Kurukshetra Magazine October 2022 - 3 (Hindi) | Monthly Yojana & Kurukshetra Magazine in Hindi - UPSC PDF Download

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vDVwcj 2022
µMk- ih;w"k xks;y
m
|ferk ml vkfFkZd fØ;k ls lEcaf/kr gS] ftlesa ubZ [kkst 
vkSj uokpkj ¼bUuksos'ku½ ds }kjk dksbZ u, mRikn dk 
mRiknu djds thfodksiktZu ;k O;kolkf;d ykHk dks çkIr 
fd;k tkrk gSA vkt ds cnyrs ifjos'k esa f'k{kk ds cqfu;knh 
mUeq[khdj.k] —f"k m|ferk ¼,xzh&bUVjçsU;ksjf'ki½ vkSj dq'ky 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds lkFk xzkeh.k {ks=ksa dks et+cwr djus dh 
csgn vko';drk gSA o"kZ 1952 esa f'k{kk esa —f"k m|ferk ds 
fy, Þ/kkj desVhß dh vuq'kalk ij Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku 
¼vkbZvkbZVh½] [kM+xiqj esa Þ—f"k ,oa [kk| bathfu;fjaxß esa chVsd 
dh f'k{kk çkjEHk gqbZ FkhA fofHkUu —f"k fo|ky;ksa ds çkjfEHkd 
ikB~îØe esa [kk| dks tksMus ls [kk| bathfu;fjax vkSj [kk| 
çlaLdj.k dh vksj T+;knk :>ku gksus ls —f"k vkSj —f"k m|ferk 
dh yksdfç;rk de gksrh xbZA bl le; —f"k dks dEI;wVj vkSj 
lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh tSls mi;ksxh fo"k; dk ntkZ Hkh gkfly ugha 
gks ik jgk gSA
Hkkjr nqfu;k dk lcls ;qok vkSj lcls vf/kd —f"k mRiknu 
djus okyk ns'k gSA lHkh ns'kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ldy jk"Vªh; 
vk; ds vkadyu dk ewy vk/kkj —f"k mRiknu gh gSA dbZ [kkM+h 
d`f"k m|ferk fodkl dh fn'kk esa igy
—f"k m|ferk ls —f"k fodkl dh laHkkouk,a
—f"k esa lEHkkoukvksa ds –f"Vdks.k ls ckr djsa] rks vkt Hkh Hkkjr viuh —f"k ,oa ekuo lalk/ku {kerk dk ek= 
10 izfr'kr ewY; gh çkIr dj ikrk gS] D;ksafd —f"k mRiknksa ds fy, —f"k ckt+kj] HkaMkj.k vkSj ;qok oxZ dks 
jkst+xkj dh dksbZ mi;qZä O;oLFkk ugha gSA —f"k xfrfof/k;ksa esa mudh jpukRed Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr dj 
dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk esa mudh {kerkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djuk vkt dh t+:jr gSA —f"k gh ,d ,slk {ks= 
gS] tgka iw¡thxr vkSj e'khujh ykxr vU; m|ksxksa dh rqyuk esa ux.; gSA vr% ;qokvksa dks vk/kqfud Kku] dkS'ky 
vkSj ubZ lEHkkoukvksa ds lkFk f'kf{kr vkSj çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,] ftlls og ukSdjh ds ihNs u Hkkxdj nwljksa dks 
ukSdjh nsus ds yk;d cu ldasA
dkS'ky fodkl
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34
vDVwcj 2022
µMk- ih;w"k xks;y
m
|ferk ml vkfFkZd fØ;k ls lEcaf/kr gS] ftlesa ubZ [kkst 
vkSj uokpkj ¼bUuksos'ku½ ds }kjk dksbZ u, mRikn dk 
mRiknu djds thfodksiktZu ;k O;kolkf;d ykHk dks çkIr 
fd;k tkrk gSA vkt ds cnyrs ifjos'k esa f'k{kk ds cqfu;knh 
mUeq[khdj.k] —f"k m|ferk ¼,xzh&bUVjçsU;ksjf'ki½ vkSj dq'ky 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds lkFk xzkeh.k {ks=ksa dks et+cwr djus dh 
csgn vko';drk gSA o"kZ 1952 esa f'k{kk esa —f"k m|ferk ds 
fy, Þ/kkj desVhß dh vuq'kalk ij Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku 
¼vkbZvkbZVh½] [kM+xiqj esa Þ—f"k ,oa [kk| bathfu;fjaxß esa chVsd 
dh f'k{kk çkjEHk gqbZ FkhA fofHkUu —f"k fo|ky;ksa ds çkjfEHkd 
ikB~îØe esa [kk| dks tksMus ls [kk| bathfu;fjax vkSj [kk| 
çlaLdj.k dh vksj T+;knk :>ku gksus ls —f"k vkSj —f"k m|ferk 
dh yksdfç;rk de gksrh xbZA bl le; —f"k dks dEI;wVj vkSj 
lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh tSls mi;ksxh fo"k; dk ntkZ Hkh gkfly ugha 
gks ik jgk gSA
Hkkjr nqfu;k dk lcls ;qok vkSj lcls vf/kd —f"k mRiknu 
djus okyk ns'k gSA lHkh ns'kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ldy jk"Vªh; 
vk; ds vkadyu dk ewy vk/kkj —f"k mRiknu gh gSA dbZ [kkM+h 
d`f"k m|ferk fodkl dh fn'kk esa igy
—f"k m|ferk ls —f"k fodkl dh laHkkouk,a
—f"k esa lEHkkoukvksa ds –f"Vdks.k ls ckr djsa] rks vkt Hkh Hkkjr viuh —f"k ,oa ekuo lalk/ku {kerk dk ek= 
10 izfr'kr ewY; gh çkIr dj ikrk gS] D;ksafd —f"k mRiknksa ds fy, —f"k ckt+kj] HkaMkj.k vkSj ;qok oxZ dks 
jkst+xkj dh dksbZ mi;qZä O;oLFkk ugha gSA —f"k xfrfof/k;ksa esa mudh jpukRed Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr dj 
dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk esa mudh {kerkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djuk vkt dh t+:jr gSA —f"k gh ,d ,slk {ks= 
gS] tgka iw¡thxr vkSj e'khujh ykxr vU; m|ksxksa dh rqyuk esa ux.; gSA vr% ;qokvksa dks vk/kqfud Kku] dkS'ky 
vkSj ubZ lEHkkoukvksa ds lkFk f'kf{kr vkSj çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,] ftlls og ukSdjh ds ihNs u Hkkxdj nwljksa dks 
ukSdjh nsus ds yk;d cu ldasA
dkS'ky fodkl
35
vDVwcj 2022
ns'kksa esa —f"k mRiknu ux.; gksus ls fu;kZr dh vuar lEHkkouk,a 
gSaA Hkkjr esa 15 ls 29 o"kZ ds ;qokvksa dk ldy jk"Vªh; vk; esa 
34 izfr'kr ds yxHkx ;ksxnku gSA —f"k gh ,d ,slk {ks= gS] tgka 
iw¡thxr vkSj e'khujh ykxr vU; m|ksxksa dh rqyuk esa ux.; 
gSA vr% ;qokvksa dks vk/kqfud Kku] dkS'ky vkSj ubZ lEHkkoukvksa 
ds lkFk f'kf{kr vkSj çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,] ftlls og ukSdjh 
ds ihNs u Hkkxdj nwljksa dks ukSdjh nsus ds yk;d cu ldasA 
—f"k esa lEHkkoukvksa ds –f"Vdks.k ls ckr djsa] rks vkt Hkh Hkkjr 
vius —f"k ,oa ekuo lalk/ku {kerk dk ek= 10 izfr'kr ewY; 
gh çkIr dj ikrk gS] D;ksafd —f"k mRiknksa ds fy, —f"k ckt+kj] 
HkaMkj.k vkSj ;qok oxZ dks jkst+xkj dh dksbZ mi;qZä O;oLFkk ugha 
gSA —f"k xfrfof/k;ksa esa mudh jpukRed Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr 
dj dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk esa mudh {kerkvksa dks çksRlkfgr 
djuk vkt dh t+:jr gSA
vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr dh ifjdYiuk ds pyrs ;qokvksa dks —f"k 
vkSj mlls tqM+s {ks=ksa esa ubZ laHkkoukvksa tSls ÞLVkVZviß ds 
ek/;e ls —f"k m|ferk dh tkudkjh vkSj fodkl] vuqnku] 
_.k] çf'k{k.k vkSj de ykxr esa m|ksx LFkkfir djus dh vksj 
çsfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ÞLVkVZviß ,d ,slh dEiuh gksrh 
gS] tks O;olk; ds 'kq#vkrh pj.k esa ,d ;k vf/kd m|fe;ksa  
