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Q.1. The ‘Eyes’ of the potato tuber are     [CBSE PMT’2011]
(a) root buds
(b) flower buds
(c) shoot buds
(d) axillary buds
Ans: 
d
Solution:

The axillary buds of the potato tuber are called ‘eyes’ in common language. They are found at the nodes of the stem tuber.

Q.2. What is common between vegetative reproduction and apomixis?    [CBSE PMT’2011 M]
(a) Both are applicable to only dicot plants
(b) Both bypass the flowering phase
(c) Both occur round the year
(d) Both produce progeny identical to the parent
Ans: 
d
Solution:

Vegetative reproduction and apomixis both are asexual methods of reproduction, which gives the progeny genetically similar to parent.

Q.3. Vegetative propagation in mint occurs by    [CBSE PMT’2009]
(a) offset
(b) rhizome
(c) sucker
(d) runner
Ans: 
c
Solution:

Vegetative propagation in mint occurs through sucker. Plants belonging to this category propagate by a part of their body other than a seed.
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FAQs on Solved Examples: Reproduction in Organisms - NEET

1. What is the process of reproduction in organisms?
Ans. Reproduction in organisms refers to the biological process by which new individuals of the same species are produced, ensuring the continuation of the species. It involves the production of reproductive cells, such as sperm and eggs, and their fusion to form a zygote. This zygote then develops into a new organism.
2. What are the different modes of reproduction in organisms?
Ans. Organisms can reproduce through various modes, including sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two parents, resulting in genetic variation. Asexual reproduction, on the other hand, does not involve the fusion of gametes and produces offspring genetically identical to the parent.
3. How do organisms reproduce asexually?
Ans. Asexual reproduction in organisms can occur through several methods. These include binary fission, where an organism divides into two equal parts; budding, where a new individual grows out of the parent's body; fragmentation, where a parent organism breaks into fragments, each capable of developing into a new individual; and vegetative propagation, where new plants are produced from stems, roots, or leaves.
4. What are the advantages of sexual reproduction in organisms?
Ans. Sexual reproduction offers several advantages to organisms. It promotes genetic variation, allowing for the adaptation to changing environments and the survival of the species. It also helps in repairing damaged DNA and eliminating harmful mutations through recombination. Additionally, sexual reproduction contributes to the development of complex traits and enhances evolutionary potential.
5. How does fertilization occur in organisms?
Ans. Fertilization is the process by which the male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote. In organisms, fertilization can occur internally or externally. In internal fertilization, the male transfers sperm directly into the female's reproductive tract, where it meets the egg. In external fertilization, the release of sperm and eggs occurs outside the body, often in water, where they meet and fuse.
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