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Indicators - Acids, Bases and Salts Notes | EduRev

Science Class 10

Class 10 : Indicators - Acids, Bases and Salts Notes | EduRev

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Indicators

The substances that show different colours in different mediums or the substances that are used to distinguish between an acid and base are called indicators.

Indicators - Acids, Bases and Salts Notes | EduRev Colours of Different Indicators on pH scale

Indicators - Acids, Bases and Salts Notes | EduRev pH value shown by different coloursTypes of Indicators

1. Natural Indicators: The indicators obtained from plants are called natural indicators.
(a) Litmus

Litmus is a natural indicator which is extracted from “Lichens”, a plant belonging to thallophyta group. It is purple in colour. The pH range for litmus is 4.5 - 8.3 at room temperature.
There are 2 types of litmus solution:
(i) Red Litmus: It is obtained by acidifying purple litmus extract
(ii) Blue Litmus: It is obtained by making purple litmus extract alkaline
In the laboratory litmus is available in the form of litmus paper; Red litmus and blue litmus paper.Red and Blue Litmus Paper

(b) Turmeric

It is yellow in colour and turns red in the base and remains yellow in acids.

2. Synthetic Indicators: These indicators are manufactured in laboratories.
(a) Methyl Orange

It is orange in colour and turns red in acids and yellow in the base.

(b) Phenolphthalein

It is colourless and remains colourless in acids and turns pink in the base.

3. Olfactory Indicators: These indicators change their smell when dipped in acid and base.
(a) Onion Extracts

Retains its smell in acid and loses in base.

(b) Vanilla Extracts

Retains its smell in acid and loses in base.

Table: Indicator Change in acidic medium

Table: Indicator change in basic medium
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Dr Manju Sen

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