}kjk LFkkfir dh tkrh gSA vkerkSj ij LVkVZvi mPp ykxr vkSj 
lhfer jktLo ds lkFk 'kq: gksrh gS] ij t+ehu ij mrjus ls 
igys ;g ckgjh fuos'k] fuf/k ;k vuqnku ftlesa ifjokj] nksLr] 
m|e iwathifr] ØkmMQafMax vkSj _.k vkfn 'kkfey gSa] ls èku 
tqVkus dk ç;kl djrs gSaA T+;knkrj buds ikl iwjh rjg ls 
fodflr O;olk; e‚My ugha gksrk ,oa tksf[ke vkSj foQyrk dh 
laHkkouk,sa cuh jgrh gSa ij ykHk] uokpkj ¼bUuksos'ku½ dks lh[kus 
ds fy, ;g ,d mfpr IysVQkeZ çnku djrs gSaA
—f"k vkSj m|ferk lEcaf/kr ;kstuk,a 
—f"k jkT; lwph dk fo"k; gS] ftlesa dsUæ dh Hkwfedk lhfer 
gks tkrh gSA vr% jkT; Lrj ij —f"k esa m|ferk] —f"k LVkVZvi vkSj 
ubZ rduhdksa ds ek/;e ls fdlkuksa dks u, fodYiksa dh tkudkjh] 
dPps eky dh miyC/krk] [kk| lqj{kk] —f"k {ks= esa i;kZoj.k çHkkoksa 
rFkk tyok;q çsfjr vkinkvksa ls gksus okyh gkfu ls voxr djkrs 
jguk pkfg,A blds vykok ÞDykbesV LekVZ foystß dh vo/kkj.kk  
ds lkFk jkT;&Lrjh; ,tsafl;ksa dks vk¡dMha dk ys[kk&tks[kk] 
ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh igpku] uhfr fuekZ.k ,oa fu/kkZj.k vkfn ls voxr 
jguk pkfg,A ftu Qlyksa dks U;wure leFkZu ewY; dk dop 
gkfly ugha gS] mUgsa vkt Hkh fdlku gj nwljs&rhljs o"kZ lM+dksa 
ij Qsadus dks et+cwj gks tkrs gSa] D;ksafd ckt+kj ls fey jgh 
dher ls mudk HkkM+k rd ugha fudyrk gSA ekuk tk jgk gS 
fd jí gq, rhuksa —f"k dkuwu fdlkuksa vkSj [ksrh dks ca/kueqä dj 
—f"k {ks= ds O;olk;hdj.k vkSj vk/kqfudhdj.k dh jkg cukus 
okys Fks] D;ksafd ;g ç'u vHkh vuqÙkfjr gS fd —f"k mRiknksa 
dk ewY; ra= fdl çdkj fdlku ;k i'kqikyd ds fu;a=.k esa 
yk;k tk ldsA Þmit gekjh vkSj dkjksckj rqEgkjkß ds pyrs 
vkRefuHkZjrk dk liuk v/kwjk&lk gS] vkSj xzkeh.k {ks= ;k ^xkao^ 
fodkl ds tuinh; vfHkys[kksa esa futhZo gksdj ek= la[;kRed 
MkVk la;kstu rd gh lhfer jg x, gSaA ;fn xzkelHkk [kqn 
lgdkjh mRiknd foØ; lfefr@la?k cukdj xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk 
esa ;ksxnku djs rks vkus okys dy esa ubZ vk'kk,a iSnk gks ldrh 
gSa] tks ns'k&çns'k ds usr`Ro ds }kjk fy, x, ldkjkRed fu.kZ;ksa 
ij fuHkZj gksaxhA
dsaæ ljdkj us 25&30 vçSy] 2022 rd fdlkuksa dks lhèks 
ykHk igq¡pkus ds mís'; ls vkt+knh ds ve`r egksRlo dk;ZØe ds 
rgr Þfdlku Hkkxhnkjh] çkFkfedrk gekjhß vfHk;ku ds pyrs 
fdlkuksa dks —f"k m|ferk] uokpkj vkSj vuqla/kku }kjk —f"k foLrkj vkSj 
u, mRiknksa ds l`tu dh vksj çsfjr djuk
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34
vDVwcj 2022
µMk- ih;w"k xks;y
m
|ferk ml vkfFkZd fØ;k ls lEcaf/kr gS] ftlesa ubZ [kkst 
vkSj uokpkj ¼bUuksos'ku½ ds }kjk dksbZ u, mRikn dk 
mRiknu djds thfodksiktZu ;k O;kolkf;d ykHk dks çkIr 
fd;k tkrk gSA vkt ds cnyrs ifjos'k esa f'k{kk ds cqfu;knh 
mUeq[khdj.k] —f"k m|ferk ¼,xzh&bUVjçsU;ksjf'ki½ vkSj dq'ky 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds lkFk xzkeh.k {ks=ksa dks et+cwr djus dh 
csgn vko';drk gSA o"kZ 1952 esa f'k{kk esa —f"k m|ferk ds 
fy, Þ/kkj desVhß dh vuq'kalk ij Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku 
¼vkbZvkbZVh½] [kM+xiqj esa Þ—f"k ,oa [kk| bathfu;fjaxß esa chVsd 
dh f'k{kk çkjEHk gqbZ FkhA fofHkUu —f"k fo|ky;ksa ds çkjfEHkd 
ikB~îØe esa [kk| dks tksMus ls [kk| bathfu;fjax vkSj [kk| 
çlaLdj.k dh vksj T+;knk :>ku gksus ls —f"k vkSj —f"k m|ferk 
dh yksdfç;rk de gksrh xbZA bl le; —f"k dks dEI;wVj vkSj 
lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh tSls mi;ksxh fo"k; dk ntkZ Hkh gkfly ugha 
gks ik jgk gSA
Hkkjr nqfu;k dk lcls ;qok vkSj lcls vf/kd —f"k mRiknu 
djus okyk ns'k gSA lHkh ns'kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ldy jk"Vªh; 
vk; ds vkadyu dk ewy vk/kkj —f"k mRiknu gh gSA dbZ [kkM+h 
d`f"k m|ferk fodkl dh fn'kk esa igy
—f"k m|ferk ls —f"k fodkl dh laHkkouk,a
—f"k esa lEHkkoukvksa ds –f"Vdks.k ls ckr djsa] rks vkt Hkh Hkkjr viuh —f"k ,oa ekuo lalk/ku {kerk dk ek= 
10 izfr'kr ewY; gh çkIr dj ikrk gS] D;ksafd —f"k mRiknksa ds fy, —f"k ckt+kj] HkaMkj.k vkSj ;qok oxZ dks 
jkst+xkj dh dksbZ mi;qZä O;oLFkk ugha gSA —f"k xfrfof/k;ksa esa mudh jpukRed Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr dj 
dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk esa mudh {kerkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djuk vkt dh t+:jr gSA —f"k gh ,d ,slk {ks= 
gS] tgka iw¡thxr vkSj e'khujh ykxr vU; m|ksxksa dh rqyuk esa ux.; gSA vr% ;qokvksa dks vk/kqfud Kku] dkS'ky 
vkSj ubZ lEHkkoukvksa ds lkFk f'kf{kr vkSj çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,] ftlls og ukSdjh ds ihNs u Hkkxdj nwljksa dks 
ukSdjh nsus ds yk;d cu ldasA
dkS'ky fodkl
35
vDVwcj 2022
ns'kksa esa —f"k mRiknu ux.; gksus ls fu;kZr dh vuar lEHkkouk,a 
gSaA Hkkjr esa 15 ls 29 o"kZ ds ;qokvksa dk ldy jk"Vªh; vk; esa 
34 izfr'kr ds yxHkx ;ksxnku gSA —f"k gh ,d ,slk {ks= gS] tgka 
iw¡thxr vkSj e'khujh ykxr vU; m|ksxksa dh rqyuk esa ux.; 
gSA vr% ;qokvksa dks vk/kqfud Kku] dkS'ky vkSj ubZ lEHkkoukvksa 
ds lkFk f'kf{kr vkSj çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,] ftlls og ukSdjh 
ds ihNs u Hkkxdj nwljksa dks ukSdjh nsus ds yk;d cu ldasA 
—f"k esa lEHkkoukvksa ds –f"Vdks.k ls ckr djsa] rks vkt Hkh Hkkjr 
vius —f"k ,oa ekuo lalk/ku {kerk dk ek= 10 izfr'kr ewY; 
gh çkIr dj ikrk gS] D;ksafd —f"k mRiknksa ds fy, —f"k ckt+kj] 
HkaMkj.k vkSj ;qok oxZ dks jkst+xkj dh dksbZ mi;qZä O;oLFkk ugha 
gSA —f"k xfrfof/k;ksa esa mudh jpukRed Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr 
dj dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk esa mudh {kerkvksa dks çksRlkfgr 
djuk vkt dh t+:jr gSA
vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr dh ifjdYiuk ds pyrs ;qokvksa dks —f"k 
vkSj mlls tqM+s {ks=ksa esa ubZ laHkkoukvksa tSls ÞLVkVZviß ds 
ek/;e ls —f"k m|ferk dh tkudkjh vkSj fodkl] vuqnku] 
_.k] çf'k{k.k vkSj de ykxr esa m|ksx LFkkfir djus dh vksj 
çsfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ÞLVkVZviß ,d ,slh dEiuh gksrh 
gS] tks O;olk; ds 'kq#vkrh pj.k esa ,d ;k vf/kd m|fe;ksa  
}kjk LFkkfir dh tkrh gSA vkerkSj ij LVkVZvi mPp ykxr vkSj 
