FAQs on Fundamentals of Physical Geography: Landforms & their Evolution- 1 Video Lecture - NCERT Video Summary: Class 6 to Class 12 (English) - UPSC
1. What are landforms in physical geography? |
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Ans. Landforms in physical geography are natural features on the Earth's surface that are formed by various geological processes such as erosion, deposition, and tectonic activities. They include mountains, valleys, plateaus, plains, hills, and other distinct formations.
2. How do landforms evolve over time? |
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Ans. Landforms evolve over time through two main processes: endogenetic and exogenetic forces. Endogenetic forces, such as tectonic activities and volcanic eruptions, shape the Earth's crust and contribute to the formation of landforms. Exogenetic forces, including weathering and erosion by wind, water, and ice, modify the existing landforms, leading to their evolution.
3. What role does erosion play in the evolution of landforms? |
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Ans. Erosion is a crucial process in the evolution of landforms. It involves the removal and transportation of weathered materials by natural agents such as rivers, glaciers, waves, and wind. Erosion carves out valleys, forms canyons, and reshapes the Earth's surface, contributing to the formation and transformation of landforms over time.
4. How do plate tectonics influence the formation of landforms? |
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Ans. Plate tectonics, the theory that explains the movement of the Earth's lithospheric plates, significantly influences the formation of landforms. When plates collide, they can create mountains and fold belts. When plates separate, they form rift valleys and mid-oceanic ridges. Plate movements also lead to volcanic activity, which contributes to the formation of volcanic landforms such as volcanoes and lava plateaus.
5. What are the major landforms found on Earth? |
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Ans. Earth exhibits a wide variety of landforms. Some of the major types include mountains (e.g., the Himalayas, the Andes), plateaus (e.g., the Deccan Plateau, the Colorado Plateau), plains (e.g., the Indo-Gangetic Plain, the Great Plains), valleys (e.g., the Grand Canyon, the Nile Valley), and coastal landforms (e.g., beaches, cliffs, estuaries). These landforms vary in their characteristics, formation processes, and geographical distribution.