Vocational Education NCERT Solutions | Communicative English for Class 10 PDF Download

D.1. This is Rohan. He is not interested in the usual set of professional courses like the ones mentioned above. Do you think he can try his hand at something else ? Work in pairs and try to find some courses that he may like from the word maze given below.
Ans:

1. Plumbing
2. Electrician
3. Publisher
4. Typist
5. Foundryman
6. Welder
7. Fitter
8. Tailoring
9. Beautician
10. Machinist
11. Librarian (Printing error in CBSE book)
12. Retailing
13. Designer
14. insurance

D.2. Now that you have identified a few of the courses that Rohan can do, can you guess what would be their job profile and what category they can be placed under ? Given below is a table with jobs in column A and the job profile in column B (Jumbled up). Work in pairs to match the column A with column B and column C.
Ans:

D.3. Read the following article on vocational education.
Vocational Education prepares learners for jobs that are based on manual or practical activities. It has traditionally been considered non-academic and totally related to a specific trade, occupation or vocation. Hence, it is sometimes referred to as technical education. It is generally given at the secondary or post-secondary level. It focuses on development of skills that are needed for specific trades and hence practical work is given greater importance than bookish learning. There is an urgent need to respond to the growing skill requirement so that the momentum of the economy can be sustained. By focusing on employability, our education system can fulfill the requirements of skilled manpower. Further, vocational education also creates more employment opportunities by equipping learners with entrepreneurial skills. It also addresses the changing face of technology through diversified courses. However, there are many concerns, foremost among them being low motivation amongst students to pursue vocational education. It is compounded by the rigid mindset of parents and educators in accepting vocational courses. It is also a painful fact that many vocational courses that are being offered have become obsolete. Since there is poor linkage between institutions offering vocational courses and the private sector, students often find it difficult to secure proper employment immediately after completing their courses. As a result of globalization, new sectors in both manufacturing and service industries have opened up. Hospitality, fashion technology, film and television, information technology, retail, health care etc are some of the emerging areas that require skilled man power.
Ans: Students to read the text as desired on their own.

D.4. After reading the above passage, complete the notes given below :
1.0 What is VE
1.1 Prepares ……………………………………….
1.2 Related to ……………………………………….
1.3 Generally at the ………………………………………. level.
1.4 Focus on ………………………………………. and ……………………………………….
2.0 Need of VE :
2.1 To sustain ……………………………………….
2.2 To provide ……………………………………….
2.3 Creates ………………………………………. by
2.4 Addresses ………………………………………. through
3.0 Concerns :
3.1 Low ……………………………………….
3.2 Rigid ……………………………………….
3.3 Obsolete ……………………………………….
3.4 Poor linkage ……………………………………….
4.0 Emerging Fields :
4.1 Globalization has resulted in ……………………………………….
4.2 New fields of employment :

• Hospitality

Ans:
1.0 → It is Vocational Education.
1.1 → learners for jobs
1.2 → manual or practical activities
1.3 → non-academic
1.4 → development of skills and practical work
2.1 → momentum of the economy
2.2 → skilled manpower
2.3 → more employment opportunities by equipping learners with entrepreneurial skills
2.4 → the changing face of technology through diversified courses.
3.1 → motivation among students to pursue vocational education
3.2 → mindset of parents
3.3 → many vocational courses being provided
3.4 → between institutions offering vocational courses and the private sector
4.1 → new sectors in both manufacturing and service industries
4.2 → …….

• Fashion technology
• Film and television
• Information technology
• Retail
• Healthcare

D.5. Based on the information provided in this section along with the input given below write an article on “The growing need for Vocational Education”! “Education Curriculum requires fresh perspective”.
"In India every year 6,50,000 Engineering graduates and approximately two million graduates pass out of colleges. Nearly two thirds of the 6,50,000 engineering graduates need to be re skilled, so that they can get jobs in the industry. The developed world requires knowledge workers and skilled professionals. By 2020, the developed world will have a shortage of 40 million working people, says a report.
According to a survey, 72 per cent of our population is under the age of 35 and it is estimated that 300 million people between the ages of 18 and 50 seek employment of some or the other form. While 57 per cent are unemployable, 46 per cent are registered with employment exchanges with little hope of finding work as there lies a mismatch between the skilled manpower required and skilled manpower available. A majority of the youth passing out of colleges do not have the specific skills required by various sectors in the market. 
You may follow the CODER to write your article. You may arrange your information as suggested below: 
Para 1- Introduction (The present education system- How is Vocational education different) 
Para 2- The short comings of the system, its effect on the development of the country 
Para 3- Reasons for this mismatch in the market Para 4- Suggestions to bridge the gap
Ans: The Growing Need for Vocational Education / Education Curriculum Requires Fresh Perspective
It is a fact that there is a wide gap between the present education system and the needs of the sectors in the market. The present education system hardly meets the requirements of the employment sector.
Every year 6,50,000 Engineering graduates and approximately two million graduates pass out of colleges. But they need to be re-skilled to meet the requirements of the employing sector. The developed world requires knowledge workers and skilled professionals. Naturally this gap between what we produce and what we need affects the development of the country. There is pretty mismatch between the two—that is, between the skilled manpower required and skilled manpower available.
The reasons for this mismatch in the market are not difficult to trace. First of all, there is low motivation among students to pursue vocational education. Secondly, the mindset of the parents and educators is accepting vocational courses. Thirdly, many vocational courses have become obsolete. Fourth, there is lack of linkage between vocational course providing institutions and the employment sector.
This sort of gap between the skilled manpower required and skilled manpower available can be bridged. It is possible if more and more youth are motivated to join vocational courses and the mindset of the parents is changed. Secondly, the available facilities of vocational courses need to be updated as per the present day needs. Then there must be a linkage between vocational institutions and the private sector. On- campus interviews are a step in this direction but more is needed to be done.