lhfer jktLo ds lkFk 'kq: gksrh gS] ij t+ehu ij mrjus ls 
igys ;g ckgjh fuos'k] fuf/k ;k vuqnku ftlesa ifjokj] nksLr] 
m|e iwathifr] ØkmMQafMax vkSj _.k vkfn 'kkfey gSa] ls èku 
tqVkus dk ç;kl djrs gSaA T+;knkrj buds ikl iwjh rjg ls 
fodflr O;olk; e‚My ugha gksrk ,oa tksf[ke vkSj foQyrk dh 
laHkkouk,sa cuh jgrh gSa ij ykHk] uokpkj ¼bUuksos'ku½ dks lh[kus 
ds fy, ;g ,d mfpr IysVQkeZ çnku djrs gSaA
—f"k vkSj m|ferk lEcaf/kr ;kstuk,a 
—f"k jkT; lwph dk fo"k; gS] ftlesa dsUæ dh Hkwfedk lhfer 
gks tkrh gSA vr% jkT; Lrj ij —f"k esa m|ferk] —f"k LVkVZvi vkSj 
ubZ rduhdksa ds ek/;e ls fdlkuksa dks u, fodYiksa dh tkudkjh] 
dPps eky dh miyC/krk] [kk| lqj{kk] —f"k {ks= esa i;kZoj.k çHkkoksa 
rFkk tyok;q çsfjr vkinkvksa ls gksus okyh gkfu ls voxr djkrs 
jguk pkfg,A blds vykok ÞDykbesV LekVZ foystß dh vo/kkj.kk  
ds lkFk jkT;&Lrjh; ,tsafl;ksa dks vk¡dMha dk ys[kk&tks[kk] 
ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh igpku] uhfr fuekZ.k ,oa fu/kkZj.k vkfn ls voxr 
jguk pkfg,A ftu Qlyksa dks U;wure leFkZu ewY; dk dop 
gkfly ugha gS] mUgsa vkt Hkh fdlku gj nwljs&rhljs o"kZ lM+dksa 
ij Qsadus dks et+cwj gks tkrs gSa] D;ksafd ckt+kj ls fey jgh 
dher ls mudk HkkM+k rd ugha fudyrk gSA ekuk tk jgk gS 
fd jí gq, rhuksa —f"k dkuwu fdlkuksa vkSj [ksrh dks ca/kueqä dj 
—f"k {ks= ds O;olk;hdj.k vkSj vk/kqfudhdj.k dh jkg cukus 
okys Fks] D;ksafd ;g ç'u vHkh vuqÙkfjr gS fd —f"k mRiknksa 
dk ewY; ra= fdl çdkj fdlku ;k i'kqikyd ds fu;a=.k esa 
yk;k tk ldsA Þmit gekjh vkSj dkjksckj rqEgkjkß ds pyrs 
vkRefuHkZjrk dk liuk v/kwjk&lk gS] vkSj xzkeh.k {ks= ;k ^xkao^ 
fodkl ds tuinh; vfHkys[kksa esa futhZo gksdj ek= la[;kRed 
MkVk la;kstu rd gh lhfer jg x, gSaA ;fn xzkelHkk [kqn 
lgdkjh mRiknd foØ; lfefr@la?k cukdj xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk 
esa ;ksxnku djs rks vkus okys dy esa ubZ vk'kk,a iSnk gks ldrh 
gSa] tks ns'k&çns'k ds usr`Ro ds }kjk fy, x, ldkjkRed fu.kZ;ksa 
ij fuHkZj gksaxhA
dsaæ ljdkj us 25&30 vçSy] 2022 rd fdlkuksa dks lhèks 
ykHk igq¡pkus ds mís'; ls vkt+knh ds ve`r egksRlo dk;ZØe ds 
rgr Þfdlku Hkkxhnkjh] çkFkfedrk gekjhß vfHk;ku ds pyrs 
fdlkuksa dks —f"k m|ferk] uokpkj vkSj vuqla/kku }kjk —f"k foLrkj vkSj 
u, mRiknksa ds l`tu dh vksj çsfjr djuk
36
vDVwcj 2022
dqN —f"k ;kstukvksa dh xfrfof/k;ksa vkSj miyfC/k;ksa dks js[kkafdr 
fd;k& 
 y ç/kkuea=h fdlku lEeku fuf/k 
 y ç/kkuea=h Qly chek ;kstuk 
 y ç/kkuea=h —f"k flapkbZ ;kstuk 
 y çèkkuea=h fdlku eku/ku ;kstuk 
 y fdlku ØsfMV dkMZ 
 y —f"k _.k 
 y bZ&jk"Vªh; —f"k ckt+kj ¼bZ&,u,,e½ 
 y fdlku mRiknd laxBu ¼,Qihvks½ 
 y e`nk LokLF; dkMZ 
 y tSfod vkSj çk—frd [ksrh 
 y ikS/k laj{k.k vkSj ikS/k laxjks/k 
 y e/kqeD[kh ikyu 
 y QkeZ e'khuhdj.k 
 y jk"Vªh; [kk| lqj{kk fe'ku 
 y cht vkSj jksi.k lkexzh 
 y ckxokuh ds lesfdr fodkl ij fe'ku 
 y foLrkj lq/kkj ¼,Vh,e,½ 
 y vkjdsohokbZ&j¶rkj&—f"k LVkVZvi] vkfn 
dk;ZØe ds rgr fiN~ys 75 o"kZ dh miyfC/k;ksa dks /;ku esa 
j[krs gq, gfjrØkafr ls [kk|kUu mRiknu] ckxokuh Qlyksa] Qly 
flapkbZ lq/kkj] ihyh Økafr ¼v‚ijs'ku xksYMu ¶yks½] ehBh Økafr 
¼'kgn mRiknu½] —f"k esa tSo çkS|ksfxdh vkSj vuqla/kku] cht 
vkSj moZjd esa vkRefuHkZjrk] —f"k esa vkbZlhVh@fjeksV lsaflax 
thvkbZ,l@Mªksu ds mi;ksx] ty laj{k.k fodkl dk;ZØe] —f"k 
;a=hdj.k esa mUufr] dhVksa dk çHkkoh çca/ku] e`nk LokLF; tSls 
fo"k;ksa ij vkSj vf/kd dk;Z djus ij t+ksj fn;k x;k gSA
29 ebZ] 2017 esa ,d jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl ;kstuk] ftlesa 
—f"k {ks=ksa esa fodkl ds fy, vfrfjä lgk;rk nsus dk çkoèkku 
gS] dh 'kq#vkr gqbZA 11oha iapo"khZ; ;kstuk ls —f"k {ks= esa 4 
izfr'kr dh o`f) nj vftZr djus ds y{; ls 'kq: gqbZ bl 
;kstuk esa 2007&08 ls 2014&15 rd 100 izfr'kr /kujkf'k 
dsaæh; lgk;rk ds :i esa nh tkrh Fkh] vkSj bls 12oha iapo"khZ; 
;kstuk ¼2012&17½ rd c<+k;k x;k FkkA o"kZ 2015&16 esa dsaæ 
,oa jkT; dh fgLlsnkjh dks Øe'k% 60%40 çfr'kr djds 25]000 
djksM #i;s ds çkFkfed ctV ds lkFk jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl 
;kstuk&j¶rkj ¼vkjdsohokbZ&j¶rkj½ ds u, fn'kkfunsZ'k dks 
vkxkeh rhu o"kZ ¼2017&18 ls 2019&20 ½ ds fy, tkjh fd;k 
x;k] ftlls —f"k {ks= esa okf"kZd o`f) nj] —f"k vkSj lEcaf/kr 
{ks=ksa esa lkoZtfud fodkl rFkk fdlkuksa dks vf/kdre ykHk nsus 
dk y{; lqfuf'pr djuk FkkA blds lQyrkiwoZd dk;kZUo;u 
dh ft+Eesnkjh jk"Vªh; —f"k foHkkx dks lkSiha xbZ gS] ftldh 
lwpuk mudh vf/kdkfjd osclkbV www.rkvy.nic.in ij ns[kh 
tk ldrh gSA o"kZ 2022 ds igys fnu ç/kkuea=h us ih,e fdlku 
;kstuk ds rgr nloha fd'r 10-09 djksM+ #i;s dh tkjh djus 
dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
o"kZ 2018 esa dsaæh; eaf=eaMy us ,d lexz ;kstuk çèkkuea=h 
vUunkrk vk; laj{k.k vfHk;ku ftlds varxZr ewY; leFkZu 
;kstuk ¼çkbl liksVZ Ldhe&ih,l,l½] ewY; U;wure Hkqxrku 
;kstuk ¼çkbl MsfQf'k;salh isesaV Ldhe&ihMhih,l½] futh 
[kjhn ,oa LV‚fdLV ;kstuk ¼çkbosV çksD;ksjesaV ,aM LV‚fdLV 
Ldhe&ihih,l,l½ tSls dqN çeq[k ?kVd 'kkfey gSa] dh 'kq#vkr 
dh gSA 
y?kq ,oa lhekar fdlku ifjokjksa dks çfro"kZ 6000 #i;s 
dh vkfFkZd lgk;rk ds mís'; ls 24 Qjojh] 2019 dks fdlku 
lEeku fuf/k ;kstuk dk ns'k ds ç/kkuea=h }kjk 'kqHkkjEHk fd;k 
x;kA blds lkFk eujsxk ds rgr nSfud ikfjJkfed dks c<+kdj 
lkof/k —f"k _.kksa dks ykSVkus ij rhu eghus dh jkgr ls fdlkuksa 
dks çksRlkgu fn;k x;k gSA dsaæh; eaf=eaMy us ç/kkuea=h —f"k 
flapkbZ ;kstuk ¼ih,ed,lokbZ½ dks o"kZ 2021&22 ls ikap o"kZ rd 
c<+kdj 2025&26 rd djus dk çLrko ikl dj fn;k gS] ftldh 
—f"k ;kstukvksa ,oa m|ferk ls Hkkjr esa c<+rh vkSlr [kk|kUu mRikndrk
Page 4


34
vDVwcj 2022
µMk- ih;w"k xks;y
m
|ferk ml vkfFkZd fØ;k ls lEcaf/kr gS] ftlesa ubZ [kkst 
vkSj uokpkj ¼bUuksos'ku½ ds }kjk dksbZ u, mRikn dk 
mRiknu djds thfodksiktZu ;k O;kolkf;d ykHk dks çkIr 
fd;k tkrk gSA vkt ds cnyrs ifjos'k esa f'k{kk ds cqfu;knh 
mUeq[khdj.k] —f"k m|ferk ¼,xzh&bUVjçsU;ksjf'ki½ vkSj dq'ky 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds lkFk xzkeh.k {ks=ksa dks et+cwr djus dh 
