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Principles of Inheritance & Variation - L1 | Unacademy NEET | LIVE DAILY | NEET Biology | Sachin Sir Video Lecture

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FAQs on Principles of Inheritance & Variation - L1 - Unacademy NEET - LIVE DAILY - NEET Biology - Sachin Sir Video Lecture

1. What are the principles of inheritance and variation?
Ans. The principles of inheritance and variation refer to the rules and patterns by which traits and characteristics are passed down from parents to offspring. These principles are based on the study of genetics and include concepts such as Mendelian inheritance, law of segregation, law of independent assortment, and genetic variation.
2. What is Mendelian inheritance?
Ans. Mendelian inheritance, also known as classical inheritance, is a principle of heredity that explains how traits are passed from parents to offspring. It is based on the work of Gregor Mendel and states that each trait is determined by a pair of genes, one from each parent. These genes may be dominant or recessive, and their expression determines the phenotype or observable characteristics of the offspring.
3. What is the law of segregation in inheritance?
Ans. The law of segregation is a principle of inheritance that states that during the formation of gametes (eggs and sperm), the two alleles for each gene segregate or separate from each other. This means that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene. When fertilization occurs, the offspring receives one allele from each parent, resulting in the inheritance of traits.
4. What is the law of independent assortment in inheritance?
Ans. The law of independent assortment is a principle of inheritance that states that the alleles for different genes segregate independently of each other during the formation of gametes. This means that the inheritance of one trait does not affect the inheritance of another trait. The law of independent assortment is based on the observation that genes are located on different chromosomes or far apart on the same chromosome.
5. How does genetic variation occur?
Ans. Genetic variation refers to the differences in genetic material among individuals of the same species. It occurs through various mechanisms such as mutation, recombination, and sexual reproduction. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can introduce new alleles into a population. Recombination occurs during meiosis when genetic material is shuffled between chromosomes. Sexual reproduction, through the fusion of gametes from different individuals, also contributes to genetic variation by combining different sets of alleles.
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