PPT: Geography as a social study and as a science | Social Studies & Pedagogy Paper 2 for CTET & TET Exams - CTET & State TET PDF Download

 Page 1


Geography as a 
Social Study and 
Science
Page 2


Geography as a 
Social Study and 
Science
Origins and Evolution
Etymology
Geography combines Greek words 'Geo' (Earth) and 'Graphy' 
(description).
Historical View
Initially considered a social study, geography later adopted 
scientific methods.
Contemporary View
Modern geographers see it as both social study and science.
Page 3


Geography as a 
Social Study and 
Science
Origins and Evolution
Etymology
Geography combines Greek words 'Geo' (Earth) and 'Graphy' 
(description).
Historical View
Initially considered a social study, geography later adopted 
scientific methods.
Contemporary View
Modern geographers see it as both social study and science.
Geography: Social Study vs. Science
As Social Study
Concerned with Earth's surface and spatial 
organization.
Early scholars like Eratosthenes and Ptolemy 
described geographical occurrences without 
scientific explanation.
As Science
Modern geography emphasizes scientific 
methods and principles.
Focuses on cause-effect relationships.
Today's geography exists as both social 
science and science.
Page 4


Geography as a 
Social Study and 
Science
Origins and Evolution
Etymology
Geography combines Greek words 'Geo' (Earth) and 'Graphy' 
(description).
Historical View
Initially considered a social study, geography later adopted 
scientific methods.
Contemporary View
Modern geographers see it as both social study and science.
Geography: Social Study vs. Science
As Social Study
Concerned with Earth's surface and spatial 
organization.
Early scholars like Eratosthenes and Ptolemy 
described geographical occurrences without 
scientific explanation.
As Science
Modern geography emphasizes scientific 
methods and principles.
Focuses on cause-effect relationships.
Today's geography exists as both social 
science and science.
Branches of Geography
Physical Geography
Studies natural forms and processes in 
the environment, including hydrosphere, 
biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere.
Human Geography
Examines how humans create, view, and 
manage space, focusing on patterns that 
shape human society.
Economic Geography
Studies location, distribution, and spatial 
organization of economic activities 
worldwide.
Environmental & Applied 
Geography
Combines human-physical interactions 
and applies geographical knowledge to 
real-world problems.
Page 5


Geography as a 
Social Study and 
Science
Origins and Evolution
Etymology
Geography combines Greek words 'Geo' (Earth) and 'Graphy' 
(description).
Historical View
Initially considered a social study, geography later adopted 
scientific methods.
Contemporary View
Modern geographers see it as both social study and science.
Geography: Social Study vs. Science
As Social Study
Concerned with Earth's surface and spatial 
organization.
Early scholars like Eratosthenes and Ptolemy 
described geographical occurrences without 
scientific explanation.
As Science
Modern geography emphasizes scientific 
methods and principles.
Focuses on cause-effect relationships.
Today's geography exists as both social 
science and science.
Branches of Geography
Physical Geography
Studies natural forms and processes in 
the environment, including hydrosphere, 
biosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere.
Human Geography
Examines how humans create, view, and 
manage space, focusing on patterns that 
shape human society.
Economic Geography
Studies location, distribution, and spatial 
organization of economic activities 
worldwide.
Environmental & Applied 
Geography
Combines human-physical interactions 
and applies geographical knowledge to 
real-world problems.
Purpose of Studying 
Geography
Earth Integration
Study Earth based on different 
forms and divide into areas.
Environmental 
Relationships
Examine connections between 
environment and humans.
Resource Distribution
Discuss differences in resource 
distribution, communities, and 
habitats.
Regional Development
Explain terrestrial 
developments of different 
regions.