csgn vko';drk gSA o"kZ 1952 esa f'k{kk esa —f"k m|ferk ds 
fy, Þ/kkj desVhß dh vuq'kalk ij Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku 
¼vkbZvkbZVh½] [kM+xiqj esa Þ—f"k ,oa [kk| bathfu;fjaxß esa chVsd 
dh f'k{kk çkjEHk gqbZ FkhA fofHkUu —f"k fo|ky;ksa ds çkjfEHkd 
ikB~îØe esa [kk| dks tksMus ls [kk| bathfu;fjax vkSj [kk| 
çlaLdj.k dh vksj T+;knk :>ku gksus ls —f"k vkSj —f"k m|ferk 
dh yksdfç;rk de gksrh xbZA bl le; —f"k dks dEI;wVj vkSj 
lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh tSls mi;ksxh fo"k; dk ntkZ Hkh gkfly ugha 
gks ik jgk gSA
Hkkjr nqfu;k dk lcls ;qok vkSj lcls vf/kd —f"k mRiknu 
djus okyk ns'k gSA lHkh ns'kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ldy jk"Vªh; 
vk; ds vkadyu dk ewy vk/kkj —f"k mRiknu gh gSA dbZ [kkM+h 
d`f"k m|ferk fodkl dh fn'kk esa igy
—f"k m|ferk ls —f"k fodkl dh laHkkouk,a
—f"k esa lEHkkoukvksa ds –f"Vdks.k ls ckr djsa] rks vkt Hkh Hkkjr viuh —f"k ,oa ekuo lalk/ku {kerk dk ek= 
10 izfr'kr ewY; gh çkIr dj ikrk gS] D;ksafd —f"k mRiknksa ds fy, —f"k ckt+kj] HkaMkj.k vkSj ;qok oxZ dks 
jkst+xkj dh dksbZ mi;qZä O;oLFkk ugha gSA —f"k xfrfof/k;ksa esa mudh jpukRed Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr dj 
dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk esa mudh {kerkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djuk vkt dh t+:jr gSA —f"k gh ,d ,slk {ks= 
gS] tgka iw¡thxr vkSj e'khujh ykxr vU; m|ksxksa dh rqyuk esa ux.; gSA vr% ;qokvksa dks vk/kqfud Kku] dkS'ky 
vkSj ubZ lEHkkoukvksa ds lkFk f'kf{kr vkSj çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,] ftlls og ukSdjh ds ihNs u Hkkxdj nwljksa dks 
ukSdjh nsus ds yk;d cu ldasA
dkS'ky fodkl
35
vDVwcj 2022
ns'kksa esa —f"k mRiknu ux.; gksus ls fu;kZr dh vuar lEHkkouk,a 
gSaA Hkkjr esa 15 ls 29 o"kZ ds ;qokvksa dk ldy jk"Vªh; vk; esa 
34 izfr'kr ds yxHkx ;ksxnku gSA —f"k gh ,d ,slk {ks= gS] tgka 
iw¡thxr vkSj e'khujh ykxr vU; m|ksxksa dh rqyuk esa ux.; 
gSA vr% ;qokvksa dks vk/kqfud Kku] dkS'ky vkSj ubZ lEHkkoukvksa 
ds lkFk f'kf{kr vkSj çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,] ftlls og ukSdjh 
ds ihNs u Hkkxdj nwljksa dks ukSdjh nsus ds yk;d cu ldasA 
—f"k esa lEHkkoukvksa ds –f"Vdks.k ls ckr djsa] rks vkt Hkh Hkkjr 
vius —f"k ,oa ekuo lalk/ku {kerk dk ek= 10 izfr'kr ewY; 
gh çkIr dj ikrk gS] D;ksafd —f"k mRiknksa ds fy, —f"k ckt+kj] 
HkaMkj.k vkSj ;qok oxZ dks jkst+xkj dh dksbZ mi;qZä O;oLFkk ugha 
gSA —f"k xfrfof/k;ksa esa mudh jpukRed Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr 
dj dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk esa mudh {kerkvksa dks çksRlkfgr 
djuk vkt dh t+:jr gSA
vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr dh ifjdYiuk ds pyrs ;qokvksa dks —f"k 
vkSj mlls tqM+s {ks=ksa esa ubZ laHkkoukvksa tSls ÞLVkVZviß ds 
ek/;e ls —f"k m|ferk dh tkudkjh vkSj fodkl] vuqnku] 
_.k] çf'k{k.k vkSj de ykxr esa m|ksx LFkkfir djus dh vksj 
çsfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ÞLVkVZviß ,d ,slh dEiuh gksrh 
gS] tks O;olk; ds 'kq#vkrh pj.k esa ,d ;k vf/kd m|fe;ksa  
}kjk LFkkfir dh tkrh gSA vkerkSj ij LVkVZvi mPp ykxr vkSj 
lhfer jktLo ds lkFk 'kq: gksrh gS] ij t+ehu ij mrjus ls 
igys ;g ckgjh fuos'k] fuf/k ;k vuqnku ftlesa ifjokj] nksLr] 
m|e iwathifr] ØkmMQafMax vkSj _.k vkfn 'kkfey gSa] ls èku 
tqVkus dk ç;kl djrs gSaA T+;knkrj buds ikl iwjh rjg ls 
fodflr O;olk; e‚My ugha gksrk ,oa tksf[ke vkSj foQyrk dh 
laHkkouk,sa cuh jgrh gSa ij ykHk] uokpkj ¼bUuksos'ku½ dks lh[kus 
ds fy, ;g ,d mfpr IysVQkeZ çnku djrs gSaA
—f"k vkSj m|ferk lEcaf/kr ;kstuk,a 
—f"k jkT; lwph dk fo"k; gS] ftlesa dsUæ dh Hkwfedk lhfer 
gks tkrh gSA vr% jkT; Lrj ij —f"k esa m|ferk] —f"k LVkVZvi vkSj 
ubZ rduhdksa ds ek/;e ls fdlkuksa dks u, fodYiksa dh tkudkjh] 
dPps eky dh miyC/krk] [kk| lqj{kk] —f"k {ks= esa i;kZoj.k çHkkoksa 
rFkk tyok;q çsfjr vkinkvksa ls gksus okyh gkfu ls voxr djkrs 
jguk pkfg,A blds vykok ÞDykbesV LekVZ foystß dh vo/kkj.kk  
ds lkFk jkT;&Lrjh; ,tsafl;ksa dks vk¡dMha dk ys[kk&tks[kk] 
ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh igpku] uhfr fuekZ.k ,oa fu/kkZj.k vkfn ls voxr 
jguk pkfg,A ftu Qlyksa dks U;wure leFkZu ewY; dk dop 
gkfly ugha gS] mUgsa vkt Hkh fdlku gj nwljs&rhljs o"kZ lM+dksa 
ij Qsadus dks et+cwj gks tkrs gSa] D;ksafd ckt+kj ls fey jgh 
dher ls mudk HkkM+k rd ugha fudyrk gSA ekuk tk jgk gS 
fd jí gq, rhuksa —f"k dkuwu fdlkuksa vkSj [ksrh dks ca/kueqä dj 
—f"k {ks= ds O;olk;hdj.k vkSj vk/kqfudhdj.k dh jkg cukus 
okys Fks] D;ksafd ;g ç'u vHkh vuqÙkfjr gS fd —f"k mRiknksa 
dk ewY; ra= fdl çdkj fdlku ;k i'kqikyd ds fu;a=.k esa 
yk;k tk ldsA Þmit gekjh vkSj dkjksckj rqEgkjkß ds pyrs 
vkRefuHkZjrk dk liuk v/kwjk&lk gS] vkSj xzkeh.k {ks= ;k ^xkao^ 
fodkl ds tuinh; vfHkys[kksa esa futhZo gksdj ek= la[;kRed 
MkVk la;kstu rd gh lhfer jg x, gSaA ;fn xzkelHkk [kqn 
lgdkjh mRiknd foØ; lfefr@la?k cukdj xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk 
esa ;ksxnku djs rks vkus okys dy esa ubZ vk'kk,a iSnk gks ldrh 
gSa] tks ns'k&çns'k ds usr`Ro ds }kjk fy, x, ldkjkRed fu.kZ;ksa 
ij fuHkZj gksaxhA
dsaæ ljdkj us 25&30 vçSy] 2022 rd fdlkuksa dks lhèks 
ykHk igq¡pkus ds mís'; ls vkt+knh ds ve`r egksRlo dk;ZØe ds 
rgr Þfdlku Hkkxhnkjh] çkFkfedrk gekjhß vfHk;ku ds pyrs 
fdlkuksa dks —f"k m|ferk] uokpkj vkSj vuqla/kku }kjk —f"k foLrkj vkSj 
u, mRiknksa ds l`tu dh vksj çsfjr djuk
36
vDVwcj 2022
dqN —f"k ;kstukvksa dh xfrfof/k;ksa vkSj miyfC/k;ksa dks js[kkafdr 
fd;k& 
 y ç/kkuea=h fdlku lEeku fuf/k 
 y ç/kkuea=h Qly chek ;kstuk 
 y ç/kkuea=h —f"k flapkbZ ;kstuk 
 y çèkkuea=h fdlku eku/ku ;kstuk 
 y fdlku ØsfMV dkMZ 
 y —f"k _.k 
 y bZ&jk"Vªh; —f"k ckt+kj ¼bZ&,u,,e½ 
 y fdlku mRiknd laxBu ¼,Qihvks½ 
 y e`nk LokLF; dkMZ 
 y tSfod vkSj çk—frd [ksrh 
 y ikS/k laj{k.k vkSj ikS/k laxjks/k 
