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Parliamentary Government - Polity and Constitution, UPSC, IAS. UPSC Notes | EduRev

Polity and Constitution (Prelims) by IAS Masters

UPSC : Parliamentary Government - Polity and Constitution, UPSC, IAS. UPSC Notes | EduRev

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Parliamentary Government

PARLIAMENTARY GOVERNEMNT

  • Indian constitution provides for a parliamentary form of government both at the centre and at the states
  • Art 74, 75 & 163 ,164 deals with the parliamentary form of govt at the centre and at the state respectively
  • There are two types of govt systems:
    • Parliamentary- in which executive is responsible to the legislature for its policies and acts
    • Presidential- in which executive is independent of the legislature for its policies and acts

Features of Parliamentary govt

Features of the Presidential govt

  • Nominal & Real executives: president is the nominal head while the PM is the real head

President is head of the state & Govt

  • Majority party rule

President  rules with the help of his secretaries

  • Collective responsibility: council of ministers is collectively responsible to Parliament

President not responsible to Legislature

  • Dissolution of the Lower House by PM

President cannot dissolve the Lower House

  • Secrecy: the ministers operate on the principle of secrecy of procedures

The executive, legislative & judicial powers are separated

 

Features of Parliamentary govt

Features of the Presidential govt

  • Nominal & Real executives: president is the nominal head while the PM is the real head

President is head of the state & Govt

  • Majority party rule

President  rules with the help of his secretaries

  • Collective responsibility: council of ministers is collectively responsible to Parliament

President not responsible to Legislature

  • Dissolution of the Lower House by PM

President cannot dissolve the Lower House

  • Secrecy: the ministers operate on the principle of secrecy of procedures

The executive, legislative & judicial powers are separated

 

Demerits of the Parliamentary system 

Unstable government: it does not provide a stable govt . The ministers depend on the mercy of the majority legislators for their continuity and survival.

Against separation of powers: As the executive and legislature are together and inseparable the whole system goes against the theory of separation of powers.

Government by amateurs: the PM has a limited choice in the selection of ministers which is restricted to MPs alone and does not extend to external talent.

No continuity of policies: it is not conducive for the formulation and implementation of the long term policies. A change in ruling party is generally followed by a change in govt policies.

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