Class 10 > Crash Course: Class 10 > Rules for the inheritance of traits Mendel's Contribution
Rules for the inheritance of traits Mendel's Contribution Video Lecture - Crash Course: Class 10
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FAQs on Rules for the inheritance of traits Mendel's Contribution Video Lecture - Crash Course: Class 10
| 1. What are the rules for the inheritance of traits according to Mendel's contribution? |  |
Ans. Mendel's contribution to the study of inheritance of traits established three fundamental rules:
1. Law of Segregation: Each individual possesses two copies of each gene, and these copies segregate during the formation of gametes. Only one copy passes to each offspring, resulting in the inheritance of traits from both parents.
2. Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for different traits segregate independently during the formation of gametes. This means that the inheritance of one trait does not influence the inheritance of another.
3. Law of Dominance: One of the two copies of a gene may be dominant over the other, determining the observable traits. The dominant gene is expressed, while the recessive gene remains hidden unless both copies are recessive.
| 2. How did Mendel contribute to the understanding of trait inheritance? | |
Ans. Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk, conducted extensive experiments with pea plants in the mid-19th century. Through his meticulous observations and statistical analysis, Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity. He formulated three laws: the Law of Segregation, the Law of Independent Assortment, and the Law of Dominance, which provided a solid foundation for the understanding of trait inheritance. Mendel's work laid the groundwork for modern genetics and revolutionized the field of biology.
| 3. Can you explain the Law of Segregation proposed by Mendel? | |
Ans. The Law of Segregation, proposed by Mendel, states that during the formation of gametes, the two copies of each gene segregate or separate from each other. As a result, each gamete carries only one copy of each gene. When fertilization occurs, the offspring inherits one copy of each gene from each parent. This law explains why offspring inherit traits from both parents and why traits can reappear in future generations.
| 4. How does the Law of Independent Assortment contribute to the understanding of inheritance? | |
Ans. The Law of Independent Assortment, proposed by Mendel, states that genes for different traits segregate independently during the formation of gametes. This means that the inheritance of one trait does not influence the inheritance of another. The law explains why offspring can inherit a combination of traits from both parents, leading to genetic variation. It also helps in understanding the inheritance patterns of multiple traits simultaneously and how they can be shuffled and recombined during reproduction.
| 5. What is the significance of Mendel's Law of Dominance in trait inheritance? | |
Ans. Mendel's Law of Dominance states that one of the two copies of a gene may be dominant over the other, determining the observable traits. The dominant gene is expressed, while the recessive gene remains hidden unless both copies are recessive. This law helps explain why certain traits are more commonly observed in a population while others are less frequent. It also provides insight into the genetic basis of inherited diseases and the possibility of predicting the likelihood of certain traits in future generations.
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