Oxoacids of Sulphur and Preparation of Sulphuric Acid Video Lecture - NEET

hello friends this video on p-block
element part 36 will Brockie by exam
fear calm no more fear from exam the
next important compound is oxoacids son
see also ex is what it should have
oxygen hydrogen and sulfur these are
also assets of sulfur
there's so many oxoacids of software s 2
s 3 s 2 s 4 sulfuric acid sulfuric acid
H 2 X 2 O 5 then you have H 2 s 2 O 7 H
2 s o5 2 s 2 O 5 so many say that
there's so many also access of sulfur
some of them are unstable some of them
are stable so let us take some of them
for example we'll take sulfuric acid PD
your popular one so that structure will
be like this now this H 2 s 3 since
sulfuric acid the next one is for uric
acid sulfuric acid this current h2s oh 3
correct the next sulfuric acid so very
guy said I have a chair I would share a
double bond or h2 so4 yesterday this is
my h2 so4 this is purely gas
let's sing one more important look upon
H 2 s 2 a peroxy die sulfuric acid that
is the structure of this
this is the structure this is H two H
two H two H two foot eight oxygen
this is peroxo die fury has one more I
can take
as oleum that is also pretty useful that
is called pyro sulfuric acid h2so4 this
is the structure of this okay this is
called pyro sulfuric acid or also called
oleum that is H 2 H 2 O now let's
understand preparation of sulfuric acid
the king of all acid this is the most
important chemical and this is
manufactured by a process called contact
process this myself uric acid h2so4 a
very important vehicle and it rose three
steps the first step is mine burning of
sulfur or the sulphide ore in here to
generate sulfur dioxide so I have cell
phone you would burn this sulfur dioxide
that is the first step the second step
is the most important step that is
nothing but conversion of sulfur dioxide
to sulfur dioxide and this is done by
reacting myself for dioxide again with
oxygen in the presence of some catalyst
B 2 O 5 is the catalyst used typically
and this is the most important step and
this happens at a temperature of 450
degrees Celsius and knew it was very
fresh that is the third step most
critical step
and the fourth one is the adsorption of
so3 and s2 is a four so you have as a
three from this reaction you adsorb the
siness to it so for sulfuric acid to
give Oleum we just discussed the Olien
structure s2 h 207 this is my volume so
once it is adsorb you get h 2 s 207 then
in fact you can make fourth step also
this H 2's 207 when they can react with
water or when a tile you would be this
water you get various typically these
two happens in one step so we call that
three step 1 2 and these 2 is 1 3 this
is the second step is the most critical
step for this this is the most the key
step and note that this is a exothermic
reaction Delta H is minus 1 9 2 6 point
6 kilo Joule but what the step is
exothermic it did it gives out energy
also if you notice there is a decrease
in the volume you see there 1 2 molecule
this is one molecule so this Delta H is
negative is exothermic process also
decrease in volume thus since it is a
thermic process that means to favor this
step second step that is the most
critical step to favor my second step we
need what we need low temperature and
high pressure why no temperature because
this reaction is exothermic it gives out
energy so we need low temperature why
high pressure because there is a
decrease in the volume so you increase
the pressure the reaction will move in
the forward direction a squirter as per
the chakra principle ok as Pearlie
Chatelier it will go in the forward
direction if you keep the temperature
low and increase the pressure but the
temperature should not be very low if it
is very low the reaction may not water
so for that the temperature children is
450 degrees Celsius or my 720 Kelvin on
most this is the temperature the
chemists came out with that's after so
many reactions so this is the
temperature that is used to convert so2
to so3 most critical steam once you have
a so 3c sulfur to sulfur sulfur reaction
with oxygen get sulfur oxide pretty easy
steps and foxhole for dioxide sulfur
trioxide this is the critical step you
need catalyst and the optimum
temperature and why this temperature
because it is exothermic process and the
volume decrease so high pressure will
Phoebus reaction so for favoring this
reaction we use low temperature and high
pressure and temperature for degree
Celsius and a pressure off to
atmospheric pressure and then we get one
so3 that is adsorbed in sulfur sulfuric
acid to produce
Oleum and this William is again
dissolved in water to give sulfuric acid
and sulfuric acid we get is almost 96 to
98 percent in this so you see this is
the step I have my cell phone here this
sulfur and this is oxygen these two
reacts trying to form so2 okay
and then we capture all the dust okay
and then we have this reaction and we
get so3 and then this so3 react with
sulfuric acid sorry with this so2
actually now I come into so3 here using
catalysts v2o5
this is the most critical step in this
one and must be FSO three sulphur
trioxide you William right you get on
him and then with this whole IAM
actually you get to see if it's only in
here right this whole here we can
actually react with water to form
and please note the second step again is
