Preparation and Properties of Chlorine Video Lecture - NEET

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first important element chlorine will
see the preparation of this so the
chlorine was discovered in 1774 actually
by reacting my HCl and mno2 in the lab
and the gas was forming this gas was
actually green in color greenish yellow
and this word chlorine came from his
Greek word chloro that means greenish
yellow me Shalu is called chlorine green
and there's this world luring him in
1774 okay so in lab you want to prepare
chlorine you actually heat a menu to
with the concentrated HCl so I have a
mineral - and I have concentrated HCl
you heat this you get em in CL you get
some water and you also get glowing gas
and this is my Chloe glass okay
and she go by sea lastly I can also use
NaCl on h2so4 so Maya manner - is same
in sheet of s CL I'll use my NaCl and h2
so4 combination because this is the
placement of a-c-l-u he you made a 1 CL
2 NH so for some water and again a
flowing gas okay you can also prepare
chlorine by action of hydrochloric acid
on came in a photo so you take a
manifold you take hydrochloric acid you
react you get KCl m + CL - some water
and some pure glass you want ignite the
balance reaction this is my balance
reaction
okay this is how you prepare chlorine in
the lab but chlorine is very important
compound important gas and we use the we
prepare this a lot in a large scale in
industry so in industry in a large scale
if you want to prepare we can't use all
this method because it will be costly
when you talk about the industrial
preparation the money mattress it has to
be cheap
so in industry it is prepared by a lot
of method the first is that they cons
process so in they cons process what we
do is we oxidize SCL gas by atmosphere
oxygen in the presence of catalyst cucl
2 so I have a CL I use the atmospheric
oxygen and I use the cocl together
catalyst you get this chlorine and water
molecule so oxidation of HCl gas by the
atmospheric oxygen in the presence of
cucl to catalyst and this happened at
7:23 kevin the second way to prepare
chlorine industry is we can do it
electrolysis of NaCl solution we do
electrolysis of NaCl solution so we
hands jar we have the anode and cathode
when you see a solution so in that case
my chlorine gas is liberated at andover
so that is also one way of generating
chlorine in the stilly and also as a
by-product of many industrial processes
by-product of many industrial process we
have seen that in lot of reactions we
see that chlorine is the byproduct thus
chlorine gas is also collected in those
kind of process let's see some
properties of this chlorine gas the
first thing is this gas it has greenish
yellow
greenish yellow color gas and this gas
has a very batsman has a very pungent
smell it's a very bad smell
it's actually suffocating smell mind
okay this is very heavy than water so it
is two to three times actually or two to
five times heavier than mud here we have
an air sorry but the normal air it is it
is very heavy so it's settled down okay
because it is figure that here it can
easily be liquefied to a greenish yellow
liquid it can easily be like 'ooh by
because it boils at 293 239 Kelvin and
it can be easily liquefied the low
temperature and high pressure it is
water-soluble we have seen that it
reacts with water it react with lot of
metals and nonmetals also we have seen
some of the reaction interact with we
will see more react with my metals and
also lot of non metals to form chlorides
you talk about the metals example
aluminum will react with the chlorine to
form C you talk about sodium will react
with chlorine to form ionic bond NaCl
iron will react with chlorine to form a
3 C and 3 you can write the balanced
reaction either a metal reaction if we
talk about the non metals reaction
makers reaction non-military Act which
example phosphorus will react with
chlorine to form ECL 3 my sulphur also
will react with chlorine to from s 2 CL
2
so if you see chlorine reacts with both
metals and nonmetals chlorine has a
great affinity for high degree
has a very great affinity or hydrogen
you see hydrogen chlorine to try to calm
steel effect hydrogen sulfide also to
react to form 2 SC n sulfur we take a
hydrocarbon there also it will react
form HCM and some cava
it has great affinity for hydrogen
okay the next property is with excess
ammonia chlorine gives nitrogen and
ammonium chloride so I have nh3 and this
is excess and you would react with
chlorine what you get is n is n 2 plus n
we neutralize this is what you get but
the same reaction you make chlorine axis
excess made you take more you you have
ammonia and you have taurine you make is
chlorine excess this time so what you
get is n CL TN you see the same reaction
the same reaction in this case I had
chlorine excess you get n CL 3 in
hydrochloric acid that is nitrogen
trichloride and this is nitrogen
trifluoride this is it try to write and
this is explosive okay
and with the excess of ammonia you get
nitrogen gas and ammonium chloride okay
in fact it has lot more properties see
this chlorine will react differently
with nuh sodium hydroxide so or any
alkali with coal and dilute alkalis this
chlorine produce a mixture of chloride
and hypochlorite so this is NaOH or any
alkali cold and dilute is with the
reaction
so I have any which I have a chlorine
this is my cold and so this will form a
Sunni chloride my ocl and what it is
forming NaCl sodium chloride
hypochlorite and what but in Sina of