D.6. Your school is planning to close down two vocational courses at + two level as the enrolment has not been very encouraging. However, the school has decided to hold a debate concerning this issue. The team that is able to convince the students will be the deciding factor for the courses.
Based on all the inputs provided in the section, hold a class debate on the following topic: 
"Education should be skill based rather than knowledge based” 
Divide the class into four groups, two FOR the motion and two AGAINST the motion. In your groups choose: 
Group Leader: To co ordinate the work 
Group Speaker: To effectively deliver the views 
Group Secretary: To note down the points discussed 
A Chairperson, Debate Secretary and Time keeper will be appointed to conduct the debate.
Ans: Holding of the debate at class level to be done as desired above. The debate (for and against) is given below :
Education should be Skill Based rather than Knowledge Based
(for the motion)
Worthy Chairperson, Secretary and dear students
Today I, Ajit, stand before you to speak for the motion on ‘Education should be skill based rather than knowledge based. You’ll agree with me that in today’s world skill based education is the need of the hour. We all need various services to get on well with life. If you come out of the classrooms of our educational institutions, you’ll realize that our studying conventional economics, history or other conventional courses are just meaningless. They don’t get us suitable jobs.
On the other hand, as a result of globalization, I personally feel, new sectors in both manufacturing and service industries have opened up. These are hospitality, fashion technology, film and television, information technology, retail, healthcare etc. Then if we look at other vocational courses we find a large number of service providing jobs. These, you’ll see, can make us employable.
The present day education is knowledge based. I am of the opinion that such a system of education is just not sufficient. Our country is developing. At this juncture, we need the services of plumbers, designers, welders, tailors, machinists, electricians, foundry men etc. Their jobs are technical. The vocational institutions have a major role in providing us such a manpower. I submit that you’ll see yourself that developed countries need these skilled personnel in a large number. These skills are the need of the hour. We don’t make welders, foundry men, technicians etc, in conventional knowledge based colleges and universities. So I am of the firm opinion that seeing the today world and its needs we need skill based education and not knowledge based one. I, therefore, support the motion.
Thank you very much.
Education should be Skill Based rather than Knowledge Based
(against the motion)
Worthy Chairperson, Secretary and dear students
Today, I Amit, stand before you to speak against the motion on ‘Education should be skill based rather than knowledge based’. I am of the opinion that we don’t need all the education to be skill based as is implied in the topic. Then we have a sufficient number of vocational institutions. These have been providing the necessary skill based education.
My knowledgeable friend has beautifully analysed and asserted that education should be skill based. You can yourself imagine what the future would be if we have skilled manpower without the personnel having knowledge based education. I submit that I personally feel that knowledge based education is a must for a developing country like ours. We need managers, bureaucrats, professionals of a high order who can plan and design things seeing the needs of the times. These professionals, I am of the opinion, can’t be from plumbers or technicians. They should be coming from colleges and universities and technical education institutions. These are IITs, IIMs etc, where knowledge based education is imparted.
I personally feel that the country’s progress today is more because of the personnel produced by these institutions rather than vocational institutions. I don’t deny the role and importance of this vocational personnel. But I am sorry to say that they are in a supplementary position to them. If there is a kind of linkage between the two, you will see that we needn’t be afraid of anything. Country’s all round progress shall stand fully ensured then. So I support the view that education should be knowledge based. I, therefore, oppose the motion.
Thank you very much.

