UPSC Exam > UPSC Notes > Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC > Lung Carcinoma
Lung Carcinoma | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC PDF Download
| Table of contents |
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| Carcinoma Lung |
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| Molecular Genetics |
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| Histological Classification |
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| Types of Bronchogenic Carcinoma |
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Carcinoma Lung
These tumors can be categorized into two main groups: A. Small cell carcinoma B. Non-small cell carcinoma, which includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma (including bronchoalveolar type) is the most prevalent type of lung cancer, while squamous cell carcinoma is the most common lung cancer in India.
Lung Carcinoma - Etiology
- Tobacco smoking (associated with squamous and small cell carcinomas)
- Exposure to ionizing radiation (such as uranium)
- Contact with asbestos
- Exposure to radium, chromium, and nickel
- Scar carcinoma (associated with adenocarcinoma) - Develops in old scars, metallic foreign bodies, wounds, tuberculosis, and irradiated areas.
Lung Carrifooma -Pathogenesis
Indicating that extensive portions of the respiratory mucosa undergo mutagenesis following exposure to carcinogens, known as the field effect.
Question for Lung CarcinomaTry yourself: Which type of lung cancer is the most prevalent?View Solution
Molecular Genetics
Histological Classification
Adenocarcinoma:
Various subtypes, including acinar, papillary, micropapillary, solid, lepidic predominant, and mucinous.
Other carcinoma subtypes:
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Large cell carcinoma
- Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
- Small cell carcinoma
- Combined small cell
- Adenosquamous carcinoma
- Carcinomas with pleomorphic, sarcomatoid, or sarcomatous elements
- Spindle cell carcinoma
- Carcinoid tumor (typical, atypical)
- Carcinomas of salivary gland type
- Unclassified carcinoma
Types of Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Question for Lung CarcinomaTry yourself: Which subtype of bronchogenic carcinoma is characterized by the presence of acinar, papillary, micropapillary, solid, lepidic predominant, and mucinous subtypes?View Solution
Histology - Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Lung Carcinoma - Repeats
- What are the possible contributing factors in the genes of Bronchogenic Carcinoma? (2010)
- Write pathogenesis and histopathology of bronchogenic carcinoma (1995).
- Briefly describe the pathologic features of the different carcinomas of the bronchus. What are the problems in early diagnosis of this disease? (2010)
- Enumerate the major etiological factors associated with carcinoma of lung.
Give the gross, microscopic features and spread of squamous cell carcinoma lung. (2015)
The document Lung Carcinoma | Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC is a part of the UPSC Course Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC.
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FAQs on Lung Carcinoma - Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC
| 1. What is carcinoma lung? |  |
Ans. Carcinoma lung refers to a type of cancer that originates in the cells of the lungs. It is commonly known as lung cancer and can be classified into different types based on its histological characteristics and molecular genetics.
| 2. What are the molecular genetics involved in carcinoma lung? | |
Ans. The molecular genetics of carcinoma lung involve mutations and alterations in various genes. One of the most common genetic changes associated with lung cancer is the mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Other genetic alterations may include mutations in the KRAS gene, ALK gene rearrangements, and TP53 gene mutations.
| 3. How is carcinoma lung histologically classified? | |
Ans. Carcinoma lung can be histologically classified into different types based on the appearance of the cancer cells under a microscope. The main histological types of lung carcinoma include adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Each type has distinct characteristics and may require different treatment approaches.
| 4. What are the different types of bronchogenic carcinoma? | |
Ans. Bronchogenic carcinoma, which is a type of carcinoma lung, can be categorized into four main types: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma is the most common type and typically arises in the peripheral lung tissue. Squamous cell carcinoma arises in the central bronchi, while small cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma are more aggressive and tend to metastasize early.
| 5. What are some frequently asked questions about lung carcinoma in UPSC exams? | |
Ans. Some frequently asked questions about lung carcinoma in UPSC exams may include:
- What are the risk factors associated with lung carcinoma?
- How is lung carcinoma diagnosed and staged?
- What are the treatment options for lung carcinoma?
- How does smoking contribute to the development of lung carcinoma?
- What are the prognostic factors for lung carcinoma?
These questions aim to assess the candidate's knowledge about the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and impact of lung carcinoma.
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Dec 22, 2024 Last updated |
Document Description: Lung Carcinoma for UPSC 2024 is part of Medical Science Optional Notes for UPSC preparation.
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