Important Questions (Part - 2) - World Geography | Additional Study Material for UPSC PDF Download

Ques 1: The higher the elevation of a town above the sea level, the larger the dose of something the human population is exposed to. What is it?
Ans: Cosmic rays
Cosmic raysQues 2: It has been estimated that the molecules of a pesticide like DDT may remain intact in ecosystems for:
Ans: 25 years

Ques 3: The concentration of DDT has been the maximum in the breast muscles of birds that eat:
Ans: Fish

Ques 4: When does a motor car produce the minimum amount of pollution?
Ans: Moving

Ques 5: As innocous activity as a hair-spraying can, on a large scale, drastically affect:
Ans: The ozone layer

Ques 6: Which is the largest source of the pollutant formaldehyde vapour (generally) in a room?
Ans: Furniture

Ques 7: Photocopying and other electrical equipment produce—
Ans: Ozone

Ques 8: Which is present in the ordinary tap water?
Ans: Chlorine

Ques 9: In a photochemical smog, tell which gas is the principal eye and mucous-membrane irritant?
Ans: Ozone

Ques 10: Which is the most abundant of all the hydrocarbon pollutants in the atmosphere?
Ans: Methane

Ques 11: For every kilowatt of power generated, a nuclear plant produces on an average this much more heat than a coal-fired plant:
Ans: 40%

Ques 12: Which industry's workers suffer from Byssinosis?
Ans: Textile

Ques 13: Black lung disease occurs among:
Ans: Coal miners

Ques 14: Workers suffer from asbestosis when they inhale this material while cutting, crushing and sanding it. What is it?
Ans: Asbestos
AsbestosQues 15: In industries in whihc concentrations of toxic compounds are often higher than the outside environment, workers mostly suffer from diseases involving:

Ans: The skin

Ques 16: Of the irritating dusts containing the following chemicals, tell which causes fibrosis in lungs:
Ans: Silica

Ques 17: Excessive inhalation of manganese causes:
Ans: Pneumonia

Ques 18: Which disease in children is caused by the intensive use of nitrate fertilizers?
Ans: Methemoglobinemia

Ques 19: Up to 99 per cent of cinders, fly ash and other particulate matter released during burning coal in a power station, paper mill, cement factory, etc can be removed using:
Ans: Electrostatic precipitators

Ques 20: What is the useful material left in a sugarcane after its juice has been extracted?
Ans: Bagasse
BagasseQues 21: Where is the world's largest household wastes, which does not decompose at all?
Ans: Paris

Ques 22: Which water body surrounds the North Pole?
Ans: Arctic Ocean

Ques 23: Which instrument is employed to measure the velocity of wind?
Ans: Anemometer

Ques 24: Which device is employed for collecting deep-water samples?
Ans: Nansen bottle
Ques 25: What does a tensiometer measure?
Ans: Soil moisture

Ques 26: Which technique is employed for analysing from earth some special atmospheres such as those of planets and their satellites?
Ans: Infrared emission spectroscopy

Ques 27: Which technique can map the concentration of sulphur dioxide over a whole town by operating a gadget from one location?
Ans: LIDAR

Ques 28: Toxicity is commonly measured by how much of a substance kills:
Ans: 50 per cent of exposed animals

Ques 29: Which technique is employed at sea to detect and determine the position of underwater objects and also sea-depths?
Ans: SONAR

Ques 30: Which is the standard scale employed for measuring velocities of winds?
Ans: Beaufort scale

Ques31. Which aspect of disease does epidemiology deal with?
Ans: Mass transmission

Ques 32: What is the study of trees as individuals in relationg to their environment known as?
Ans: Forest autcology

Ques 33: Bioacoustics is the study of:
Ans: Wild life sounds

Ques 34: What is a green belt?
Ans: The area of semi-rural, low density population

Ques 35: What does the term ‘Overkill’ deal with?
Ans:  Nuclear holocaust

Ques 36: What is a chemical substance or physical agent capable of inducing inheritable genetic change called?
Ans: Mutagen

Ques 37: What are hot spots?
Ans: Estimated centres of volcanic activity beneath crustal plates
HotspotsQues 38: What are Benthos?
Ans: Plants and animals living at the bottom of a sea or lake

Ques 39: What is mulch?
Ans: Dead plant material that accumulates on the ground

Ques 40: What is gene pool?
Ans: All the genes and their different alleles in a population of a plant or animal species

Ques 41: One of the major migration pathways employed by the waterfowl is known as a:
Ans: Flyway

Ques 42: Any living thing that successfully competes with people for food, space, or other essential needs is called:
Ans: Pest

Ques 43: A random change in the distribution of genes in a population as the number of individuals in the population decreases is known as:
Ans: Genetic drift

Ques 44: The marine life that migrated to the Red Sea or Mediterranean, when the Suez Canal was opened, is known ecologically as:
Ans: Lessepsian migrants

Ques 45: Where is the deepest spot in the oceans located?
Ans: Mariana Trench, Pacific

Ques 46: Which is the mathematically constructed spiral that describes the effect of wind on the ocean?
Ans: Ekman spieal

Ques 47: When did the United Nations put into force the law of the Sea?
Ans: 1982

Ques 48: Which regions of oceans and seas are mined for petroleum?
Ans: Continental shelves

Ques 49: What is the origin of an atoll?
Ans: Volcano
VolcanoQues 50: The occasional, rhythmic rise and fall of water in closed lagoons or bays is known as:
Ans: Seiche