D.7. Most children face dilemma while choosing the right stream at + two level. Most of them are unsure of what they want to do. The decision is taken based on popular choice, parents’ pressure or peer pressure.
Rashmi is a student of class X. Her school organized a workshop on career counseling. It proved to be an eye opener as she came to know about the varied possibilities and benefits of joining a Vocational Course and learn things that she has always been interested in. At the same time she also learnt about the requirement of the job market. She has taken a decision about pursuing Photography/ Choreography. She has decided to tell her family about her decision. Each one of them reacts differently. Her father is very much against the idea. Her mother though supportive, is very apprehensive about the future prospects. Her sister, who is a counselor, supports her decision. 
In groups of four, you will discus the choice that Rashmi has made. You will play the following roles: 
1. Rashmi 
2. Mr. A.K Saxena (Father) 
3. Mrs. Rita Saxena (Mother) 
4. Ms Rakhi (Sister) 
Your teacher will distribute Role Cards, which will give you information about the roles you are to play. Each group should do a presentation in the class
Role Cards: 

Ans: Meant for role-play at class level. How the role-play in groups of four is to proceed is given below :
Rashmi: With due respects to you all, I wish to place before you my deep desire of pursuing Photography/Choreography. I personally feel that I have a passion for them. I have no desire to study science and commerce. I love taking pictures of animals. My grandfather has gifted me with a camera. I think and am pretty sure that I shall realize my passion.
Father: Hearing what Rashmi has declared I feel a bit let down as I have had great hopes for her. I myself am an IITian, that is, an engineer and I want her to join IIT. Besides, Photography/Choreography may be good for hobbies, they are not at all good professions. Thirdly, I personally feel that these two professions are not at all meant for girls. So I wouldn’t like that Rashmi should go in for these disciplines.
Mother (Mrs. Saxena): Being a mother I feel a little apprehensive about Rashmi’s choice or passion. I think such a profession is not viable and moreso for women. I feel anxious whether Rashmi shall be able to survive in her profession of her choice as it is hardly meant for women. She, perhaps, may not get a job. Who knows what kind of a family she has had after her marriage ? I want to support her. But being a Hindu woman nurtured in Hindu culture ? I find it hard to agree to what Rashmi wants to choose. Rashmi’s father rightly says that such a profession is not meant for girls.
Ms Rita: Being a Counsellor I feel that Rashmi has been able to find out so early in life what she wants. I, therefore, support her. I would want mom and dad to let Rashmi do what she wants to do.
Father: Rita is right in her own perspective. But I find it hard to see Rashmi go in for these professions since these are men’s domain. I find it hard to see Rashmi in such a profession. I personally feel that it doesn’t have many job opportunities.
Mother: I am of the same opinion. I personally feel that this profession is not meant for women. Then there are little chances for jobs.
Ms Rita: I personally feel that Rashmi can excel in this profession since it is nearer to her heart, interests and gut feeling. She will devote to this profession with sincerity and devotion. This will pay the way for her on being on the top. When she touches the top, she would hardly need any job.
Rashmi: I have an intuitional feeling that if I am allowed to pursue this profession I will not need any job. Instead, I would need a few persons to do jobs for me. Secondly, no one knows what is in store in future for one. Precisely speaking, I want to be number 1 photographer or a choreographer in the world.
Father, mother, Ms Rita: In that case I think that we should bow down before Rashmi’s passion.
Rashmi: Thank you mom and daddy; thank you dear sister.

D.8. Your school has decided to introduce Mass Media Studies as a subject under the vocational stream. This is going to help students who want to pursue a career in films, its production and other attached fields. Write a notice for your school notice board informing all students who are studying in class X regarding the course.
Writing a notice.
A notice is information regarding an important event that is about to happen or that has happened. It is publicly displayed — a kind of information for others to know and follow: 

• The notice must contain complete information
• The message with essential details includes : 
  •  an eye-catching caption — preferably a phrase and not a sentence 
  • important details 
  • the name of the body / organisation organising the event

As the Head Boy/Head Girl of your school, you are organizing a Career Counselling session for students of class IX and X of your school. Write a notice giving details to be displayed on your school notice board in about 50 words

Ans:

D.9. Rahul—in the picture is not only your co worker but also a good friend. When you see him working with so much diligence and dedication, you feel happy at having supported him when his father was against him learning to be a Machinist. Write a narrative piece on Rahul’s journey of self realization and success and how your support helped him achieve his ambition.

