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Intermolecular Forces Video Lecture | Chemistry Class 11 - NEET

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FAQs on Intermolecular Forces Video Lecture - Chemistry Class 11 - NEET

1. What are intermolecular forces?
Ans. Intermolecular forces are attractive or repulsive forces that exist between molecules. These forces play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances, such as boiling point, melting point, and viscosity.
2. What are the different types of intermolecular forces?
Ans. The main types of intermolecular forces are London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonding. London dispersion forces are present in all molecules and arise from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution. Dipole-dipole forces occur between polar molecules due to the attraction between positive and negative ends. Hydrogen bonding is a particularly strong type of dipole-dipole force that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative elements like oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine.
3. How do intermolecular forces affect boiling points?
Ans. Intermolecular forces influence the boiling point of a substance. Substances with stronger intermolecular forces generally have higher boiling points because more energy is required to break these forces and convert the substance from a liquid to a gas. For example, substances with hydrogen bonding, such as water, have higher boiling points compared to substances with only London dispersion forces, such as methane.
4. Can intermolecular forces affect solubility?
Ans. Yes, intermolecular forces can have a significant impact on solubility. Like dissolves like, meaning substances with similar intermolecular forces tend to dissolve in each other. For example, polar solvents like water can dissolve polar solutes such as sugar or salt due to the attraction between their positive and negative ends. Nonpolar solvents like oil can dissolve nonpolar solutes like oil-based dyes. The strength of intermolecular forces in the solvent and solute determines the extent of solubility.
5. How do intermolecular forces affect the physical state of a substance?
Ans. Intermolecular forces strongly influence the physical state of a substance. If intermolecular forces are relatively weak, such as in gases, the substance exists as individual molecules with high kinetic energy and low attractive forces. Liquids have stronger intermolecular forces, resulting in closer molecular proximity and moderate kinetic energy. Solids have the strongest intermolecular forces, causing molecules to be tightly packed and have low kinetic energy.
172 videos|306 docs|152 tests
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