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1. What are the s-block elements?
Ans. The s-block elements are a group of chemical elements in the periodic table that have their outermost electron in an s-orbital. They are located in the 1st and 2nd groups of the periodic table, including elements such as hydrogen, lithium, sodium, and potassium.
2. What are the properties of s-block elements?
Ans. The s-block elements have several distinguishing properties. They are highly reactive metals with low ionization energies, meaning they readily lose their outermost electron to form positive ions. They have low melting and boiling points and are good conductors of heat and electricity. Additionally, they exhibit a wide range of chemical reactivity and can form various compounds.
3. How do s-block elements react with water?
Ans. Many s-block elements react vigorously with water, producing hydrogen gas and forming metal hydroxides. For example, sodium reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas according to the equation: 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2. The reaction is exothermic and releases a significant amount of heat.
4. What are some common uses of s-block elements?
Ans. S-block elements have various applications in daily life. Sodium and potassium are essential for human health and are commonly found in table salt and fertilizers. Calcium is crucial for strong bones and teeth and is often used as a dietary supplement. Lithium is used in rechargeable batteries, while magnesium is used in lightweight alloys and fireworks.
5. Why are s-block elements important in industrial processes?
Ans. S-block elements play an essential role in many industrial processes. For example, sodium and potassium are used as catalysts in chemical reactions, while calcium is used in the production of steel and in the purification of various metals. Additionally, s-block elements are utilized in the manufacturing of soaps, detergents, and glass production.
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