corn and dilute you take this is a
newish cold and I'll use this is that
suppose I take any alkali this is my hot
and concentrated so you have this kind
of scenario I have any alkyl ii this is
hot and concentrated this if reacts with
chlorine
it will give NaCl it will give any clo3
and what it gives chloride and chlorate
okay so you want you can write the
balanced reaction for this yeah okay now
another reaction with dry slake line it
gives bleaching powder and we will talk
about the bleaching Porto's I have a dry
slickline Co h2 and this chlorine will
react with this to give cocl2
okay this is my placing bottom and C is
going to and what raise money by product
okay in fact the chlorine we have seen
lot in the substitution and addition
reaction in hydrocarbon right so we have
seen for example I have a methane it
reacts with chlorine so there is no
double bond to break so we'll have
substitution reaction here it'll get CS
3 CL that is methyl chloride and
hydrochloric acid so if you take a
unsaturated hydrocarbon for example c2
h4 that is athene it will react with
chlorine to form c2 h4 cl2 it's addition
reaction this is addition reaction this
is my
serves TT energy so we have seen these
kind of reaction lot in organic
chemistry this will be what one two
dichloromethane okay and if you talk
about the chlorine water chlorine water
actually on standing it will lose its
yellow color because of the formation of
HCl nh4cl so I have a chlorine water in
oxygen so it will form IC ln h o CL this
is hypochlorous acid and this is mine
hydrochloric acid okay this hypochlorous
oxide actually it gives nascent oxygen
it gives an acid oxygen and this mess
and oxygen is actually responsible for
bleaching action of the Khloe we'll talk
about the bleaching part of then we will
talk about the bleaching action actually
this one give will give a sealant as an
action back this Ness and oxygen is
actually responsible for the bleaching
action okay and thus chlorine water is
strong bleaching agent this chlorine
water is a strong base needed strong
bleaching engine because this bleaching
again is a permanent effect because it's
nice and oxygen it fades the color of a
particular article if you talk more
about the property of chlorine chlorine
Ashley is a very good oxidizing Ethan we
have seen that right so it will oxidize
my ferrous to ferric example feso4 you
add some acid and some chlorine it
becomes Fe 2 O 3 to s there you see
chlorine get reduced from 0 to minus 1
and iron got oxidized from plus 2 no
plastic
it's a good oxidizing agent actually
more reaction for cluing I have a cell
for dioxide in water including you react
you get h2so4 and 2 HC okay this was
plus 4 oxidation state
this became +6 oxidation see good
oxidized 0 this become minus 1 got
reduced I to iodine out so if you see
react with chlorine you get h IE o 3 and
HCL you see chlorine is reduced and
iodine is oxidized this is how much plus
phi chlorine is a good oxidizing agent
and you have seen flowing water is a
good bleaching agent why because it
gives nasan to oxygen
okay which chlorine water actually will
give to and this nascent oxygen actually
it if you have a colored substance if
you have a colored substance and you use
this oxygen in become colorless family
would and this is a permanent effect
okay let's talk about the uses of this
chlorine first is they told this
chlorine has this nascent oxygen and it
is used as a good bleaching agent so it
is used for bleaching glitching what
bleaching wood-pulp
my prepare paper paper if you see is
white color and this prepared by
bleaching wood pulp or it is also used
for bleaching cotton and next time to
give different shades different color it
is used for extraction of gold and
platinum gold
extraction is used it is used to
manufacture guy drugs detergent you know
all these thing it is used it is also
used to sterilize water it is also used
to prepare poisonous gas this is please
remember this chlorine is used to
prepare poison gas
for example for gene that is see
and poisonous gas or in fact tear gas
CCL 3 you know to be the game prepared
from chlorine or mustard gas this is
also poisonous gas and this formula is
CL CH 2 CH 2 s CH 2 CH 2 CL this is one
table and this is also prepared from
chlorine it takes some new maker and
chlorine the first numerical is write
the balanced equation for the reaction
of crewing the thought and concentrated
sodium hydroxide there is this are
disproportionally reaction justify you
have just seen this reaction anyways see
it - this is hot and concentrated it
gives NaCl NaCl o3 and h2o okay chlorine
oxidation state is zero here it is minus
1 here it is plus 5 so we see chlorine
is getting reduced chlorine is getting
oxidized since chlorine is getting both
oxidized and reduced yes this is a
disproportion Asian reaction okay the
next is give the reason for bleaching
action of chlorine we have told that the
the reason why proteins use a bleaching
agent is either the chlorine when it
reacts with water it will give you 2 HCl
in oxygen and this nascent oxygen is
responsible for bleaching action um
Chloe named to poisonous gas prepared
from chlorine gas we have just seen in
fact Faust's gene that is Co co2
it's a poisonous gas tear gas is also a
little bit poisonous ca3 you know - then
my mustard gas my mustard yeah this is
also poison gas at the CL CH 2 CH 2 s 3
is 2 CH 2 C sulphur in the middle CH 2
CH 2 CL on both side okay so the next
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