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Late Mughal Era Video Lecture | Crash course for UPSC (Hindi)

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1. What were the major political and economic changes during the Late Mughal Era?
Ans. The Late Mughal Era witnessed significant political and economic changes in India. Politically, the empire was weakened due to the continuous invasions by foreign powers, rebellions by regional rulers, and internal conflicts among the Mughal nobility. Economically, there was a decline in agricultural productivity, widespread corruption, and the deterioration of the trade and commerce system.
2. How did the decline of the Mughal Empire impact the cultural and artistic developments during the Late Mughal Era?
Ans. The decline of the Mughal Empire had a profound impact on the cultural and artistic developments during the Late Mughal Era. As the empire lost its political and economic stability, patronage for arts and culture declined. Many artists and craftsmen lost their royal patronage, leading to a decline in the quality and quantity of artistic creations. However, some regional courts continued to flourish and fostered artistic developments in their respective areas.
3. What role did religious tensions play in the decline of the Late Mughal Empire?
Ans. Religious tensions played a significant role in the decline of the Late Mughal Empire. The policies of Aurangzeb, who sought to impose orthodox Sunni Islam and repress other religious communities, led to widespread discontent and rebellion among non-Muslim subjects. This religious intolerance created divisions within the empire and weakened its overall stability, contributing to its ultimate downfall.
4. How did the arrival of European powers impact the Late Mughal Empire?
Ans. The arrival of European powers, particularly the British East India Company, had a profound impact on the Late Mughal Empire. The British gradually gained control over various parts of India through political maneuvering and military interventions. They exploited the political and economic weaknesses of the empire, leading to the erosion of Mughal authority and the establishment of British colonial rule.
5. What were the social changes and challenges faced by the people during the Late Mughal Era?
Ans. The Late Mughal Era witnessed significant social changes and challenges for the people of India. The decline of the empire resulted in the fragmentation of political power, leading to increased local autonomy and the rise of regional powers. This led to social unrest, as different factions competed for power and resources. Additionally, the economic decline and political instability resulted in a decline in living standards for many people, especially the peasantry.
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