 y e/kqeD[kh ikyu 
 y QkeZ e'khuhdj.k 
 y jk"Vªh; [kk| lqj{kk fe'ku 
 y cht vkSj jksi.k lkexzh 
 y ckxokuh ds lesfdr fodkl ij fe'ku 
 y foLrkj lq/kkj ¼,Vh,e,½ 
 y vkjdsohokbZ&j¶rkj&—f"k LVkVZvi] vkfn 
dk;ZØe ds rgr fiN~ys 75 o"kZ dh miyfC/k;ksa dks /;ku esa 
j[krs gq, gfjrØkafr ls [kk|kUu mRiknu] ckxokuh Qlyksa] Qly 
flapkbZ lq/kkj] ihyh Økafr ¼v‚ijs'ku xksYMu ¶yks½] ehBh Økafr 
¼'kgn mRiknu½] —f"k esa tSo çkS|ksfxdh vkSj vuqla/kku] cht 
vkSj moZjd esa vkRefuHkZjrk] —f"k esa vkbZlhVh@fjeksV lsaflax 
thvkbZ,l@Mªksu ds mi;ksx] ty laj{k.k fodkl dk;ZØe] —f"k 
;a=hdj.k esa mUufr] dhVksa dk çHkkoh çca/ku] e`nk LokLF; tSls 
fo"k;ksa ij vkSj vf/kd dk;Z djus ij t+ksj fn;k x;k gSA
29 ebZ] 2017 esa ,d jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl ;kstuk] ftlesa 
—f"k {ks=ksa esa fodkl ds fy, vfrfjä lgk;rk nsus dk çkoèkku 
gS] dh 'kq#vkr gqbZA 11oha iapo"khZ; ;kstuk ls —f"k {ks= esa 4 
izfr'kr dh o`f) nj vftZr djus ds y{; ls 'kq: gqbZ bl 
;kstuk esa 2007&08 ls 2014&15 rd 100 izfr'kr /kujkf'k 
dsaæh; lgk;rk ds :i esa nh tkrh Fkh] vkSj bls 12oha iapo"khZ; 
;kstuk ¼2012&17½ rd c<+k;k x;k FkkA o"kZ 2015&16 esa dsaæ 
,oa jkT; dh fgLlsnkjh dks Øe'k% 60%40 çfr'kr djds 25]000 
djksM #i;s ds çkFkfed ctV ds lkFk jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl 
;kstuk&j¶rkj ¼vkjdsohokbZ&j¶rkj½ ds u, fn'kkfunsZ'k dks 
vkxkeh rhu o"kZ ¼2017&18 ls 2019&20 ½ ds fy, tkjh fd;k 
x;k] ftlls —f"k {ks= esa okf"kZd o`f) nj] —f"k vkSj lEcaf/kr 
{ks=ksa esa lkoZtfud fodkl rFkk fdlkuksa dks vf/kdre ykHk nsus 
dk y{; lqfuf'pr djuk FkkA blds lQyrkiwoZd dk;kZUo;u 
dh ft+Eesnkjh jk"Vªh; —f"k foHkkx dks lkSiha xbZ gS] ftldh 
lwpuk mudh vf/kdkfjd osclkbV www.rkvy.nic.in ij ns[kh 
tk ldrh gSA o"kZ 2022 ds igys fnu ç/kkuea=h us ih,e fdlku 
;kstuk ds rgr nloha fd'r 10-09 djksM+ #i;s dh tkjh djus 
dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
o"kZ 2018 esa dsaæh; eaf=eaMy us ,d lexz ;kstuk çèkkuea=h 
vUunkrk vk; laj{k.k vfHk;ku ftlds varxZr ewY; leFkZu 
;kstuk ¼çkbl liksVZ Ldhe&ih,l,l½] ewY; U;wure Hkqxrku 
;kstuk ¼çkbl MsfQf'k;salh isesaV Ldhe&ihMhih,l½] futh 
[kjhn ,oa LV‚fdLV ;kstuk ¼çkbosV çksD;ksjesaV ,aM LV‚fdLV 
Ldhe&ihih,l,l½ tSls dqN çeq[k ?kVd 'kkfey gSa] dh 'kq#vkr 
dh gSA 
y?kq ,oa lhekar fdlku ifjokjksa dks çfro"kZ 6000 #i;s 
dh vkfFkZd lgk;rk ds mís'; ls 24 Qjojh] 2019 dks fdlku 
lEeku fuf/k ;kstuk dk ns'k ds ç/kkuea=h }kjk 'kqHkkjEHk fd;k 
x;kA blds lkFk eujsxk ds rgr nSfud ikfjJkfed dks c<+kdj 
lkof/k —f"k _.kksa dks ykSVkus ij rhu eghus dh jkgr ls fdlkuksa 
dks çksRlkgu fn;k x;k gSA dsaæh; eaf=eaMy us ç/kkuea=h —f"k 
flapkbZ ;kstuk ¼ih,ed,lokbZ½ dks o"kZ 2021&22 ls ikap o"kZ rd 
c<+kdj 2025&26 rd djus dk çLrko ikl dj fn;k gS] ftldh 
—f"k ;kstukvksa ,oa m|ferk ls Hkkjr esa c<+rh vkSlr [kk|kUu mRikndrk
37
vDVwcj 2022
dqy ykxr 93]068 djksM+ #i;s] ftlesa jkT;ksa ds fy, 37]454 
yk[k djksM+ #i;s dk dsaæh; lgk;rk ds :i esa çko/kku gSA bl 
;kstuk ls 22 yk[k fdlkuksa dks Qk;nk gksus ds lkFk 30-23 yk[k 
gsDVs;j deku {ks= fodkl lfgr pkyw 60 ifj;kstukvksa dks iwjk 
djus] ty lzksrksa dks nksckjk thfor djus vkSj ifj;kstukvksa dks 
'kq: djus ij /;ku nsuk lqfuf'pr fd;k x;k gSA
Hkkjr esa —f"k mRikndrk&,d >yd 
1960 ds n'kd esa 'kq: gqbZ gfjrØkafr ls çfr gsDVs;j esa 
757 fdyksxzke [kk|kUu dh mit esa rhu xquk o`f) gksus ls o"kZ 
2021 esa çfr gsDVs;j mRiknu c<+dj 2-39 Vu gks x;k gSA 17 
vxLr] 2022 dks dsaæh; —f"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=ky; ds 
}kjk tkjh pkSFks vfxze mRiknu vuqeku ds vuqlkj 2021&22 
esa [kk|kUu dk fjdkMZ 315-72 fefy;u Vu mRiknu gqvk] tks 
2020&21 dh rqyuk esa 4-98 fefy;u Vu vf/kd gSA xsgwa dh 
iSnkokj esa Hkh 2-96 fefy;u Vu dh o`f) ntZ gqbZ gSA fiN~ys ikap 
o"kksaZ ¼2016&17 ls 2020&21½ rd vkSlr mRiknu dh rqyuk esa 
bl o"kZ mRiknu 25 fefy;u Vu vf/kd gks ldrk gS] ftlesa 
/kku] eDdk] nygu] puk] jsilhM] xUuk] ljlksa] frygu ds 
fjdkMZ mRiknu dh mEehn gSA o"kZ 2021&22 esa pkoy dk dqy 
mRiknu 139-29 fefy;u Vu gksus dh laHkkouk gS] tks 13-85 
fefy;u Vu vf/kd gSA blds foijhr 2021 esa cqvkbZ 1038 yk[k 
gsDVs;j {ks= esa gqbZ Fkh] tcfd bl ekSle esa ;g 2 izfr'kr de 
yxHkx 1013 yk[k gsDVs;j esa gh laHko gks ikbZ gSA
—f"k m|ferk vkSj dkS'ky fodkl 
Hkkjr esa dkS'ky fodkl] LVkVZvi] eqæk ;kstuk] j¶rkj 
;kstuk vkfn ls ;qokvksa dks —f"k m|ferk dh vksj çksRlkfgr 
fd;k tk jgk gSA —f"k ,d m|ksx gS] rFkk —f"k vkSj m|ferk 
,d&nwljs ls fcYdqy tqM+s gq, gSaA Hkkjrh; fdlku Hkh mfpr 
ykHk ds fy, mUur [ksrh ;k vf/kd iSnkokj ds fy, u,&u, 
ç;ksxksa ;k uokpkj ds ek/;e ls ges'kk tksf[ke ysus ds fy, 
rS;kj jgrs gSaA 21 oha lnh esa Hkkjr vk/kqfud rduhdksa ds lkFk 
Þ,d Hkkjr&mUur Hkkjrß vkSj ÞvkRefuHkZj Hkkjrß dh ifjdYiuk 
ds lkFk ,d fodflr jk"Vª ds :i esa mHkj jgk gSA ckt+kj ds 
Lo:i esa çfrfnu ifjorZu gksus ls vkfFkZd o`f) vkSj fodkl 
ds fy, m|fe;ksa dh Hkwfedk dks dkQh vge ekuk x;k gSA 15 
vxLr] 2015 dks ekuuh; ç/kkuea=h Jh ujsUæ eksnh th us igyh 
ckj vius Hkk"k.k ds nkSjku LVkVZvi bafM;k vfHk;ku dh ?kks"k.kk 
dh Fkh] ftldh dk;Z;kstuk dks rhu {ks=ksa&ljyhdj.k vkSj gSaM 
gksfYMax] vuqnku lgk;rk vkSj çksRlkgu ij dsafær fd;k x;k 
FkkA bldh vf/kdkfjd osclkbV startupindia.gov.in dks 2016 
esa ykap fd;k x;kA
o"kZ 2015 esa —f"k Lukrdksa ds fy, O;kogkfjd vuqHko 
rFkk m|ferk dkS'ky ds fy, ,d u;k dk;ZØe jsMh 
¼vkjbZ,MhokbZ½&:jy ,aVjçU;ksj vos;jusl MsosyoiesaV ;kstuk 
dks 2016&17 ls çHkkoh fd;k x;k] ftlesa 3]000 #Ik;s dh 
Nk=o`fÙk dk çko/kku FkkA ikB~îØe esa ç;ksxkRed v/;;u] —f"k 
{ks= esa O;kogkfjd izf'k{k.k vkSj Lojkst+xkj ds lkFk muds Kku& 
dkS'ky dks c<+kok vkSj fo'oLrjh; ekudksa ds fglkc ls rS;kj 
Lukrdksa dks fct+usl e‚My fodflr djus] rFkk fons'k tkdj 
—f"k lEcaf/kr Kku dks vftZr djus ds volj Fks] rFkk —f"k 
fo'ofo|ky; ds fo|kFkhZ fo'ofo|ky; ç'kklu ls lEidZ dj 
viuk ukekadu djok ldrs FksA 
o"kZ 2010 esa Hkkjrh; i'kq fpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku us ,d 
