Q1: Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following is the most important constituent of the atmosphere for human beings?
(a) Water vapour
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Dust particle
(d) Oxygen
Ans: (a) Water vapour
(ii) Which one of the following process is responsible for transforming liquid into vapour?
(a) Condensation
(b) Transpiration
(c) Evaporation
(d) Precipitation
Ans: (c) Evaporation
(iii) The air that contains moisture to its full capacity :
(a) Relative humidity
(b) Specific humidity
(c) Absolute humidity
(d) Saturated air
Ans: (d) Saturated air
(iv) Which one of the following is the highest cloud in the sky?
(a) Cirrus
(b) Stratus
(c) Nimbus
(d) Cumulus
Ans: (a)
Q2: Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Name the three types of precipitation.
Ans: The three types of precipitation are:
(ii) Explain relative humidity.
Ans: The percentage of moisture present in the atmosphere as compared to its full capacity at a given temperature is known as the relative humidity.
(iii) Why does the amount of water vapour decreases rapidly with altitude?
Ans: The water vapour is greater over the oceans and least over the continents. There is absence of these water bodies on high altitudes. Temperature decreases with higher altitudes, therefore, rates of evaporation also decreases as a result water vapour also decreases rapidly with altitude.
(iv) How are clouds formed? Classify them.
Ans: Cloud is a mass of minute water droplets or tiny crystals of ice formed by the condensation of the water vapour in free air at considerable elevations.
According to their height, expanse, density and transparency or opaqueness clouds are grouped under four types:
Q3: Answer the following questions in about 150 words.
(i) Discuss the salient features of the world distribution of precipitation.
Ans: Different places on the earth’s surface receive different amounts of rainfall in a year and that too in different seasons.
(ii) What are forms of condensation? Describe the process of dew and frost formation.
Ans: The transformation of water vapour into water is called condensation. Condensation is caused by the loss of heat.
The forms of condensation are dew, frost, fog and clouds.
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