How I Helped Rahul
Ans: I am really glad and contented to have supported Rahul in the profession of a Machinist when his father was against it. I am also a Machinist and feel completely contented to have chosen this profession. Rahul’s father wanted him to study Commerce and Accountancy. But I learnt from Rahul that he never liked this subject. He had a deep inclination, inherent liking and interest in the working of machines. So after we completed our + 2,1 decided to help Rahul to go in the profession of his liking.
It was a very hard time to convince Rahul’s father to let Rahul to be a Machinist. But when I myself chose it as a profession and gave Rahul’s father some convincing examples of a bright future he relented. At least I feel that if avocation and vocation are mixed together then work gets done nicely. Rahul’s dedication and devotion to his work and his curiosity to make something new shall enable him to be a force to reckon with. At last Rahul has realized that his potential lies in machines. I am sure that one day Rahul will be on top of the world in this profession. He shall be a pride for his parents and for me as well. It was I who mattered much in his being what he ever wanted to be. My good wishes to him on his bright future.

D.10. Read and ponder over the following story silently.
“Pelican Watching”—Donna Getzinger
Have a class discussion on the great lesson that human beings can learn from Papa Pelican. 
One day my father took me fishing with him. I told him that I wasn't ready to use my own fishing pole yet, but he brought two fishing poles anyway. I sat in the boat and watched the sea birds as my father untied the fishing boat from the dock and started up the motor.

"What kind of birds are those funny ones with the tiny heads and fat bodies?" I asked, pointing to the two birds not far from us. 
My father looked up and said, "They are pelicans."
"The little one looks angry. It keeps flapping its wings at the big one."
"Hmmm,"my father said. "Looks like the big one with the yellow feathers around his eyes is the papa. That little one with the grey and white feathers must be his baby. The baby wants to sit with him on his post."
"But he won't let her," I said, as I pointed out how the papa pelican kept pushing the baby pelican off the post.
"Oh, look," my father said. "Papa's gonna dive for a fish. There he goes."
"Go, Baby Pelican!" I laughed. "She has nabbed the post, dad!"
"Not for long," my father replied with a cool smile playing on his lips. Sure enough, Papa Pelican came up with a fish in his mouth. He flew to his messy post, pushed off Baby Pelican and swallowed the fish.
"That's not fair!" I said. "Papa Pelican should share his post with his baby and give her some of his fish."
"I don't know about that," my father said. We watched Papa Pelican dive into the water two more times, coming each time to knock his daughter off his post.
"Come on, Dad, let's go," I said. "I've seen enough."
"No, wait," my father insisted. "Just a little longer."
The next time Papa Pelican dove, he came up with a fish, but he didn't take it back to his own post. Instead, he put it on another post. Then he flew back to his own post and knocked his daughter off.
"He wants her to go to the other post," my dad said.
Baby Pelican flew around for a moment as if she was confused, but the smell of the fish must have caught her attention because she eventually landed on the other post and swallowed the food.
Papa Pelican dove again, brought up a fish and ate it. Baby Pelican squawked loudly. Papa Pelican dove a couple more times to catch a few more fish for himself.
Each time Baby Pelican squawked louder.
"Just get your own fish then, Baby," I yelled to her. "You can do it!"
The fourth time Papa Pelican dove, Baby Pelican copied him. Papa came up with a fish in his mouth. So did Baby Pelican. They both went to their own posts and swallowed their food. Baby Pelican cooed, and Papa Pelican flew close to her so he could touch her with his long beak as if he was kissing her.
"He taught her how to fish!" I gasped.
"Incredible, eh?" my father said. "Watching all that fish-eating has made me hungry".
"Let's catch some big ones for ourselves!"
"Yeah!" I agreed.
After a short while, we found a cove where the water was calm. My father put bait
on a hook and handed the pole to me.
"No thanks, Dad," I said, pushing the pole back towards him.
"I thought you wanted to fish today," my father said.
"I do," I said. "I just want to do it with my own pole."
My father grinned. "It's about time!" He leaned over, hugged me and messed up my hair. "Do you want to put the worm on, too?" he asked.
I looked at the tub of worms. "Well, actually, I think I will let YOU handle that."
The two of us fished side-by-side all afternoon. Each time I caught a fish all by myself, with my own pole, I would cheer. And every time there was cause to cheer, my father would lean over and kiss me on the head.
Ans: Students to read the text on their own as desired. A class discussion needs to be organised under the guidance of the teacher. Some more information is given below on the topic to help the students in this discussion :
The present story has two parallel sub stories—one of the father and the son – the other of pelicans as baby pelican and her father pelican. The father pelican is out to train the baby pelican in the field of life. He is and has to one day be harsh towards the baby pelican as it would help in teaching her the lessons of life. These shall enable one in how to survive with success. Father pelican doesn’t give her the fish he has caught because he wants the baby pelican to pick her own as she will have to one day when he won’t be there on the scene. It is a fact that one generation is born and the old one dies. In this cycle of life and death, one has to stand on his own one day to survive. One’s parents are never there for ever. Father pelican teaches this lesson to the baby pelican. This lesson thus teaches this hard truth of life that one must be on one’s own.