PPT: Acids, Bases and Salts | Science Class 10 PDF Download

 Page 1


Acids, bases and 
salts
Class 10
Page 2


Acids, bases and 
salts
Class 10
An acid is a substance that
produces hydrogen ions (H+) when
placed inwater
When acids/ ionic compounds are
dissolved in water, the ions split
apart from each other
(dissociation)
Examples: 
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
Nitric acid (HNO3)
What are Acids?
Page 3


Acids, bases and 
salts
Class 10
An acid is a substance that
produces hydrogen ions (H+) when
placed inwater
When acids/ ionic compounds are
dissolved in water, the ions split
apart from each other
(dissociation)
Examples: 
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
Nitric acid (HNO3)
What are Acids?
Properties of Acids :
 The term ‘acid’ has been derived from
the Latin word, 'acidus' which means
sour.
Acids have a sour taste. They turn blue
litmus solution red. 
They give H+ ions in an aqueous solution.
Acids: Properties
Page 4


Acids, bases and 
salts
Class 10
An acid is a substance that
produces hydrogen ions (H+) when
placed inwater
When acids/ ionic compounds are
dissolved in water, the ions split
apart from each other
(dissociation)
Examples: 
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
Nitric acid (HNO3)
What are Acids?
Properties of Acids :
 The term ‘acid’ has been derived from
the Latin word, 'acidus' which means
sour.
Acids have a sour taste. They turn blue
litmus solution red. 
They give H+ ions in an aqueous solution.
Acids: Properties
 1.Strong Acids: An acid, which
dissociates completely or almost
completely in water are strong
acids. Examples: HCl, H 2SO 4, and
HNO 3. 
Types of Acids
4.Dilute Acids: A dilute solution is a
liquid having a lower solute content.
(More amount of water + Less
amount of acid). Examples: H 2SO 4
with a concentration of 5% is
considered a dilute acid.
3. Concentrated Acids: A concentrated
solution is a liquid with a high solute
concentration. A dilute solution is a
liquid having a lower solute content.
(More amount of acid + Less amount of
water). Examples: Conc. H 2SO 4 and Conc.
HCl 
2. Weak Acids: Acid that
dissociates only partially when
dissolved in water are weak acids.
Examples: CH 3COOH, Oxalic acid,
and Lactic acid. 
Page 5


Acids, bases and 
salts
Class 10
An acid is a substance that
produces hydrogen ions (H+) when
placed inwater
When acids/ ionic compounds are
dissolved in water, the ions split
apart from each other
(dissociation)
Examples: 
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
Nitric acid (HNO3)
What are Acids?
Properties of Acids :
 The term ‘acid’ has been derived from
the Latin word, 'acidus' which means
sour.
Acids have a sour taste. They turn blue
litmus solution red. 
They give H+ ions in an aqueous solution.
Acids: Properties
 1.Strong Acids: An acid, which
dissociates completely or almost
completely in water are strong
acids. Examples: HCl, H 2SO 4, and
HNO 3. 
Types of Acids
4.Dilute Acids: A dilute solution is a
liquid having a lower solute content.
(More amount of water + Less
amount of acid). Examples: H 2SO 4
with a concentration of 5% is
considered a dilute acid.
3. Concentrated Acids: A concentrated
solution is a liquid with a high solute
concentration. A dilute solution is a
liquid having a lower solute content.
(More amount of acid + Less amount of
water). Examples: Conc. H 2SO 4 and Conc.
HCl 
2. Weak Acids: Acid that
dissociates only partially when
dissolved in water are weak acids.
Examples: CH 3COOH, Oxalic acid,
and Lactic acid. 
A base is a substance that produces
hydroxide ions (OH- ) when placed in
water 
When bases/ ionic compounds are
dissolved in water, the ions split apart from
each other (dissociation) 
Examples: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Potassium hydroxide (KOH) Calcium
hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 )
What is a Base?