report the following by completing the sentence correctly. 
 
"Don't try mending the trousers yourself," she warned him. 
 
She warned him _____. 
 
 
1