Each one of you has been taught 'Physics' in your previous grades. Have you ever thought, about what this subject is? From the birth of the universe to usual events like the blue color of the sky, the formation of a rainbow, reddish sunrise, and sunset, and, the occurrence of rain, thunder, fog, volcanoes, and earthquakes, etc, physics is everything around you.
The scientific observation of the universe by great physicists like Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein has led to the discovery of the fundamental rules and laws that govern the universe. This set of rules is physics.
But let's face it, definitions are important, so how do you define Physics? The best way physicists define physics:
Physics is a fundamental science concerned with understanding the natural phenomena that occur in our universe. It is a natural science based on experiments, measurements and mathematical analysis with the purpose of finding quantitative physical laws for everything.
or simply put,
A science that deals with matter and energy, and their interactions.
Physics seeks to construct and experimentally test theories of the physical universe. These theories vary in their scope and can be organized into several distinct branches such as Mechanics, Electromagnetism, Thermodynamics, Modern Physics, etc.
Branches of Physics
There are two principal thrusts in Physics
Unification | Reductionism |
Efforts are made to explain different phenomena in nature on the basis of one or minimum laws. | To understand or to derive the properties of a complex system the properties of its simpler constituents are taken into account. |
Phenomena of an apple falling to the ground, the moon revolving around the earth, and weightlessness in the rocket, all phenomena are explained with the help of one Law that is, Newton's Law of Gravitation. | For example, a complex thermo-dynamical system can be understood by the properties of its constituents like the kinetic energy of molecules and atoms. |
The scope of physics is very wide and exciting because it deals with objects of size as large as the Universe,1025m, and as small as 10-14m, the size of a nucleus.
Famous Physicists
There are many different forces that objects can feel or use. Some are big forces that we can see, like gravity, friction, and when things touch each other. Others are tiny forces that we can't see without special tools, like electrical forces between atoms.
But all these forces come from some simple forces we call "Fundamental Forces."
Types of Fundamental Forces
Properties of Fundamental Forces
Physics is a science that deals with matter and energy, and their interactions
There are two domains of interest in the field of physics. They are the macroscopic domain and microscopic domain. The macroscopic domain deals with matter and objects that are measurable and can be observed by the naked eye. Microscopic domain deals with molecules, atoms, and nuclei. It deals with objects that require a lens or microscope to see them clearly.
The excitement of physics comes in conducting new experiments, discovering the different secrets of nature, and then applying the laws of physics for practical purposes.
There are four fundamental forces in nature: Gravitational Force (Weakest force; but has infinite range), Weak Nuclear Force (Next weakest; but short range), Electromagnetic Force (Stronger; with infinite range), Strong Nuclear Force (Strongest; but short range)
Q1. Why is Physics called the King of Science?
Physics is called the king of science because it helps us understand how nature works.
It is possible for theoretical physics to exist without Maths but it gets difficult to analyze and describe the universal phenomena without mathematical hypothesis.
Physics and Biology, when combined together, help scientists learn more about biological systems on a molecular or atomic level.
Physics and Chemistry may overlap when the subject under consideration is matter composed of electrons and nuclei made of protons and neutrons.
Physics is important because it helps us understand the fundamental nature of the universe. It improves the quality of life by providing quantitative and analytical skills in fields like engineering, medicine and science.
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