PIB Summary- 19th December, 2022 | PIB (Press Information Bureau) Summary - UPSC PDF Download

Pradhan Mantri Virasat Ka Samvardhan (PM VIKAS)

Why in News?
The Ministry of Minority Affairs has renamed the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Ko Kaam Karyakram (PMKKK) Scheme as the Pradhan Mantri Virasat Ka Samvardhan (PM VIKAS) Scheme.

About the Scheme

• It is a central-sector programme that focuses on the leadership, entrepreneurial, and skill-building needs of the nation’s minority and artisan groups.
• The scheme has been approved by the Cabinet for the period of 15th Finance Commission.
• Components of the scheme:
  • Skill and Training
  • Leadership and Entrepreneurship
  • Education
  • Infrastructure Development

This is an integrated scheme that converges five erstwhile schemes of the Ministry of Minority Affairs viz,

Seekho aur Kamao

• This is a placement linked skill development scheme  aims to improve the skills of minority youth in a variety of modern and traditional skills depending on their educational background, current economic trends, and market potential.

USTTAD (Upgrading the Skills & Training in Traditional Arts/Crafts for Development)

• The rich heritage of the traditional  arts and crafts of the minority populations is intended to be promoted and preserved.

Hamari Dharohar

• It was created to preserve the rich heritage of India’s minority populations.

Nai Roshni

• It is a leadership development programme for women from minority populations who are between the ages of 18 and 65. It began in 2012–2013.

Nai Manzil

• The programme is intended to help youth (including men and women) from six notified minority communities who are between the ages of 17 and 35 , who do not have formal school leaving certificate.

Objectives

• Using the elements of skill development, education, women’s leadership, and entrepreneurship, PM VIKAS seeks to enhance the livelihoods of minorities, notably the artisan populations.
• In order to achieve the scheme’s ultimate goal of raising beneficiaries’ wages and providing support via facilitating credit and market links, these components work best together.

Open Network for Digital Commerce

Why in News?
Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) will charge a “small fee” from platforms that will contribute towards “maintenance and development” of the network.

• The network will seek to reduce the compulsory commissions charged from sellers and logistics partners on the network by private e-commerce firms such as US-based Amazon and homegrown Flipkart — the two largest e-commerce firms in the country.

About Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) project

• The Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) is a project which is an initiative of the Department of Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
• The task of promoting open networks developed on open-source methodology has been given to the Quality Council of India (QCI) for ONDC project.
• The expectations for ONDC are to digitise the entire value chain, standardise operations, promote inclusion of suppliers, derive efficiencies in logistics, and enhance value for consumers.

The main aims of ONDC are to:

• Promote open-source methodology, using open specifications and
• Promote open network protocols independent of any specific platform
• Digitise value chains,
• Promote inclusion of suppliers,
• Standardize operations,
• Derive efficiencies in logistics
• Enhance value for consumers.

Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)

• The Department for Promotion of Indu5stry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) is a central government department working under Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
• The Department is responsible to formulate and implement promotional & developmental measures for growth of industrial sector based on national priorities and socio-economic objectives.
• Individual administrative ministries are responsible for planning – production, distribution and developmental aspects of industries allocated to them. But the DPIIT is responsible for overall industrial policy.
• DPIIT is also responsible to facilitate and increase foreign direct investment (FDI) flows India.

What is open-source?

• Open-source means that the code or the steps of that process is made available freely for others to use, redistribute and modify.
• An open-source project means that anybody is free to use, study, modify and distribute the project for any purpose.
• These permissions are enforced through an open-source licence easing adoption and facilitating collaboration.
• For example, while the operating system of Apple’s iPhones — iOS — is closed source, meaning it cannot be legally modified or reverse engineered.
• Google’s Android operating system is open-source, and therefore it is possible for smartphone OEMs such as Samsung, Xiaomi, OnePlus, etc to modify it for their hardware.

Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission

Why in News?
Over 4 crore health records of citizens digitized and linked with their Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA) numbers under Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM).

About Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission

• Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission will help connect digital health solutions across the country.
• All Indians will get a digital health ID under this scheme.
• Every citizen’s health record will now be digitally secure.
• The health ID will be used as health account.
• Personal health records can be linked to this account and viewed with the help of a mobile application.
• Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission will provide reliable data, leading to better treatment and savings for patients too.
• The National Health Authority (NHA) will be the implementing agency of Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM).

Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)

• Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) is the flagship scheme of the Union government as a part of the Indian government’s National Health Policy.
• AB-PMJAY provides a health cover of up to Rs. 5 lakh a family a year, for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization, to India’s bottom 40% poor and vulnerable population.
• The programme was launched in September, 2018.
• AB-PMJAY is under the aegis of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
• The PM Jan Arogya Yojana beneficiaries get an e-card that can be used to avail services at an empanelled hospital, public or private, anywhere in the country, with which they can walk into a hospital and obtain cashless treatment.
• The scheme has certain pre-conditions by which it picks who can avail of the health cover benefit. While in the rural areas the list is mostly categorized on lack of housing, meagre income and other deprivations, the urban list of PMJAY beneficiaries is drawn up on the basis of occupation.

Key Features of AB-PMJAY

• PM-JAY is a health assurance scheme that covers 10.74 crores households across India or approximately 50 crore Indians.
• It provides a cover of 5 lakh per family per year for medical treatment in empanelled hospitals, both public and private.
• It provides cashless and paperless service to its beneficiaries at the point of service, i.e., the hospital.
• E-cards are provided to the eligible beneficiaries based on the deprivation and occupational criteria of Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 (SECC 2011).
• There is no restriction on family size, age or gender.
• All previous medical conditions are covered under the scheme.
• It covers 3 days of hospitalisation and 15 days of post hospitalisation, including diagnostic care and expenses on medicines.
• The scheme is portable and a beneficiary can avail medical treatment at any PM-JAY empanelled hospital outside their state and anywhere in the country.
• The Central government has decided to provide free testing and treatment of Coronavirus under the Ayushman Bharat Yojana.