Mindmap: Our Environment | Science Class 10 PDF Download

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Ecosystem
De?nition: Interaction between
 living (biotic) and non-living
 (abiotic) components.
Types
Natural ecosystems 
(forests, lakes)
Human-made ecosystems
 (gardens, aquariums)
Components
Producers: Green plants & 
bacteria produce food 
through photosynthesis.
Consumers: Rely on producers 
or other consumers 
for food.
Decomposers: Break down 
dead matter & 
recycle nutrients.
Food Chains
 & Webs
De?nition: A chain where 
organisms are food 
for the next level.
Trophic
Levels
First: Producers (plants)
Second: Primary consumers
 (herbivores)
Third: Secondary consumers 
(small carnivores)
Fourth: Tertiary consumers 
(large carnivores)
Energy Flow: 10% of energy
 is transferred from one
 trophic level to another.
Food Web: A complex 
network of food chains.
Human
 Impact
Ozone 
Depletion
Ozone shields 
from UV radiation.
Depletion caused 
by CFCs.
Global e?orts 
to reduce CFCs 
(1987 UNEP agreement).
Waste 
Disposal
Types
Biodegradable: Broken down
by natural processes 
(e.g., vegetable peels).
Non-biodegradable: Persist 
in environment 
(e.g., plastics).
Importance of 
waste management.
Our 
Environment