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Irrigation Video Lecture | Lucent for GK - UPSC

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1. What are the main types of irrigation systems?
Ans. The main types of irrigation systems include surface irrigation, drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and subsurface irrigation. Surface irrigation involves water flowing over the soil surface, while drip irrigation delivers water directly to the plant roots through a network of tubing. Sprinkler irrigation mimics natural rainfall by distributing water through a system of pipes and spray heads. Subsurface irrigation places water below the soil surface, which can improve efficiency and reduce evaporation.
2. How does drip irrigation work?
Ans. Drip irrigation works by delivering water slowly and directly to the roots of plants through a system of tubes, pipes, and emitters. This system minimizes water waste by reducing evaporation and runoff, ensuring that plants receive a consistent and adequate supply of moisture. Drip irrigation is particularly effective for row crops, orchards, and vineyards as it can be easily adjusted for different plant needs.
3. What are the benefits of using sprinkler irrigation?
Ans. The benefits of using sprinkler irrigation include efficient water use, versatility in application, and the ability to cover large areas. Sprinkler systems can be designed to suit various terrains and crop types, making them suitable for both agricultural and landscape irrigation. Additionally, they can help reduce soil erosion and prevent diseases by keeping foliage dry.
4. What factors should be considered when choosing an irrigation system?
Ans. When choosing an irrigation system, several factors should be considered, including the type of crops being grown, soil characteristics, climate conditions, water availability, and budget constraints. It's also important to assess the topography of the land and any local regulations regarding water usage. Proper planning can lead to more efficient water management and better crop yields.
5. How can irrigation efficiency be improved?
Ans. Irrigation efficiency can be improved by implementing advanced technologies such as soil moisture sensors, weather-based irrigation controllers, and drip irrigation systems. Regular maintenance of irrigation equipment is also crucial to prevent leaks and malfunctions. Additionally, practicing proper scheduling of irrigation based on plant needs and environmental conditions can significantly enhance water use efficiency.
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