vfuok;Z dkslZ ^,aVjçsU;ksjf'ki MsoyiesaV^ dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA 
o"kZ 2017&18 ds nkSjku xzkeh.k ;qokvksa ds chp —f"k O;olk; 
dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, ,d ;qok lykg dk;ZØe ¼esaVfjax :jy 
;wFk &2017½ dks fodflr vkSj dk;kZfUor fd;k x;kA blh çdkj 
2015&16 esa ;qokvksa dks —f"k vkSj m|ferk esa cus jgus ds fy, 
vk;kZ ;kuh dk;ZØe vkSj ek;k dk;ZØe 'kq: fd, x,A 
ns'k Hkj esa bl rjg ds dk;ZØeksa dks l'kä cukus vkSj 
;qokvksa dks viuh ilan dh xfrfof/k;ksa dks p;fur dj ykHk 
dekus ds fy, çksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A vk/kqfudrk] cM+s 
dk;ZØe vkSj cM+h lksp dh gksM+ esa bl rjg ds dk;ZØe uk gksus 
ls Hkh fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa —f"k m|ferk dk fodkl Bhd ls ugh gks 
ik,xkA blds lkFk —f"k mRiknksa ds foi.ku vkSj [kk| çlaLdj.k] 
cht] ikS/k laj{kd] tSo moZjd] i'kq ;k eqxhZikyu] Ms;fj;ka] oehZ 
dEiksfLVax] e'k:e mRiknu] lqvj ikyu] 'kgn] eNyh ikyu] 
pkjk foi.ku vkfn dh vksj ;qokvksa dks vkdf"kZr djuk pkfg,A 
 fdlkuksa vkSj ;qokvksa ds fy, —f"k m|ferk 
ds vko';d lalk/ku
Page 5


34
vDVwcj 2022
µMk- ih;w"k xks;y
m
|ferk ml vkfFkZd fØ;k ls lEcaf/kr gS] ftlesa ubZ [kkst 
vkSj uokpkj ¼bUuksos'ku½ ds }kjk dksbZ u, mRikn dk 
mRiknu djds thfodksiktZu ;k O;kolkf;d ykHk dks çkIr 
fd;k tkrk gSA vkt ds cnyrs ifjos'k esa f'k{kk ds cqfu;knh 
mUeq[khdj.k] —f"k m|ferk ¼,xzh&bUVjçsU;ksjf'ki½ vkSj dq'ky 
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= ds lkFk xzkeh.k {ks=ksa dks et+cwr djus dh 
csgn vko';drk gSA o"kZ 1952 esa f'k{kk esa —f"k m|ferk ds 
fy, Þ/kkj desVhß dh vuq'kalk ij Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku 
¼vkbZvkbZVh½] [kM+xiqj esa Þ—f"k ,oa [kk| bathfu;fjaxß esa chVsd 
dh f'k{kk çkjEHk gqbZ FkhA fofHkUu —f"k fo|ky;ksa ds çkjfEHkd 
ikB~îØe esa [kk| dks tksMus ls [kk| bathfu;fjax vkSj [kk| 
çlaLdj.k dh vksj T+;knk :>ku gksus ls —f"k vkSj —f"k m|ferk 
dh yksdfç;rk de gksrh xbZA bl le; —f"k dks dEI;wVj vkSj 
lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh tSls mi;ksxh fo"k; dk ntkZ Hkh gkfly ugha 
gks ik jgk gSA
Hkkjr nqfu;k dk lcls ;qok vkSj lcls vf/kd —f"k mRiknu 
djus okyk ns'k gSA lHkh ns'kksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj ldy jk"Vªh; 
vk; ds vkadyu dk ewy vk/kkj —f"k mRiknu gh gSA dbZ [kkM+h 
d`f"k m|ferk fodkl dh fn'kk esa igy
—f"k m|ferk ls —f"k fodkl dh laHkkouk,a
—f"k esa lEHkkoukvksa ds –f"Vdks.k ls ckr djsa] rks vkt Hkh Hkkjr viuh —f"k ,oa ekuo lalk/ku {kerk dk ek= 
10 izfr'kr ewY; gh çkIr dj ikrk gS] D;ksafd —f"k mRiknksa ds fy, —f"k ckt+kj] HkaMkj.k vkSj ;qok oxZ dks 
jkst+xkj dh dksbZ mi;qZä O;oLFkk ugha gSA —f"k xfrfof/k;ksa esa mudh jpukRed Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr dj 
dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk esa mudh {kerkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djuk vkt dh t+:jr gSA —f"k gh ,d ,slk {ks= 
gS] tgka iw¡thxr vkSj e'khujh ykxr vU; m|ksxksa dh rqyuk esa ux.; gSA vr% ;qokvksa dks vk/kqfud Kku] dkS'ky 
vkSj ubZ lEHkkoukvksa ds lkFk f'kf{kr vkSj çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,] ftlls og ukSdjh ds ihNs u Hkkxdj nwljksa dks 
ukSdjh nsus ds yk;d cu ldasA
dkS'ky fodkl
35
vDVwcj 2022
ns'kksa esa —f"k mRiknu ux.; gksus ls fu;kZr dh vuar lEHkkouk,a 
gSaA Hkkjr esa 15 ls 29 o"kZ ds ;qokvksa dk ldy jk"Vªh; vk; esa 
34 izfr'kr ds yxHkx ;ksxnku gSA —f"k gh ,d ,slk {ks= gS] tgka 
iw¡thxr vkSj e'khujh ykxr vU; m|ksxksa dh rqyuk esa ux.; 
gSA vr% ;qokvksa dks vk/kqfud Kku] dkS'ky vkSj ubZ lEHkkoukvksa 
ds lkFk f'kf{kr vkSj çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,] ftlls og ukSdjh 
ds ihNs u Hkkxdj nwljksa dks ukSdjh nsus ds yk;d cu ldasA 
—f"k esa lEHkkoukvksa ds –f"Vdks.k ls ckr djsa] rks vkt Hkh Hkkjr 
vius —f"k ,oa ekuo lalk/ku {kerk dk ek= 10 izfr'kr ewY; 
gh çkIr dj ikrk gS] D;ksafd —f"k mRiknksa ds fy, —f"k ckt+kj] 
HkaMkj.k vkSj ;qok oxZ dks jkst+xkj dh dksbZ mi;qZä O;oLFkk ugha 
gSA —f"k xfrfof/k;ksa esa mudh jpukRed Hkkxhnkjh dks lqfuf'pr 
dj dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk esa mudh {kerkvksa dks çksRlkfgr 
djuk vkt dh t+:jr gSA
vkRefuHkZj Hkkjr dh ifjdYiuk ds pyrs ;qokvksa dks —f"k 
vkSj mlls tqM+s {ks=ksa esa ubZ laHkkoukvksa tSls ÞLVkVZviß ds 
ek/;e ls —f"k m|ferk dh tkudkjh vkSj fodkl] vuqnku] 
_.k] çf'k{k.k vkSj de ykxr esa m|ksx LFkkfir djus dh vksj 
çsfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ÞLVkVZviß ,d ,slh dEiuh gksrh 
gS] tks O;olk; ds 'kq#vkrh pj.k esa ,d ;k vf/kd m|fe;ksa  
}kjk LFkkfir dh tkrh gSA vkerkSj ij LVkVZvi mPp ykxr vkSj 
lhfer jktLo ds lkFk 'kq: gksrh gS] ij t+ehu ij mrjus ls 
igys ;g ckgjh fuos'k] fuf/k ;k vuqnku ftlesa ifjokj] nksLr] 
m|e iwathifr] ØkmMQafMax vkSj _.k vkfn 'kkfey gSa] ls èku 
tqVkus dk ç;kl djrs gSaA T+;knkrj buds ikl iwjh rjg ls 
fodflr O;olk; e‚My ugha gksrk ,oa tksf[ke vkSj foQyrk dh 
laHkkouk,sa cuh jgrh gSa ij ykHk] uokpkj ¼bUuksos'ku½ dks lh[kus 
ds fy, ;g ,d mfpr IysVQkeZ çnku djrs gSaA
—f"k vkSj m|ferk lEcaf/kr ;kstuk,a 
—f"k jkT; lwph dk fo"k; gS] ftlesa dsUæ dh Hkwfedk lhfer 
gks tkrh gSA vr% jkT; Lrj ij —f"k esa m|ferk] —f"k LVkVZvi vkSj 
ubZ rduhdksa ds ek/;e ls fdlkuksa dks u, fodYiksa dh tkudkjh] 
dPps eky dh miyC/krk] [kk| lqj{kk] —f"k {ks= esa i;kZoj.k çHkkoksa 
rFkk tyok;q çsfjr vkinkvksa ls gksus okyh gkfu ls voxr djkrs 
jguk pkfg,A blds vykok ÞDykbesV LekVZ foystß dh vo/kkj.kk  
ds lkFk jkT;&Lrjh; ,tsafl;ksa dks vk¡dMha dk ys[kk&tks[kk] 
ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh igpku] uhfr fuekZ.k ,oa fu/kkZj.k vkfn ls voxr 
jguk pkfg,A ftu Qlyksa dks U;wure leFkZu ewY; dk dop 
gkfly ugha gS] mUgsa vkt Hkh fdlku gj nwljs&rhljs o"kZ lM+dksa 
ij Qsadus dks et+cwj gks tkrs gSa] D;ksafd ckt+kj ls fey jgh 
dher ls mudk HkkM+k rd ugha fudyrk gSA ekuk tk jgk gS 
