The basic structure of a constitution includes a preamble, fundamental rights, and provisions for emergencies among other elements. What is the significance of the supremacy clause?

The supremacy clause ensures that the constitution is the highest law of the land, taking precedence over any conflicting laws or government actions.

Fill in the blank: The Golak Nath Case (1967) ruled that Fundamental Rights are ___ and ___, meaning they cannot be amended by Parliament.

Transcendental and immutable

True or False: The 24th Amendment Act (1971) affirmed that constitutional amendment acts are considered laws under Article 13.

False. The 24th Amendment Act declared that such acts would not be considered laws under Article 13.

What was the primary outcome of the Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973) regarding constitutional amendments?

The case established the Basic Structure Doctrine, ruling that while Parliament can amend the Constitution, it cannot alter its fundamental structure.

Fill in the blank: The Shankari Prasad Case (1951) was the first challenge to the constitutional validity of the ___ Amendment Act.

First

The basic structure doctrine asserts that Parliament cannot alter ___ features of the Constitution.

Fundamental

True or False: The 42nd Amendment Act declared that amendments made by Parliament cannot be questioned in court.

True

Fill in the blank: The Supreme Court invalidated a provision of the 39th Amendment Act in the ___ case.

Indira Gandhi

What was the primary outcome of the Minerva Mills case regarding the 42nd Amendment?

It invalidated the provision that excluded judicial review, affirming that Parliament cannot convert its limited power into an absolute one.

The Waman Rao case clarified that the basic structure doctrine applies to constitutional amendments enacted after ___ date.

April 24, 1973

True or False: The 24th Amendment Act was upheld in the Golak Nath case.

False - The Golak Nath case was overruled, and the 24th Amendment was upheld.

Fill in the blank: The Constitution of India ensures a ___ character, promoting the coexistence of multiple religions.

Secular

True or False: The separation of powers in the Indian Constitution is intended to create a system of checks and balances among the legislature, executive, and judiciary.

True

What is meant by the federal character of the Constitution?

It refers to the distribution of powers between the central government and the state governments, allowing both levels of government to operate independently in their respective areas.

The principle of equality in the Constitution ensures that ___ and ___ are treated equally under the law.

All individuals, regardless of their status or background

Fill in the blank: The welfare state concept in the Constitution emphasizes ___ and ___ justice.

Socio-economic

What role do Fundamental Rights play in relation to Directive Principles?

They are meant to be harmonized to ensure that individual freedoms do not undermine the goals of socio-economic justice as laid out in the Directive Principles.

Fill in the blank: The parliamentary system in India is characterized by the ___ relationship between the executive and the legislature.

Dual

True or False: Free and fair elections are not guaranteed by the Constitution of India.

False - Free and fair elections are a fundamental requirement and are guaranteed by the Constitution.