PPT: Indian Geography Notes | EduRev

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Indian Geography
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Indian Geography
INDIA LOCATION
India is a vast country lying entirely in the Northern hemisphere. The main land extends
between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E .The Tropic of
Cancer (23° 30'N) divides the country into almost two equal parts . The southern part
of the country lies within the tropics and the northern part lies in the sub-tropical zone or the
warm temperate zone. This location is responsible for large variations in land forms, climate,
soil types and natural vegetation in the country. To the south east and south west of the
mainland, lie the Andaman and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep islands in Bay of Bengal and 
Arabian Sea respectively.
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Indian Geography
INDIA LOCATION
India is a vast country lying entirely in the Northern hemisphere. The main land extends
between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E .The Tropic of
Cancer (23° 30'N) divides the country into almost two equal parts . The southern part
of the country lies within the tropics and the northern part lies in the sub-tropical zone or the
warm temperate zone. This location is responsible for large variations in land forms, climate,
soil types and natural vegetation in the country. To the south east and south west of the
mainland, lie the Andaman and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep islands in Bay of Bengal and 
Arabian Sea respectively.
Page 4


Indian Geography
INDIA LOCATION
India is a vast country lying entirely in the Northern hemisphere. The main land extends
between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E .The Tropic of
Cancer (23° 30'N) divides the country into almost two equal parts . The southern part
of the country lies within the tropics and the northern part lies in the sub-tropical zone or the
warm temperate zone. This location is responsible for large variations in land forms, climate,
soil types and natural vegetation in the country. To the south east and south west of the
mainland, lie the Andaman and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep islands in Bay of Bengal and 
Arabian Sea respectively.
India: Geographical Extent & Frontiers
Page 5


Indian Geography
INDIA LOCATION
India is a vast country lying entirely in the Northern hemisphere. The main land extends
between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E .The Tropic of
Cancer (23° 30'N) divides the country into almost two equal parts . The southern part
of the country lies within the tropics and the northern part lies in the sub-tropical zone or the
warm temperate zone. This location is responsible for large variations in land forms, climate,
soil types and natural vegetation in the country. To the south east and south west of the
mainland, lie the Andaman and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep islands in Bay of Bengal and 
Arabian Sea respectively.
India: Geographical Extent & Frontiers
India: Geographical Extent
Latitudinal and Longitudinal extent of India, they are roughly about 30
degrees, whereas the actual distance measured from north to south extremity is 
3,214 km, and that from east to west is only 2,933 km .
This is because the east-west distance between two successive meridians of 
longitude along the equator is at its maximum - 111 km. This, however, goes on 
decreasing as one moves from the equator to the poles, where it is zero. This is 
because all the meridians of longitude merge in a single point at the poles - both 
North and South. On the other hand, the north-south distance between any two 
successive parallels of latitude along any meridian of longitude remains almost 
uniform, i.e., 111 km.