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Indus Valley Civilization - 3 Video Lecture | Crash course for UPSC (Hindi)

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1. What is the significance of the Indus Valley Civilization?
Ans. The Indus Valley Civilization is significant because it was one of the world's earliest urban societies, with advanced infrastructure and well-planned cities. It had a sophisticated drainage system, standardized weights and measures, and evidence of trade networks. It also had a script that is yet to be fully deciphered, providing valuable insights into ancient communication systems.
2. How did the Indus Valley Civilization decline?
Ans. The decline of the Indus Valley Civilization is still a subject of debate among historians and archaeologists. Some theories suggest that environmental factors such as climate change, floods, and droughts played a role. Others propose that invasion or internal conflicts may have contributed to its downfall. The lack of concrete evidence makes it difficult to pinpoint a specific reason for its decline.
3. What were the major cities of the Indus Valley Civilization?
Ans. The major cities of the Indus Valley Civilization included Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, both of which were large and well-planned cities. Harappa was located in present-day Pakistan, while Mohenjo-daro was situated in present-day Pakistan and India. These cities were centers of trade, administration, and culture, with evidence of advanced urban planning and infrastructure.
4. What were the main economic activities of the Indus Valley Civilization?
Ans. The main economic activities of the Indus Valley Civilization were agriculture and trade. The fertile floodplains of the Indus River allowed for successful agricultural practices, with evidence of wheat, barley, and cotton cultivation. Trade was facilitated through the use of standardized weights and measures, and goods such as pottery, beads, and precious stones were exchanged with neighboring regions.
5. What is the current state of archaeological research on the Indus Valley Civilization?
Ans. Archaeological research on the Indus Valley Civilization is ongoing, with new discoveries and insights continually emerging. Excavations at various sites, including Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, have provided valuable artifacts and information about the civilization. However, the Indus script remains undeciphered, posing a challenge to fully understanding the civilization's written records. Ongoing research aims to unravel more mysteries and expand our knowledge of this ancient civilization.
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