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Indian Constitution at Work: Local Government Video Lecture | NCERT Video Summary: Class 6 to Class 12 (English) - UPSC

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FAQs on Indian Constitution at Work: Local Government Video Lecture - NCERT Video Summary: Class 6 to Class 12 (English) - UPSC

1. How does the Indian Constitution empower local governments?
Ans. The Indian Constitution empowers local governments through the provisions of the 73rd and 74th Amendments. These amendments grant constitutional status to the Panchayats and Municipalities, respectively, and provide them with the power to function as self-governing institutions at the grassroots level. They have the authority to plan and implement various development programs and policies, collect taxes, and exercise control over local resources.
2. What are the key features of the local government system in India?
Ans. The key features of the local government system in India are as follows: - Decentralization of power and decision-making to the local level. - Three-tier system consisting of Gram Panchayats at the village level, Panchayat Samitis at the block level, and Zilla Parishads at the district level. - Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and women in local government bodies. - Direct elections for members of local government bodies. - Functioning as institutions of self-government with powers and responsibilities for local planning, development, and administration.
3. What is the role of local governments in the development process of India?
Ans. Local governments play a crucial role in the development process of India. They are responsible for implementing various development programs and policies at the grassroots level. Some of their key roles include: - Planning and implementing local development schemes and projects. - Providing basic services such as water supply, sanitation, and healthcare. - Promoting rural development, agriculture, and livelihood opportunities. - Ensuring social justice through the implementation of welfare schemes. - Participating in disaster management and emergency response. - Facilitating citizen participation and empowerment in the decision-making process.
4. How are local governments funded in India?
Ans. Local governments in India are funded through various sources, including: - Grants-in-aid from the central and state governments. - Revenue generated through local taxes, such as property tax, water tax, and entertainment tax. - Devolution of funds from higher levels of government based on the recommendations of Finance Commissions. - Borrowings from financial institutions. - Income generated through local resources and services, such as market fees and license fees.
5. What are the challenges faced by local governments in India?
Ans. Local governments in India face several challenges, including: - Limited financial resources and over-dependence on grants from higher levels of government. - Lack of skilled manpower and administrative capacity. - Political interference and lack of autonomy in decision-making. - Inadequate participation of marginalized sections of society in local governance. - Weak infrastructure and inadequate provision of basic services. - Insufficient awareness and understanding among citizens about the role and functioning of local governments.
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