a very critical step it's a reversible
process actually and that's why we are
using all this a low temperature and
high pressure to favor this reaction in
the forward direction as Perley
chatlier's principle so for this we use
catalyst we do a Phi we use optimum
temperature an optimum pressure and the
catalyst need not be be 205 be 200 means
mind I vanadium pentoxide if we can also
use platinum silica gel or platen iced
asbestos any of these can be used again
as I told once again we the as per the
lead chatelier's principle we should use
low temperature but at a very low
temperature the reaction will be very
slow the sulfur trioxide eel is very low
right if the pressure is very high if
they use very high pressure we use only
to atmospheric pressure if you see but
the leech chatelier's principle expects
us to use high pressure by using only
two atmospheric pressure because the
pressure is very high what will happen
is this sulphur dioxide will attack the
materials of the plant this matrix of
the plant will get corroded by the
sulphur dioxide so we are maintaining
only two atmospheric pressure and only
450 degree Celsius temperature we are
not maintaining a very high temperature
not very high atmospheric pressure okay
but we use excess of oxygen this is also
we use actually we use excess from here
you see we give excess of oxygen here
also you see this one we give X is a
fossil here you pass excess oxygen okay
let's see the whole step once again so I
have my sulphur initial here
this is bond in the presence of air this
you burn and actually this sulfur burner
here you burn the sulfur and you get
sulfur dioxide gas
sulfur dioxide gas because here
pure is the impure sulfur dioxide gas
right now let me change the color first
so let me start once again the sulfur
and the oxygen you born the sulfur in
the sulfur burner chamber and you burn
the sulfur so what you get is sulfur
dioxide this is impure sulfur dioxide
this impure sulfur dioxide which have a
lot of impurities it is passed through
this dust precipitator so this does
precipitate or what it will do is it
will collect all the heavy dust particle
so on the hey Vedas particularly trap
and you will get little pure sulfur
dioxide heavy dust particle is trapped
there so you here you can get so2 it is
free of heavy dust particles but it will
still have some impurities to do this we
will wash this sulfur dioxide to watch
this sulfur dioxide we use the water
spray and we use a cooling tower because
we want to watch this at a lower
temperature so that the reaction doesn't
take place the sulfur dioxide is soluble
in water right you H 2 O 3 so we don't
want this reaction to take place so we
cool the temperature you got the sulfur
dioxide and here you get this wet sulfur
dioxide which will have any few
impurities it will have something to
tease but most of the impurities is gone
now wet sulfur dioxide we can't use we
have to make it dry right to try the
sulfur dioxide bu we use sulfuric acid
itself saluting as if we have seen is a
dehydrating agent it it sucks all water
molecules so we'll pass this dry or wet
sulfur dioxide through this chamber
which has nothing but concentrates or
through gossiped with this you will get
back the bed wet waste acid here but the
sulfur dioxide gas will be dry ok now
this again the sulfur dioxide gas will
have some more impurities like arsenic
oxides so these are arsenic impurities
are pure
right here using this arsenic purifier
and these arsenic purifier has
gelatinous hydrated ferric oxide so this
gelatinous hydrated ferric oxide
actually helps in removing all the
arsenic impurities from sulfur dioxide
so here we got pure sulfur dioxide after
this okay you got pure sulfur dioxide
now since the reaction secondary
actually this is where we are this is
where we are now
since we we need this 50 degree Celsius
temperature so we heat this so2 so here
also we get less or two at 4 degrees
Celsius so we use this catalyst v2o5 now
you get so3 here so once you have su 3
here this sulfur trioxide is adsorbed in
sulfuric acid to get William now once we
have the volume we can repair sulphuric
acid based on we can make desired
concentrated sulfuric acid because we
have only an may have to just mix this
with water and you insert it against
okay PDC sulfur baths and oxygen to form
sulfur oxide sulfur dioxide this is
little impure to use this dust
precipitate up to remove all the heavy
particles watch this sulfur dioxide and
water it is wet we want to die sulfur
dioxide we use sulfuric acid to suck all
the water from the sulfur dioxide we get
the dry sulfur dioxide still it has
acetic impurities we use arsenic
purifiers
to get this pure sulfur dioxide here we
have got the pure self
pure sulfur dioxide we heat this knob
here in this first step only we heat
this to 450 degree Celsius degree
Celsius and then the second step start
in the second step this heated sulphur
dioxide at 40 degree Celsius
reacts with or is in contact with the
v2o5 always there is oxygen here if you
see oxygen is always along with it so it
forms so3 one sulphur trioxide
form it is adsorbed in the sulfuric acid
to form bullion once we have odium we
can pump sulfuric acid or desired
concentration easily this is the process
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