Important Political Parties In The World Video Lecture | Famous Books for UPSC Exam (Summary & Tests)

Ans. The important political parties in the world vary from country to country, but some of the globally recognized ones include: - Democratic Party (United States): One of the two major parties in the United States, known for its liberal stance on social issues. - Republican Party (United States): The other major party in the United States, known for its conservative stance on social and economic issues. - Conservative Party (United Kingdom): A center-right party in the United Kingdom, advocating for economic liberalism and traditional values. - Labour Party (United Kingdom): A center-left party in the United Kingdom, focusing on social justice, workers' rights, and equality. - Communist Party of China (China): The ruling party in China, adhering to communist ideology and maintaining a socialist system.

Ans. Political parties are formed through a process that typically involves the following steps: 1. Ideological and policy development: Individuals with similar political beliefs and goals come together to develop a shared ideology and policy platform. 2. Organizational structure: A leadership structure is established, including party officials, members, and committees, to manage the party's activities and decision-making processes. 3. Party registration: In many countries, political parties need to register with relevant government authorities to gain official recognition and legal status. 4. Membership recruitment: Parties actively recruit members who support their ideology and policies, often through public campaigns, grassroots organizing, and online platforms. 5. Political participation: Once established, parties participate in elections, field candidates, and campaign for their policies to gain public support and influence political decision-making.

Ans. Political parties influence government policies through various means, including: 1. Legislative power: Parties that have a majority in a legislative body can directly propose and pass laws that align with their policy agenda. 2. Executive power: Parties that form a government can implement their policies through executive actions, such as issuing executive orders or appointing officials who share their ideology. 3. Coalition building: Parties can form alliances or coalitions with other parties to gain a majority in the legislature, allowing them to collectively shape policies. 4. Policy advocacy: Political parties use public platforms, media, and public opinion to advocate for their policies, influencing public discourse and putting pressure on the government to consider their agenda. 5. Party discipline: Party members elected to legislative bodies are expected to follow the party's policy positions and vote accordingly, ensuring party cohesion and influencing policy outcomes.

Ans. Political parties finance their activities through various sources, including: 1. Membership fees and donations: Parties often rely on financial contributions from their members and supporters, who may donate money on a regular basis or during election campaigns. 2. Fundraising events: Parties organize fundraising events, such as dinners, galas, or auctions, where attendees pay for tickets or participate in auctions to support the party financially. 3. Corporate donations: Parties may receive donations from corporations or businesses that align with their policies or seek to influence political decisions. 4. Public funding: In some countries, political parties receive public funding based on their performance in elections or the number of votes they receive, aiming to ensure fair competition and reduce the influence of private donations. 5. Government subsidies: Governments may provide subsidies to political parties to support their operational costs or election campaigns, ensuring the stability and functioning of democratic processes.

Ans. Political parties play a vital role in democracy through the following impacts: 1. Representation: Political parties represent the diverse interests and ideologies of citizens, acting as a bridge between the public and the government. 2. Political competition: Parties providing different policy options create a competitive environment, allowing voters to choose among different visions for the future and holding the government accountable. 3. Policy formulation: Parties develop policy platforms based on their ideologies and public input, shaping government agendas and ensuring policy debates reflect diverse perspectives. 4. Citizen participation: Parties engage citizens in political processes, encouraging them to join as members, volunteer, or campaign for their preferred party, fostering civic engagement. 5. Stability and governance: Parties provide a stable framework for governance, allowing for the peaceful transfer of power, negotiation, and compromise between different political actors, and facilitating the smooth functioning of democratic systems.