fd jí gq, rhuksa —f"k dkuwu fdlkuksa vkSj [ksrh dks ca/kueqä dj 
—f"k {ks= ds O;olk;hdj.k vkSj vk/kqfudhdj.k dh jkg cukus 
okys Fks] D;ksafd ;g ç'u vHkh vuqÙkfjr gS fd —f"k mRiknksa 
dk ewY; ra= fdl çdkj fdlku ;k i'kqikyd ds fu;a=.k esa 
yk;k tk ldsA Þmit gekjh vkSj dkjksckj rqEgkjkß ds pyrs 
vkRefuHkZjrk dk liuk v/kwjk&lk gS] vkSj xzkeh.k {ks= ;k ^xkao^ 
fodkl ds tuinh; vfHkys[kksa esa futhZo gksdj ek= la[;kRed 
MkVk la;kstu rd gh lhfer jg x, gSaA ;fn xzkelHkk [kqn 
lgdkjh mRiknd foØ; lfefr@la?k cukdj xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk 
esa ;ksxnku djs rks vkus okys dy esa ubZ vk'kk,a iSnk gks ldrh 
gSa] tks ns'k&çns'k ds usr`Ro ds }kjk fy, x, ldkjkRed fu.kZ;ksa 
ij fuHkZj gksaxhA
dsaæ ljdkj us 25&30 vçSy] 2022 rd fdlkuksa dks lhèks 
ykHk igq¡pkus ds mís'; ls vkt+knh ds ve`r egksRlo dk;ZØe ds 
rgr Þfdlku Hkkxhnkjh] çkFkfedrk gekjhß vfHk;ku ds pyrs 
fdlkuksa dks —f"k m|ferk] uokpkj vkSj vuqla/kku }kjk —f"k foLrkj vkSj 
u, mRiknksa ds l`tu dh vksj çsfjr djuk
36
vDVwcj 2022
dqN —f"k ;kstukvksa dh xfrfof/k;ksa vkSj miyfC/k;ksa dks js[kkafdr 
fd;k& 
 y ç/kkuea=h fdlku lEeku fuf/k 
 y ç/kkuea=h Qly chek ;kstuk 
 y ç/kkuea=h —f"k flapkbZ ;kstuk 
 y çèkkuea=h fdlku eku/ku ;kstuk 
 y fdlku ØsfMV dkMZ 
 y —f"k _.k 
 y bZ&jk"Vªh; —f"k ckt+kj ¼bZ&,u,,e½ 
 y fdlku mRiknd laxBu ¼,Qihvks½ 
 y e`nk LokLF; dkMZ 
 y tSfod vkSj çk—frd [ksrh 
 y ikS/k laj{k.k vkSj ikS/k laxjks/k 
 y e/kqeD[kh ikyu 
 y QkeZ e'khuhdj.k 
 y jk"Vªh; [kk| lqj{kk fe'ku 
 y cht vkSj jksi.k lkexzh 
 y ckxokuh ds lesfdr fodkl ij fe'ku 
 y foLrkj lq/kkj ¼,Vh,e,½ 
 y vkjdsohokbZ&j¶rkj&—f"k LVkVZvi] vkfn 
dk;ZØe ds rgr fiN~ys 75 o"kZ dh miyfC/k;ksa dks /;ku esa 
j[krs gq, gfjrØkafr ls [kk|kUu mRiknu] ckxokuh Qlyksa] Qly 
flapkbZ lq/kkj] ihyh Økafr ¼v‚ijs'ku xksYMu ¶yks½] ehBh Økafr 
¼'kgn mRiknu½] —f"k esa tSo çkS|ksfxdh vkSj vuqla/kku] cht 
vkSj moZjd esa vkRefuHkZjrk] —f"k esa vkbZlhVh@fjeksV lsaflax 
thvkbZ,l@Mªksu ds mi;ksx] ty laj{k.k fodkl dk;ZØe] —f"k 
;a=hdj.k esa mUufr] dhVksa dk çHkkoh çca/ku] e`nk LokLF; tSls 
fo"k;ksa ij vkSj vf/kd dk;Z djus ij t+ksj fn;k x;k gSA
29 ebZ] 2017 esa ,d jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl ;kstuk] ftlesa 
—f"k {ks=ksa esa fodkl ds fy, vfrfjä lgk;rk nsus dk çkoèkku 
gS] dh 'kq#vkr gqbZA 11oha iapo"khZ; ;kstuk ls —f"k {ks= esa 4 
izfr'kr dh o`f) nj vftZr djus ds y{; ls 'kq: gqbZ bl 
;kstuk esa 2007&08 ls 2014&15 rd 100 izfr'kr /kujkf'k 
dsaæh; lgk;rk ds :i esa nh tkrh Fkh] vkSj bls 12oha iapo"khZ; 
;kstuk ¼2012&17½ rd c<+k;k x;k FkkA o"kZ 2015&16 esa dsaæ 
,oa jkT; dh fgLlsnkjh dks Øe'k% 60%40 çfr'kr djds 25]000 
djksM #i;s ds çkFkfed ctV ds lkFk jk"Vªh; —f"k fodkl 
;kstuk&j¶rkj ¼vkjdsohokbZ&j¶rkj½ ds u, fn'kkfunsZ'k dks 
vkxkeh rhu o"kZ ¼2017&18 ls 2019&20 ½ ds fy, tkjh fd;k 
x;k] ftlls —f"k {ks= esa okf"kZd o`f) nj] —f"k vkSj lEcaf/kr 
{ks=ksa esa lkoZtfud fodkl rFkk fdlkuksa dks vf/kdre ykHk nsus 
dk y{; lqfuf'pr djuk FkkA blds lQyrkiwoZd dk;kZUo;u 
dh ft+Eesnkjh jk"Vªh; —f"k foHkkx dks lkSiha xbZ gS] ftldh 
lwpuk mudh vf/kdkfjd osclkbV www.rkvy.nic.in ij ns[kh 
tk ldrh gSA o"kZ 2022 ds igys fnu ç/kkuea=h us ih,e fdlku 
;kstuk ds rgr nloha fd'r 10-09 djksM+ #i;s dh tkjh djus 
dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
o"kZ 2018 esa dsaæh; eaf=eaMy us ,d lexz ;kstuk çèkkuea=h 
vUunkrk vk; laj{k.k vfHk;ku ftlds varxZr ewY; leFkZu 
;kstuk ¼çkbl liksVZ Ldhe&ih,l,l½] ewY; U;wure Hkqxrku 
;kstuk ¼çkbl MsfQf'k;salh isesaV Ldhe&ihMhih,l½] futh 
[kjhn ,oa LV‚fdLV ;kstuk ¼çkbosV çksD;ksjesaV ,aM LV‚fdLV 
Ldhe&ihih,l,l½ tSls dqN çeq[k ?kVd 'kkfey gSa] dh 'kq#vkr 
dh gSA 
y?kq ,oa lhekar fdlku ifjokjksa dks çfro"kZ 6000 #i;s 
dh vkfFkZd lgk;rk ds mís'; ls 24 Qjojh] 2019 dks fdlku 
lEeku fuf/k ;kstuk dk ns'k ds ç/kkuea=h }kjk 'kqHkkjEHk fd;k 
x;kA blds lkFk eujsxk ds rgr nSfud ikfjJkfed dks c<+kdj 
lkof/k —f"k _.kksa dks ykSVkus ij rhu eghus dh jkgr ls fdlkuksa 
dks çksRlkgu fn;k x;k gSA dsaæh; eaf=eaMy us ç/kkuea=h —f"k 
flapkbZ ;kstuk ¼ih,ed,lokbZ½ dks o"kZ 2021&22 ls ikap o"kZ rd 
c<+kdj 2025&26 rd djus dk çLrko ikl dj fn;k gS] ftldh 
—f"k ;kstukvksa ,oa m|ferk ls Hkkjr esa c<+rh vkSlr [kk|kUu mRikndrk
37
vDVwcj 2022
dqy ykxr 93]068 djksM+ #i;s] ftlesa jkT;ksa ds fy, 37]454 
yk[k djksM+ #i;s dk dsaæh; lgk;rk ds :i esa çko/kku gSA bl 
;kstuk ls 22 yk[k fdlkuksa dks Qk;nk gksus ds lkFk 30-23 yk[k 
gsDVs;j deku {ks= fodkl lfgr pkyw 60 ifj;kstukvksa dks iwjk 
djus] ty lzksrksa dks nksckjk thfor djus vkSj ifj;kstukvksa dks 
'kq: djus ij /;ku nsuk lqfuf'pr fd;k x;k gSA
Hkkjr esa —f"k mRikndrk&,d >yd 
1960 ds n'kd esa 'kq: gqbZ gfjrØkafr ls çfr gsDVs;j esa 
757 fdyksxzke [kk|kUu dh mit esa rhu xquk o`f) gksus ls o"kZ 
2021 esa çfr gsDVs;j mRiknu c<+dj 2-39 Vu gks x;k gSA 17 
vxLr] 2022 dks dsaæh; —f"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=ky; ds 
}kjk tkjh pkSFks vfxze mRiknu vuqeku ds vuqlkj 2021&22 
esa [kk|kUu dk fjdkMZ 315-72 fefy;u Vu mRiknu gqvk] tks 
2020&21 dh rqyuk esa 4-98 fefy;u Vu vf/kd gSA xsgwa dh 
iSnkokj esa Hkh 2-96 fefy;u Vu dh o`f) ntZ gqbZ gSA fiN~ys ikap 
o"kksaZ ¼2016&17 ls 2020&21½ rd vkSlr mRiknu dh rqyuk esa 
bl o"kZ mRiknu 25 fefy;u Vu vf/kd gks ldrk gS] ftlesa 
/kku] eDdk] nygu] puk] jsilhM] xUuk] ljlksa] frygu ds 
fjdkMZ mRiknu dh mEehn gSA o"kZ 2021&22 esa pkoy dk dqy 
mRiknu 139-29 fefy;u Vu gksus dh laHkkouk gS] tks 13-85 
fefy;u Vu vf/kd gSA blds foijhr 2021 esa cqvkbZ 1038 yk[k 
gsDVs;j {ks= esa gqbZ Fkh] tcfd bl ekSle esa ;g 2 izfr'kr de 
yxHkx 1013 yk[k gsDVs;j esa gh laHko gks ikbZ gSA
—f"k m|ferk vkSj dkS'ky fodkl 
Hkkjr esa dkS'ky fodkl] LVkVZvi] eqæk ;kstuk] j¶rkj 
;kstuk vkfn ls ;qokvksa dks —f"k m|ferk dh vksj çksRlkfgr 
fd;k tk jgk gSA —f"k ,d m|ksx gS] rFkk —f"k vkSj m|ferk 
,d&nwljs ls fcYdqy tqM+s gq, gSaA Hkkjrh; fdlku Hkh mfpr 
ykHk ds fy, mUur [ksrh ;k vf/kd iSnkokj ds fy, u,&u, 
