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Page 1 Cell Cycle and Cell Division Flash cards Page 2 Cell Cycle and Cell Division Flash cards Any sexually reproducing organism starts its life cycle from a single-celled Zygote , which undergoes division to form complete organism • Page 3 Cell Cycle and Cell Division Flash cards Any sexually reproducing organism starts its life cycle from a single-celled Zygote , which undergoes division to form complete organism • The stages through which a cell passes from one division to the next is called cell cycle. • Page 4 Cell Cycle and Cell Division Flash cards Any sexually reproducing organism starts its life cycle from a single-celled Zygote , which undergoes division to form complete organism • The stages through which a cell passes from one division to the next is called cell cycle. • The duration of cell cycle varies from organism to organism and from cell type to cell type. For example -Yeast progresses through the cell cycle in 9 0 minute. • Page 5 Cell Cycle and Cell Division Flash cards Any sexually reproducing organism starts its life cycle from a single-celled Zygote , which undergoes division to form complete organism • The stages through which a cell passes from one division to the next is called cell cycle. • The duration of cell cycle varies from organism to organism and from cell type to cell type. For example -Yeast progresses through the cell cycle in 9 0 minute. • The cell cycle is divided into two phase -Interphase and M- Phase. •Read More
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FAQs on Flashcards: Cell Cycle and Cell Division - Biology Class 11 - NEET
| 1. What is the cell cycle? |  |
Ans. The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur in a cell leading to its division and the production of two daughter cells. It consists of various phases, including interphase (G1, S, and G2 phases) and mitotic phase (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase). The cell cycle is essential for growth, development, and reproduction of organisms.
| 2. What are the main checkpoints in the cell cycle? | |
Ans. The cell cycle checkpoints are crucial control mechanisms that ensure the proper progression of the cell cycle. The main checkpoints are:
1. G1 Checkpoint: Also known as the restriction point, it assesses the cell's size, nutrient availability, and DNA integrity before entering the S phase.
2. G2 Checkpoint: This checkpoint verifies if DNA replication and repair have been completed successfully before entering the mitotic phase.
3. M Checkpoint: Also called the spindle checkpoint, it confirms the correct attachment of microtubules to kinetochores during metaphase, ensuring proper chromosome alignment and segregation.
| 3. What is the role of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in the cell cycle? | |
Ans. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of the cell cycle. Cyclins are proteins that undergo periodic synthesis and degradation throughout the cell cycle. They bind to CDKs, activating them and allowing them to phosphorylate specific target proteins involved in cell cycle progression.
CDKs, when activated by cyclins, phosphorylate target proteins, thereby driving the cell cycle forward. Different cyclin-CDK complexes regulate different phases of the cell cycle, ensuring proper coordination and progression.
| 4. What is the significance of cell division in multicellular organisms? | |
Ans. Cell division is crucial in multicellular organisms for several reasons:
1. Growth: Cell division allows an organism to increase in size as more cells are produced.
2. Repair and regeneration: Cell division is necessary for the replacement of damaged or dead cells, enabling the healing of wounds and tissue regeneration.
3. Development: During the development of an organism, cell division is responsible for the formation of different tissues and organs.
4. Reproduction: In multicellular organisms, cell division is involved in the production of gametes (sperm and eggs) for sexual reproduction, ensuring the continuity of the species.
| 5. What are the consequences of abnormal cell division? | |
Ans. Abnormal cell division can lead to various consequences, including:
1. Cancer: Uncontrolled cell division can result in the formation of tumors and the development of cancer. Cancer cells divide rapidly and uncontrollably, disrupting normal tissue function.
2. Genetic disorders: Errors in cell division, such as chromosomal abnormalities or gene mutations, can lead to genetic disorders or birth defects.
3. Aging: As cells divide, their telomeres (protective caps on chromosomes) shorten. When telomeres become critically short, cell division may cease, contributing to the aging process.
4. Organ dysfunction: Abnormal cell division can disrupt the normal structure and function of organs, leading to organ failure or dysfunction.
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