The current geological structure and geomorphological processes in the Indian subcontinent have resulted from the interaction of endogenic and exogenic forces and lateral plate movements.
India can be classified into three main geological divisions based on its geological structure and formations:
(i) The Peninsular Block
(ii) The Himalayas and other Peninsular Mountains
(iii) The Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain
The physiography of an area results from its structure, process, and stage of development.
In Nagaland, Manipur, and Mizoram, the ranges run in a north-south direction.
The Great Himalayan Range (central axial range) is approximately 2,500 km long (east to west) and 160-400 km wide (north to south).
The Himalayas act as a barrier, separating the Indian subcontinent from Central and East Asian countries.
Beyond being a physical barrier, the Himalayas also serve as a climatic, drainage, and cultural divide.
The Structure and Physiology of the Peninsular Plateau
The Deccan Plateau
The Deccan Plateau
The Central Highlands
The Northeastern Plateau
The Indian Dessert
India has an extensive coastline, which can be divided into two main types based on location and geomorphological processes:
(i) Western Coastal Plains
Important Ports:
1. Kandla
2. Mazagaon
3. JLN Port Navha Sheva
4. Marmagao
5. Mangalore
6. Cochin
Geographical Divisions:
1. Kachchh and Kathiawar coast (Gujarat)
2. Konkan coast (Maharashtra)
3. Goan coast (Goa)
4. Malabar coast (Karnataka and Kerala)
The plains are narrow in the middle and wider towards the north and south.
Rivers here do not create deltas.
Known for 'Kayals' (backwaters) used for fishing, navigation, and tourism. The famous Nehru Trophy Vallamkali (boat race) occurs in Punnamada Kayal, Kerala.
(ii) Eastern Coastal Plains
India has two significant island groups:
3 videos|687 docs|659 tests
|
1. What are the major geological features of the Peninsular Block? |
2. How does the physiography of the Peninsular Block differ from that of the Himalayas? |
3. What are the main rivers originating from the Peninsular Block? |
4. What role does the Peninsular Block play in India’s climate? |
5. Why is the Peninsular Block considered a stable landform? |
3 videos|687 docs|659 tests
|
|
Explore Courses for CTET & State TET exam
|