ç;ksxksa ;k uokpkj ds ek/;e ls ges'kk tksf[ke ysus ds fy, 
rS;kj jgrs gSaA 21 oha lnh esa Hkkjr vk/kqfud rduhdksa ds lkFk 
Þ,d Hkkjr&mUur Hkkjrß vkSj ÞvkRefuHkZj Hkkjrß dh ifjdYiuk 
ds lkFk ,d fodflr jk"Vª ds :i esa mHkj jgk gSA ckt+kj ds 
Lo:i esa çfrfnu ifjorZu gksus ls vkfFkZd o`f) vkSj fodkl 
ds fy, m|fe;ksa dh Hkwfedk dks dkQh vge ekuk x;k gSA 15 
vxLr] 2015 dks ekuuh; ç/kkuea=h Jh ujsUæ eksnh th us igyh 
ckj vius Hkk"k.k ds nkSjku LVkVZvi bafM;k vfHk;ku dh ?kks"k.kk 
dh Fkh] ftldh dk;Z;kstuk dks rhu {ks=ksa&ljyhdj.k vkSj gSaM 
gksfYMax] vuqnku lgk;rk vkSj çksRlkgu ij dsafær fd;k x;k 
FkkA bldh vf/kdkfjd osclkbV startupindia.gov.in dks 2016 
esa ykap fd;k x;kA
o"kZ 2015 esa —f"k Lukrdksa ds fy, O;kogkfjd vuqHko 
rFkk m|ferk dkS'ky ds fy, ,d u;k dk;ZØe jsMh 
¼vkjbZ,MhokbZ½&:jy ,aVjçU;ksj vos;jusl MsosyoiesaV ;kstuk 
dks 2016&17 ls çHkkoh fd;k x;k] ftlesa 3]000 #Ik;s dh 
Nk=o`fÙk dk çko/kku FkkA ikB~îØe esa ç;ksxkRed v/;;u] —f"k 
{ks= esa O;kogkfjd izf'k{k.k vkSj Lojkst+xkj ds lkFk muds Kku& 
dkS'ky dks c<+kok vkSj fo'oLrjh; ekudksa ds fglkc ls rS;kj 
Lukrdksa dks fct+usl e‚My fodflr djus] rFkk fons'k tkdj 
—f"k lEcaf/kr Kku dks vftZr djus ds volj Fks] rFkk —f"k 
fo'ofo|ky; ds fo|kFkhZ fo'ofo|ky; ç'kklu ls lEidZ dj 
viuk ukekadu djok ldrs FksA 
o"kZ 2010 esa Hkkjrh; i'kq fpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku us ,d 
vfuok;Z dkslZ ^,aVjçsU;ksjf'ki MsoyiesaV^ dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA 
o"kZ 2017&18 ds nkSjku xzkeh.k ;qokvksa ds chp —f"k O;olk; 
dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, ,d ;qok lykg dk;ZØe ¼esaVfjax :jy 
;wFk &2017½ dks fodflr vkSj dk;kZfUor fd;k x;kA blh çdkj 
2015&16 esa ;qokvksa dks —f"k vkSj m|ferk esa cus jgus ds fy, 
vk;kZ ;kuh dk;ZØe vkSj ek;k dk;ZØe 'kq: fd, x,A 
ns'k Hkj esa bl rjg ds dk;ZØeksa dks l'kä cukus vkSj 
;qokvksa dks viuh ilan dh xfrfof/k;ksa dks p;fur dj ykHk 
dekus ds fy, çksRlkfgr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A vk/kqfudrk] cM+s 
dk;ZØe vkSj cM+h lksp dh gksM+ esa bl rjg ds dk;ZØe uk gksus 
ls Hkh fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa —f"k m|ferk dk fodkl Bhd ls ugh gks 
ik,xkA blds lkFk —f"k mRiknksa ds foi.ku vkSj [kk| çlaLdj.k] 
cht] ikS/k laj{kd] tSo moZjd] i'kq ;k eqxhZikyu] Ms;fj;ka] oehZ 
dEiksfLVax] e'k:e mRiknu] lqvj ikyu] 'kgn] eNyh ikyu] 
pkjk foi.ku vkfn dh vksj ;qokvksa dks vkdf"kZr djuk pkfg,A 
 fdlkuksa vkSj ;qokvksa ds fy, —f"k m|ferk 
ds vko';d lalk/ku
38
vDVwcj 2022
vkt uohu —f"k miØeksa] vk/kqfud rduhdksa rFkk lkFkZd 
tkudkfj;ksa dks lk>k djus ds fy, dqN ;qokvksa us OgkV~l,i 
lewg cuk, gSa] vkSj i'kq fpfdRldksa ¼osVsujh MkDVjksa½ us lewg 
cukdj LVkVZvi ds ek/;e ls fdlkuksa dks tkudkjh vkSj 
tkx:drk dk chM+k mBk;k gSA vr% m|e'khyrk ls tqM+ko ds 
fy, ;qokvksa esa —f"k vkSj blls tqMs igyqvksa dks et+cwr djus 
rFkk ikjEifjd fuokZg ekufldrk dks O;kikj mUeq[k ekufldrk 
esa cnyus esa lgk;d cukuk gksxkA
—f"k m|ferk ds fy, t+:jh dne
 y —f"k m|ferk ;k ,xzhçsU;ksjf'ki] —f"k {ks= ds vanj O;kolkf;d 
fodkl dh çfØ;k dks n'kkZrh gS] ftlesa m|eh uokpkj ds 
ek/;e ls ewY;o/kZu] fuekZ.k vkSj u, voljksa dk l`tu 
djrk gSA
 y ,xzhçsU;ksjf'ki ls ;qok ,oa xzkeh.k yksxksa dks u dsoy mudh 
vkthfodk ds fodYiksa dk irk pyrk gS cfYd xzkeh.k 
leqnk; ds fy, jkst+xkj ds u, volj Hkh iSnk gksrs gSaA
 y —f"k m|ferk esa O;kikj lsok,a Hkh 'kkfey gSa] tSls —f"k 
O;kikjh] mRiknu lsok,a] midj.k lsok,a] ckt+kj lwpuk 
lsok,a] foÙkh; lsokçnkÙkk tks ewY; Ük`a[kyk esa lg;ksx djrs 
gSaA
 y m|eh u, O;kolkf;d voljksa dks le>us rFkk ldkjkRed 
–f"Vdks.k ds lkFk ubZ laHkkoukvksa dks [kkstus] ckt+kj dh 
t+:jrksa dks iwjk djus vkSj tksf[ke ysus okys joS;s ds pyrs 
lQyrk gkfly djrs gSaA
 y m|eh dks vDlj ,d ^uoksUes"kd^ ds :i esa ns[kk tkrk 
gS] tks u, fopkjksa vkSj O;kolkf;d çfØ;kvksa dks ,d 
jpukRed fn'kk nsrs gSa vkSj tksf[keksa dks Lohdkj djrs gq, 
cnyrs ifjos'k ds vuqdwy O;olk; j.kuhfr;ksa dks u;k :i 
nsrs gSaA
 y —f"k m|ferk ¼,xzhçsU;ksjf'ki½ dh vo/kkj.kk dks de dekbZ 
ds lkFk fofHkUu —f"k m|ksxksa dh LFkkiuk vkSj fodYi tSls 
csgrj ykHk ds fy, pkjk Qlyksa dks mxkuk vkSj xkao ds 
ckgj 'kgjh Ms;fj;ksa esa nok ¼batsD'ku½ eqä nw/k ;k nslh 
xk;ksa dh v‚xsZfud Ms;fjax ;wfuV ds }kjk m|ksx dks c<+kok 
nsuk] ftlls euq";ksa vkSj i'kqvksa dks gksus okyh gkfu ls 
cpk;k tk ldsA
 y ns'k esa i'kq/ku mRiknu dks c<+kus vkSj foLrkj lsokvksa dks 
yf{kr dj ekSfæd vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ] u, miØeksa esa 
lkekU; vkfFkZd ykHk] {kerkvksa esa lq/kkj] —f"k vkSj fdlkuksa 
ds ckjs esa vf'kf{kr] vdq'ky] cgqr de vkfFkZd ykHk] etnwjh 
vkSj etcwjh tSlh udkjkRed /kkj.kk vkSj fopkjksa ls vyx 
gksdj mudks —f"k m|ferk viukus dh vksj çsfjr fd;k 
tkuk pkfg,A
Hkkjr esa igyh ckj 2003 ds vklikl —f"k O;kikj bUD;wcs'ku 
dsaæ ¼,xzh fct+usl buD;wcs'ku lsaVj½ dh LFkkiuk varjkZ"Vªh; 
Qly v/kZ&'kq"d m".k dfVca/kh; vuqla/kku laLFkku ¼bØhlsV½] 
gSnjkckn esa dh xbZA ckn esa bldh lQyrk dks ns[krs gq, 
ljdkj us —f"k O;kikj dh 'kq#vkr ds fy, lfClMh dk çkoèkku 
Hkh j[kkA ;g baD;wcs'ku dsaæ] —"kd vkSj LVkVZvi dks lHkh 
çdkj dh lqfo/kk,a vkSj lg;ksx tSls rduhdh] dkuwuh çys[ku 
;k nLrkost+ dks rS;kj djuk] usVodZ] O;kikj laca/k ¼fct+usl 
dusD'ku½ rFkk dk;Z djus ds fy, txg vkSj 'kq#vkrh iwath 
¼lhM QafMx½ miyC/k djkus esa ;ksxnku djrs gSaA 
okf.kT; vkSj m|ksx ea=ky; us tuojh] 2022 ls fuos'k dks 
rst j¶rkj nsus ds fy, 29 foHkkxksa esa ifj;kstuk fodkl çdks"B 
¼ihMhlh½ dk xBu fd;k gS] tks dsaæ vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds chp 
rkyesy LFkkfir dj dke djsaxsA ea=ky; ds vuqlkj 60]000 ls 
vf/kd iath—r LVkVZvi gksus ls Hkkjr nqfu;k dk rhljk cM+k 
 y cht ls ckt+kj rd dh foLrkfjr ;kstuk,a 
 y efgyk fdlku dks ,d o"kZ ds fy, ck;ksVsd QSyksf'ki
* ARY A- Attracting & Retaining Y outh in Agriculture
* MAYA- Motivating & Attracting Youth in Agriculture