Sustainable Development Goals | Civil Engineering Optional Notes for UPSC PDF Download

1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture
3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all
8. Promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all
9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster innovation
10. Reduce inequality within and among countries
11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable
12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development
15. Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all, and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels
17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

Sustainable Development Goals in India

• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) to provide jobs to unskilled laborers and improve their living standards.
• National Food Security Act to provide subsidized food grains.
• Swachh Bharat Abhiyan to make India open defecation free.
• Renewable energy generation targets to exploit solar, wind, and other renewable sources.
• Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) and Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) for improving infrastructure.
• Ratification of the Paris Agreement to combat climate change.

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were a series of eight time-bound targets adopted by the United Nations in September 2000. They were aimed at eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality, reducing child mortality, improving maternal health, combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, ensuring environmental sustainability, and developing a global partnership for development.
The MDGs paved the way for the SDGs, providing a framework for global development efforts. They were instrumental in reducing poverty, improving health and education, and promoting gender equality.